Age discrimination is a highly topical issue in all industrialised societies, against a background of concerns about shortening working lives and ageing populations in the future. Based upon detailed ...research, and adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this unique study traces the history of the age discrimination debate in Britain and the USA since the 1930s. It critically analyses the concepts of ageism in social relations and age discrimination in employment. Case-studies on generational equity and health care rationing by age are followed by an analysis of the British government's initiatives against age discrimination in employment. The book then traces the history of the debate on health status and old age, addressing the question of whether working capacity has improved sufficiently to justify calls to delay retirement and extend working lives. It concludes with a detailed examination of the origins and subsequent working of the USA's 1967 Age Discrimination in Employment Act.
El ageísmo en la vejez se ha relacionado con el imaginario social, responsable de mantener prejuicios y estereotipos hacia personas mayores. Prevaleciendo como fenómeno común en países ...occidentalizados como Chile, replicando una imagen de vejez llena de carencias y deterioro corporal. Este artículo reflexiona sobre el fenómeno de ageísmo que promueve conductas que excluyen a las personas mayores de la vida en sociedad y del cuidado formal. Para ello, se contextualizará sobre los imaginarios que predominan en la sociedad chilena sobre la vejez, y que afectan transversalmente a la familia, las instituciones y las profesiones; en segundo lugar se describirán algunas teorías explicativas sobre el ageísmo para mayor comprensión del fenómeno y su impacto generacional, y finalmente, sobre el abandono inicial de las personas mayores durante la pandemia por Covid-19 resultado del ageísmo de Estado. Visibilizar este tema favorece el debate social informado y la promoción de nuevas políticas públicas en favor de inclusión de personas mayores. Palabras clave: ageísmo, covid-19, teoría social, personas mayores Ageism in old age has been related to the social imaginary, responsible for maintaining prejudices and stereotypes towards older people. Prevailing as a common phenomenon in westernized countries like Chile, replicating an image of old age full of deficiencies and bodily deterioration. This article reflects on the phenomenon of ageism that promotes behaviors that exclude older people from life in society and from formal care. For this, it will be contextualized on the imaginaries that predominate in Chilean society about old age, and that transversally affect the family, institutions and professions; secondly, some explanatory theories about ageism will be described to better understand the phenomenon and its generational impact, and finally, about the initial abandonment of the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic as a result of State ageism. Making this issue visible favors informed social debate and the promotion of new public policies in favor of the inclusion of older people. Keywords: ageism, covid-19, social theory, aged O preconceito de idade na velhice tem sido relacionado ao imaginario social, responsável por manter preconceitos e estereótipos em relação aos idosos. Prevalece como fenômeno comum em países ocidentalizados como o Chile, reproduzindo urna imagem da velhice repleta de deficiências e deterioração corporal. Este artigo reflete sobre o fenómeno do preconceito de idade que promove comportamentos que excluem os idosos da vida em sociedade e dos cuidados formais. Para isso, será contextualizado nos imaginários que predominam na sociedade chilena sobre a velhice e que afetam transversalmente a família, as instituições e as profissões; em segundo lugar, algumas teorías explicativas sobre o preconceito de idade serão descritas para melhor compreender o fenômeno e seu impacto geracional e, por fim, sobre o abandono inicial de idosos durante a pandemia de Covid-19 como resultado do preconceito de idade do Estado. A visibilidade dessa questáo favorece o debate social informado e a promoção de novas políticas públicas em prol da inclusão dos idosos. Palavras chave: preconceito de idade, covid-19, teoría social, população idosa
Mezmur offers reflections on how the CRC Committee does and should address age-based discrimination against children. He prioritizes four topics to which the Committee should pay close attention: ...guidance to states parties on domestic law, addressing reservations, using the Optional Protocol on a Communications Procedure ("OPIC"), and clarifying the appropriate use of the best-interests-of-the-child principle to address age-based discrimination against children.
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•The first comprehensive review for determining the ginseng age.•Advantages and disadvantages of various methods are presented.•The scope of application, and prospects of various ...methods are demonstrated.•A good basis for their food research and component analysis.
Ginseng has garnered considerable attention as a primary subject of scientific inquiry in the fields of functional foods and dietary supplements worldwide. It is one of the best-selling natural health products due to its powerful health benefits. The market exhibits significant price discrepancies for ginseng of differing ages. The age of ginseng is pivotal in the food industry because it directly affects both its nutritional and economic worth. However, determining the age of ginseng is always challenging. This review summarizes the latest progress in the investigation of age discrimination in ginseng. We obtain a deeper understanding of their variations after investigating the advantages, disadvantages, applications, and economic aspects of various methods. This will aid the ginseng market in selecting more efficient methodologies. In conclusion, content determination represents the most mature and well-established approach presently, while morphology and spectroscopy remain the primary areas of research. These methods are highly promising but are not yet fully developed to meet market demand and further research to improve the methodologies is indicated. At the mechanistic level, systems biology provides different perspectives on the patterns during its ageing process. We believe that this review will facilitate researchers in conducting studies on the age of ginseng, thereby serving as a foundation for their research in the realm of food science.
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