Understanding is an ability manifested by grasping relations of a phenomenon and articulating new explanations. Hence, scientific understanding is inextricably intertwined with and not possible ...without explanation, and understanding is not a type of propositional knowledge. Anna Elisabeth Höhl provides a novel philosophical account of scientific understanding by developing and defending necessary and sufficient conditions for the understanding that scientists achieve of the phenomena they are researching. This account of scientific understanding is based on and supported by a detailed investigation of an episode from scientific practice in biology.
Increasing interest in the development of entrepreneurial intentions has elevated the importance of theories that predict and explain individuals’ propensity to start a firm. The purpose of this ...study is to meta–analytically test and integrate the theory of planned behavior and the entrepreneurial event model. We summarize the findings of 98 studies (123 samples, n = 114,007) and utilize meta–analytic structural equation modeling to examine the empirical fit of the competing theories and the integrated model. Our results demonstrate support for the competing theories and indicate the moderating role of contextual boundary conditions in the development of entrepreneurial intent. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the integrated model provides additional explanatory power and a fuller understanding of the process through which entrepreneurial intent develops.
Wie sieht ethische Verantwortung im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung, Datafizierung und Künstlichen Intelligenz aus? Die Beiträger*innen geben fundierte Einsichten in die KI-gestützte Entscheidungs- und ...Urteilsfindung. Von der digitalen Operationalisierung über die Rolle des Menschen im Zentrum des technischen Fortschritts bis hin zur Konzeption von vertrauenswürdigen Systemen - im Fokus steht die Diskussion von Chancen und Herausforderungen, die nicht nur Akademiker*innen vielseitige Anregungen zur weiteren Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema gibt.
On 6 April 1922, Einstein met Bergson to debate the nature of time: is the time the physicist calculates the same time the philosopher reflects on? Einstein claimed that only scientific time is real, ...while Bergson argued that scientific time always presupposes a living and perceiving subject. On that day, nearly 100 years ago, conflict was inevitable. Is it still inevitable today? How many kinds of time are there?
This book explores analytic induction, an approach to the analysis of cross-case evidence on qualitative outcomes that has deep roots in sociology. A popular research technique in the early decades ...of empirical sociology, analytic induction differs fundamentally as a method of social research from conventional variation-based approaches. In Analytic Induction for Social Research, Charles C. Ragin demonstrates that much is gained from systematizing analytic induction. The approach he introduces here offers a new template for conducting cross-case analysis and provides a new set of tools for answering common research questions that existing methods cannot address. “Breaks new ground in introducing analytic induction as an approach distinct from qualitative comparative analysis. Charles Ragin’s writing is among the clearest, most accessible, and engaging that I know.” — PEER C. FISS, Jill and Frank Fertitta Chair in Business Administration and Professor of Management and Organization, University of Southern California “At a time when methodological debates are becoming increasingly mathematical, this intervention is both refreshingly nontechnical and unusually helpful for qualitative researchers in sociology and political science. Because of its clarity, brevity, and usability, qualitative researchers in the social sciences are going to want a copy of this book.” — JAMES MAHONEY, Gordon Fulcher Professor in Decision-Making and Professor of Sociology and Political Science, Northwestern University
Menschliches Leben ist grundlegend dadurch charakterisiert, dass dem Menschen bewusst ist, dass er sich in unterschiedlicher Gestalt verwirklicht. Dieses Bewusstsein ist tief im Bewusstsein seiner ...selbst, in seinem Selbstbewusstsein also, verankert. In diesem Buch wird gezeigt, dass ein Subjekt nur dadurch ein adäquates Bewusstsein seiner selbst haben kann, dass es sich in Differenz zu anderen gleichermaßen selbstbewussten Subjekten begreift. Mir als einzelnem Menschen, als Individuum, ist bewusst, dass ich so bin, mein Mitmensch hingegen anders und wir beide trotzdem gleich – nämlich Mensch. Das Bewusstsein, das ein einzelner Mensch von sich selbst als partikularem Individuum hat, enthält also notwendig das Verhältnis zu anderen Menschen, die auf eine andere Art und Weise leben als er selbst. In diesem Bewusstsein verwirklicht sich der Anspruch des selbstbewussten Subjekts, letzte Quelle dessen zu sein, was es tut. Es weiß, dass es selbst bestimmen kann, was zu tun und wie zu leben für es allgemein richtig ist. Es weiß, dass es frei ist. Um dies zu verstehen, muss das selbstbewusste Subjekt, das als solches die Idee der Freiheit verwirklicht, jedoch als Widerspruch begriffen werden. Es verkörpert die Identität von Identität und Nicht-Identität.
Personality identity and phenomenology Kalach, E. A.
Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity,
10/2020, Letnik:
5, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The article analyzes the theory of personality identity existing in analytical philosophy. The conclusion is drawn that in these theories there is a mixing of a substantial and phenomenal ...understanding of consciousness, which determines the public and private contexts of understanding the personality. Based on the extended theory of intersubjectivity by Ed. Husserl, it is possible to show that the analytical problem of the substantial nature of personality and the phenomenological problem of the unity of conscious sensation are inextricably linked
Analytic philosophy is roughly a hundred years old, and it is now the dominant force within Western philosophy. Interest in its historical development is increasing, but there has hitherto been no ...sustained attempt to elucidate what it currently amounts to, and how it differs from so-called 'continental' philosophy. In this rich and wide-ranging book, Hans Johann Glock argues that analytic philosophy is a loose movement held together both by ties of influence and by various 'family resemblances'. He considers the pros and cons of various definitions of analytic philosophy, and tackles the methodological, historiographical and philosophical issues raised by such definitions. Finally, he explores the wider intellectual and cultural implications of the notorious divide between analytic and continental philosophy. His book is an invaluable guide for anyone seeking to understand analytic philosophy and how it is practised.
This open access book is about exploring interesting borderline cases of art. It discusses the cases of gustatory and olfactory artworks (focusing on food), proprioceptive artworks (dance, martial ...arts, and rock climbing qua proprioceptive experiences), intellectual artworks (philosophical and scientific theories), as well as the vague limits between painting and photography. The book focuses on the author’s research about what counts as art and what does not, as well as on the nature of these limits. Overall, the author defends a very inclusive view, 'extending' the limits of art, and he argues for its virtues. Some of the limits discussed concern our senses (our different perceptual modalities), some concern vagueness and fuzzy boundaries between different types of works of art, some concern the amount of human intention and intervention in the process of creation of an artwork, and some concern the border between art and science. In these various ways, by understanding better such borderline cases, Benovsky suggests that we get a better grip on an understanding of the nature of art.
Islamic analytic theology emerges into an uncharted territory that is dominated by two loosely defined areas: analytic philosophy and analytic theology. As a nascent field, this article argues that ...for Islamic analytic theology to move forward, it needs to place the Qurʾān at its centre. To have a clear understanding of our terms, I begin by attempting a definition of Islamic analytic theology. Taking a normative approach to the subject, I consolidate the discussion with five methodical questions. Firstly, what has been going on in Islamic theology? (The descriptive task). Secondly, why has this been going on? (The interpretative task). Thirdly, what ought to be going on? (The normative task). Fourthly, how might we, as Muslim theologians, respond? (The pragmatic task). Fifthly, why should Muslim theologians conduct analytic theology? (The functional task). To situate Islamic analytic theology within this wider discussion, I end the article by offering some insights on how Islamic analytic theology relates to old Kalām. By the end of the article, we will have laid the groundwork showing the way forward for a more developed Islamic analytic theology.
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