Herbal preparation Chlamyfin was investigated for its total polyphenol content, 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, and anti-inflammatory and genotoxic properties. A high total ...polyphenol content provided evidence of high DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 4.96 ± 0.23 μg/ml). Analysis of the electrochemical behavior of Chlamyfin indicated high reducing ability, i.e., high antioxidant capacity, in agreement with the DPPH test. Analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibition by Chlamyfin suggested anti-inflammatory action (IC50 values of 5.40 μg/ml and 4.45 μg/ml for an incubation time of 10 and 30 min, respectively). For genotoxic assessment, oxidative stress was induced by irradiation of peripheral whole blood with gamma-radiation in vitro. In the presence of Chlamyfin, reduced incidence of micronuclei without disturbance to the proliferative potential of cells was evidenced in both irradiated and unirradiated samples, indicating its genoprotective properties. It was shown that Chlamyfin, in addition to its bactericidal effect, also possesses strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-genotoxic properties.
Antimutagenic properties of bell and black peppers El Hamss, R; Idaomar, M; Alonso-Moraga, A ...
Food and chemical toxicology,
2003, 2003-Jan, 2003-1-00, 20030101, Letnik:
41, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The wing Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART) in
Drosophila melanogaster was used to study the modulating action of bell pepper (
Capsicum annuum) and black pepper (
Piper nigrum) in ...combination with the alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and the promutagen agent ethyl carbamate (EC). Larvae
trans-heterozygous for the third chromosome recessive markers multiple wing hairs (mwh) and flare-3 flr(3) were fed genotoxins alone or in combination with each of the two spices. Genetic changes induced in somatic cells of the wing's imaginal discs lead to the formation of mutant clones on the wing blade. Our results showed that bell pepper was effective in reducing the mutational events induced by EC and MMS and black pepper was only effective against EC. Pretreatment of 2-day-old larvae with the spices for 24 h followed by a treatment with EC and MMS was only effective in reducing mutations induced by EC. Suppression of metabolic activation or interaction with the active groups of mutagens could be mechanisms by which the spices exert their antimutagenic action.
Terminalia catappa L. is a popular folk medicine for preventing hepatoma and treating hepatitis in Taiwan. In this paper, we examined the protective effects of
T. catappa leaf water extract (TCE) and ...its major tannin component, punicalagin, on bleomycin-induced genotoxicity in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. Pre-treatment with TCE or punicalagin prevented bleomycin-induced
hgprt gene mutations and DNA strand breaks. TCE and punicalagin suppressed the generation of bleomycin-induced intracellular free radicals, identified as superoxides and hydrogen peroxides. The effectiveness of TCE and punicalagin against bleomycin-induced genotoxicity could be, at least in part, due to their antioxidative potentials.
The anti-genotoxicity effect of aqueous extracts of Connarus ruber cortex was studied in cultured human cells and mice. Connarus extract decreased bi-nuclei cells with micronuclei (MNBNC) ...significantly in NER-proficient WTK1 cells that were exposed to MNU, MMC, or UVC and in NER-deficient XPL3KA cells (that is, in XP-C) that were exposed to MNU or MMC, but not UVC. The genotoxicity-suppressing effect was further studied by the comet assay. Connarus extract decreased DNA migration significantly in WTK1 cells that were exposed to MNU or UVC and in XPL3KA cells that were exposed to MNU but not UVC. In WTK1 cells, in contrast, DNA migration increased with the extract in the presence of DNA repair inhibitors (araC and HU), suggesting that the anti-genotoxic potential is due to an enhanced incision step of global genome repair (GGR) subpathways in NER. Chemical analysis revealed that the extract contains epicatechine, one of the anti-mutagenic components contained in green tea. Connarus extract fractions that decreased UVC-induced DNA migration were those not to contain epicatechine and they were different from those that decreased MNU-induced DNA migration, suggesting that some anti-mutagenic components other than epicatechine might be contained in Connarus extract and that a number of anti-genotoxic components with different modes of anti-genotoxicity are contained in Connarus extract. The anti-clastogenic effect of Connarus extracts was examined in mice using a micronucleus assay. When mice received ≦2000 mg/kg Connarus extract by oral gavage at the same time as intraperitoneal injection of MMC, a decrease in the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes was observed. This decrease was not due to a delay in the maturation of micronucleated reticulocytes.
Fenugreek
(Trigonella foenum-graecum)
of Fabacecae family is widely distributed throughout the world and used as an old medicinal plant and traditional food. The present study deals with the ...investigation of the anti-genotoxic potential of methanol (MTG) and ethanol (ETG) extracted leaf sap of fenugreek on
Allium cepa
root tip cells, which were treated with cadmium sulfate (CdSO
4
). Three types of treatments were applied. First, roots were treated with different concentrations of methanolic and ethanolic extracts (0.1%, 0.5% and 1%) separately for 3 h each, followed by CdSO
4
treatment (at 250 ppm, for 3 h). Second, roots were first treated with CdSO
4
followed by extracts treatment. Third, root tips were treated with CdSO
4
with extracts treatments at the same time. For controls, roots with CdSO
4
(250 ppm) and distilled water served as positive and negative control, respectively. The results showed that the methanol and ethanol extracts of fenugreek modulated the genotoxic and clastogenic aberrations, which were induced by CdSO
4
. The protection activity of MTG (1%) was 50% in the first treatment, 70% in the second treatment and 82% in the third treatment and 61%, 68% and 88% of ETG (1%), respectively. DNA rearrangements were also observed by revealing new RAPD bands in the total DNS samples isolated from
Allium
roots after treatmenst.
PDF
