En este artículo discutimos el hallazgo de una importante muestra de cerámica del estilo Topará excavada sistemáticamente en el sitio de Pozuelo, valle bajo de Chincha, Perú. Nuestro análisis ...ceramográfico permite identificar sus características tipológicas y decorativas. Con toda esta información ceramográfica y contextual explicamos la presencia de este estilo en el sitio de Pozuelo, su dispersión en el Valle de Chincha y, finalmente, ofrecemos algunas reflexiones sobre su aparición en la Costa Sur del Perú prehispánico.
The archaeological sites are believed to be the reflection of people heritage, cultural and civilizational achievements. As they are the places that has proven its authenticity in resisting the ...forces of change. It is also the visual reference to the distinctive architectural character of these societies. The archaeological sites in Egypt are formed of different levels as a result of the architectural and cultural heritage stock, which starting from ancient Egyptian architecture, passing through Greek and Roman ages, and ending by Islamic architecture. Starting from Amr ibn al-Ass Mosque and the buildings of Amawy, Toulon, Akchidi, Fatimi, Ayyuby, Mamluk and Othmanly, and then the architecture of the Egyptian renaissance of "Muhammad Ali Pasha" mixed with European influence. Thus, necessitates promoting and engaging of all these, as an innovative and effective tool in the architectural and creative urban expansion. In the second half of the 20th century, there were many trends which demanded for the preservation, upgrading and investment of archaeological sites and identifying the negative impacts causing their deterioration, as a result of the lack of awareness, neglect, encroachments and chaos between buildings and the surrounding environment. Archaeological sites are located in a vibrant and urban environment, which creates a kind of interaction between those ranges and mutual influence. Hence, this research aims to propose a variety of sustainable design solutions for the urbanisation of archaeological sites that fosters growth and investment of it culturally, economically, and socially.
Resumen: Luis Alberto Borrero cambió la forma en que se generaba conocimiento arqueológico en la Patagonia y Tierra del Fuego (y más allá también). La interrelación entre la arqueología ...distribucional y la tafonomía regional -dos programas de investigación introducidos por él hace 30 años- resalta la importancia de tres unidades analíticas: la región, el artefacto y el elemento (óseo). Esta es la estructura, junto con una epistemología falsacionista, para formular preguntas amplias relacionadas principalmente con el uso del paisaje por parte de poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras a lo largo del Holoceno. Sobre la base de este legado se presenta un caso de estudio de los campos de invernada de la margen norte del Lago Viedma. Se integran los resultados de las distribuciones de artefactos con los de la tafonomía de guanacos (Lama guanicoe) y se dan a conocer nuevas cronologías radiocarbónicas que enmarcan el análisis de la fauna de sitios arqueológicos ubicados en hoyadas de deflación en médanos de la costa. La identificación de condiciones ambientales y arqueológicas semejantes a las propuestas por Borrero en 1988 en el Modelo de Pisoteo de guanacos para Tierra del Fuego, muestra la relevancia para su aplicación a la región del lago Viedma.
The complexity of these settlements is "mind blowing", says team member Heiko Prümers, an archaeologist at the German Archaeological Institute, headquartered in Berlin. Some researchers suggested2 ...that unusually high concentrations of domesticated plants, along with patches of unusually nutrient-rich soil that could have been created by people, might indicate that ancient Amazonians had shaped their environment. Present-day logging and farming in the Amazon Basin are almost certainly destroying important archaeological sites that have yet to be discovered, he says, but a growing interest in Amazonian archaeology could lead to the protection of vulnerable places.
The Told and Untold Mo, Jiajing
South Asian studies (Society for South Asian Studies),
05/2023, Letnik:
39, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Believed to be an eye-witnessed report by Xuanzang 玄奘 (c.602–664 CE), the Datang Xiyu ji has long been held up in the western scholarship as a handy guide for the historical geography of South Asia ...and a standard source for identifying archaeological sites since the pioneer archaeologist Alexander Cunningham (1814–1893). Strangely, over a century of using the Xiyu ji has generated little critical awareness among archaeologists who have too often taken the text for face values. Indeed, an examination of the text will demonstrate that not all the description from the text is firsthand, at least so for around one-fifth of the countries not visited by Xuanzang. Yet it does not mean that Xuanzang is to be blamed. The production of the Xiyu ji was more complex than that of a general travelling record, which associates the text to the genre of official geographical writing. It was brought into being in response to an expanding empire. The edited ‘itinerary’ and the incorporation of secondary sources thus pose outstanding questions for researchers who might assume that they were following the steps of the pilgrim and urge us to reconsider the current conception of and approach to this document.
En este trabajo se presentan las relaciones contextuales en las que se hallaron determinadas rocas intervenidas en Mortero Quebrado, un asentamiento aldeano del primer milenio de la Era cristiana en ...la vertiente oriental de las Cumbres Calchaquíes (en el noroeste de la provincia de Tucumán, República Argentina). En las tareas de relevamiento y excavaciones realizadas en tres de las siete unidades residenciales que conforman el asentamiento se han recuperado 16 bloques líticos con distintos tipos de intervenciones, en diversas situaciones contextuales y etapas de su trayectoria. Este caso posibilita aportar al conocimiento sobre los vínculos entre estas piezas y la vida doméstica, y discutir la participación activa de las mismas en la configuración de las estructuras sociales que dieron forma a las sociedades aldeanas tempranas.
Zusammenfassung
Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrages steht eine Analyse zur Chronologie und Periodisierung der Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Kultur. Für die Bestattungen dieser Kultur lassen sich vier ...Entwicklungsphasen mittels Artefaktvergesellschaftung in den Grabinventaren isolierter Gräberfelder erkennen. Obwohl sich chronologisch relevantes Material leider nur selten in den Siedlungen des Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Typs nachweisen lässt, erarbeitete Verfasser eine Chronologie für unterschiedliche Lebensräume. Vier Phasen konnten durch die Verknüpfungen von Bestattungs- und Siedlungsfunden des Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Typs erkannt werden. Eine Synchronisierung dieser Phasen mit den mitteleuropäischen Stufen LT C1b, LT C2, LT D1 und LT D2 sowie mit den Stufen a–d der jüngeren vorrömischen Eisenzeit nach R. Hachmann ist möglich, absolutchronologisch umfasst dies einen Zeitraum vom Ende des 3. Jahrhunderts bis zum letzten Viertel des 1. vorchristlichen Jahrhunderts.
The Eneolithic Botai culture of the Central Asian steppes provides the earliest archaeological evidence for horse husbandry, ~5500 years ago, but the exact nature of early horse domestication remains ...controversial. We generated 42 ancient-horse genomes, including 20 from Botai. Compared to 46 published ancient- and modern-horse genomes, our data indicate that Przewalski's horses are the feral descendants of horses herded at Botai and not truly wild horses. All domestic horses dated from ~4000 years ago to present only show ~2.7% of Botai-related ancestry. This indicates that a massive genomic turnover underpins the expansion of the horse stock that gave rise to modern domesticates, which coincides with large-scale human population expansions during the Early Bronze Age.
On the origin of modern humans Bae, Christopher J.; Douka, Katerina; Petraglia, Michael D.
Science,
12/2017, Letnik:
358, Številka:
6368
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The traditional "out of Africa" model, which posits a dispersal of modern
across Eurasia as a single wave at ~60,000 years ago and the subsequent replacement of all indigenous populations, is in need ...of revision. Recent discoveries from archaeology, hominin paleontology, geochronology, genetics, and paleoenvironmental studies have contributed to a better understanding of the Late Pleistocene record in Asia. Important findings highlighted here include growing evidence for multiple dispersals predating 60,000 years ago in regions such as southern and eastern Asia. Modern humans moving into Asia met Neandertals, Denisovans, mid-Pleistocene
, and possibly
, with some degree of interbreeding occurring. These early human dispersals, which left at least some genetic traces in modern populations, indicate that later replacements were not wholesale.
In the last few decades, the field of ancient DNA has taken a new direction towards using sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) for studying human and mammalian population dynamics as well as past ...ecosystems. However, the screening of numerous sediment samples from archaeological sites remains a time-consuming and costly endeavor, particularly when targeting hominin DNA. Here, we present a novel high-throughput method that facilitates the fast and efficient analysis of sediment samples by applying a pooled testing approach. This method combines multiple extracts, enabling early parallelization of laboratory procedures and effective aDNA screening. Pooled samples with detectable aDNA signals undergo detailed analysis, while empty pools are discarded. We have successfully applied our method to multiple sediment samples from Middle and Upper Paleolithic sites in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Notably, our results reveal that an aDNA signal remains discernible even when pooled with four negative samples. We also demonstrate that the DNA yield of double-stranded libraries increases significantly when reducing the extract input, potentially mitigating the effects of inhibition. By embracing this innovative approach, researchers can analyze large numbers of sediment samples for aDNA preservation, achieving significant cost reductions of up to 70% and reducing hands-on laboratory time to one-fifth.
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