•Papers, used for conservation, were selected for evaluation strength and bonding.•FTIR ESEM and other properties were evaluated to establish structure and property.•This study can be helpful for ...degradation behavior of ancient cellulose materials.
The mechanical strength of cellulose is related to its fibre-to-fibre bonding ability within the structural moiety. The present work summarises the strength of the representative handmade papers of high and low grams per square meter (GSM) value currently used in the conservation of archival material by assess their fibre network, morphology, elemental composition and bonding ability within the cellulose network. The bonding ability of thee handmade papers has been studied using fourier-transforminfraredspectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum and further study of these spectra between bonded and free OH group within the OH stretching vibrational region. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding ability for Nepalese tissue paper is 2.14 and intramolecular hydrogen bonding is 1.66. The hydrogen bond energy of these papers were between 13 kJ and 29 kJ, calculated on the basis of H-bonding behaviour. The morphology provides flat and sheet-like layers in the networking structure studied with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and mapping was done for each element. Carbon and Oxygen are the major elements associated in these papers whereas Ca, Cl, Si, Mg, Na, S and Al are present as minor elements in these papers. Results of both the covalent bonding ability and morphology are well correlated.
The Sudan-Black-B (SBB) histochemical stain is well known to specifically react against lipofuscin, an aggregate of oxidized proteins, lipids, and metals. Lipofuscin is related to many ageing ...processes. It is also known to accumulate in senescent cells. We recently proved that lipofuscin detection, when applying the SBB staining, is highly specific for the visualization of senescent cells. Here, we present in detail this SBB method that can detect senescent cells in any material, irrespective of its preparation. This provides unique advantages not only in understanding physiological processes and the pathophysiology of various diseases but also in estimating the response to therapeutic interventions.
Effects of γ-ray treatment on paper Coppola, Floriana; Fiorillo, Flavia; Modelli, Alberto ...
Polymer degradation and stability,
April 2018, 2018-04-00, Letnik:
150
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The effects of γ-irradiation and thermal drying treatments at an industrial level, and accelerated ageing on the properties of pure cellulose paper are investigated with a multi-disciplinary ...approach. Viscometry is used for measuring the degree of polymerisation, visible reflectance spectroscopy for colour changes, tensile strength and tearing resistance tests for mechanical properties, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy for possible chemical or physical modifications of the surface. The results indicate that γ-rays (5 and 10 kGy) cause a sizeable reduction of the degree of polymerisation, but only small colour changes, while larger effects on the colour are caused by the synergetic effect of ageing. In spite of the large degree of polymerisation decrease, γ-irradiation is found to only slightly affect the mechanical properties, as well as thermal and ageing treatments. No clear evidence for changes in the FTIR spectral features due to the treatments employed is found.
•Effects of γ-irradiation on paper are studied with a multi-disciplinary approach.•Effects of additional thermal and ageing treatments are also evaluated.•Irradiation causes a sizeable decrease of the degree of polymerisation.•Irradiation alters only slightly mechanical and physical properties of paper.•A 5 kGy dose, sufficient for effective bio-disinfection, causes acceptable damages.
A pioneer in the study of Islamic architecture, Henry Viollet (1880-1955) travelled from Egypt to Central Asia between 1904 and 1913. From his missions, the French architect and archaeologist brought ...back more than 4,500 written and photographic documents, today kept at the Bibliothèque universitaire des langues et civilisations orientales in Paris. These archives document Viollet’s excavations at Samarra and his surveys of Islamic monuments, particularly in Iraq and Iran. In 2021-2022 a scientific project funded by the GIS CollEx-Persée and co-partnered with BULAC and CeRMI has been set up to study part of the iconographic materials stored in these archives (EpiPOM project). In the frame of this project, an international conference was organized in Paris on 23 June 2022 to bring together a network of researchers in the arts of Islam into a collaborative study of this partly undisclosed archival material.
There are still many blank pages in the history of Tver regional studies, especially in that related to the early 20th century. In order to minimize them, the letters of the outstanding Tver local ...history expert Ivan A. Ivanov (1850–1927), the chairman of the Tver Provincial Scientific Archival Commission (1899–1918), are introduced into scientific circulation. They were written in 1923–24 and are addressed to Academician Sergei F. Platonov, whom the author met in 1897. The warm relations between these people were maintained for almost 30 subsequent years. S. Platonov took an active part in organizing and conducting significant historical and educational events initiated by the Tver Commission. The published letters are the only source of information about the almost unknown period in the life of I. Ivanov after he left Tver in September 1918 and about his active scientific research during this period. The content of the correspondence makes it possible to recreate an accurate picture of the daily life of a former high-ranking official who found himself in completely new life conditions caused by the changes in political situation. The ways of overcoming everyday difficulties, such as lack of accommodation, food and basic necessities, are indicated. Despite all hardship, insecurity, and concern for his children, I. Ivanov remained in need of active intellectual activity. His relatives (wife and children), new acquaintances, and communication with fellow villagers helped him in that. Some prestigious scientific institutions with which I. Ivanov established close ties, for example, the Russian Museum, showed interest in his selfless work.
Textbook of Americanism 2.0 Parille, Neil
The journal of Ayn Rand studies,
06/2020, Letnik:
20, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A New Textbook of Americanism includes Ayn Rand's previously uncompleted question-and-answer Textbook of Americanism, answers to questions she left unanswered written by contemporary Objectivist ...thinkers, excerpts from Rand's previously unpublished “Workshop on Ethics and Politics,” and new and previously published essays by Objectivist writers. The book's most important section is the excerpt from her Workshop in which Rand discusses topics that were seldom or never addressed in her published works.
The Herzegovina uprising in 1882, as the uprisings that preceded it, represent a specific period in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Numerous studies were conducted to clarify this topic and ...the significance of the Herzegovinian uprising for the entire Bosnian society and its position in world trends. We can find sources on this topic in heritage institutions throughout the country and outside its borders. This work aims to present the results of research and unification of materials from the legacy of Hamdija Kapidžić and documents about the Herzegovina Uprising in the funds of the NULB&H, Archive of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the funds of Austrian libraries and archives. The material is presented through a bibliography with accompanying registers and will serve as a starting point for all researchers and users dealing with this topic. At the same time, it will bring a significant overview of this part of our history.
Amália Sirotková’s collection Jana Piroščáková
Slovenská literatúra,
07/2023, Letnik:
70, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The paper is devoted to the collection of Amália Sirotková (1813 – 1892) – the oldest known Slovak woman storyteller. Part of her manuscript collection from the 1850s has been preserved thanks to the ...estate of Pavel Dobšinský (1828 – 1885) who prepared two of her tales for publication in his edition Prostonárodné slovenské povesti (Slovak folk tales, 1880, 1882). The preserved notebooks are probably a fragment of a larger collection, but the extent of the manuscript remains unknown. “Povesti od Amálie Sirotkovej Tales by Amália Sirotková” archive stored in the Literary archive of the Slovak National Library in Martin contains three notebooks by A. Sirotková and one notebook written by another person and probably unrelated to A. Sirotková’s collection. The first part of the article reflects on the question of authorship and the extent of the collection. The second part of the papee reconstructs the origin of the collection and outlines the possible ways in which the manuscript of A. Sirotková’s might have reached P. Dobšinský. The aim is not to reflect on the language, spelling, style, or genre of A. Sirotková’s tales, but on the contexts of the collection with regard to parallel manuscript sources and the way it was used by editors of fairy tale books in the 19th century. The third part of the paper deals with this issue in more detail.
GDPR: an impediment to research? Clarke, Niamh; Vale, Gillian; Reeves, Emer P. ...
Irish journal of medical science,
11/2019, Letnik:
188, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Background
The recent introduction of the General Data Protection Regulation and Health Research Regulations has been an area of significant concern for those engaged in clinical research. These ...European regulations, following subsequent interpretation by Ireland’s Department of Health, now place Ireland in a unique position which differs substantially from other European countries and may prove a significant impediment to Irish clinical research, depriving Irish patients of timely access to potentially life-saving treatments and making Ireland less attractive to pharmaceutical companies engaged in this area. At the very least, the regulations, as applied in Ireland, will place a significant extra burden of work on Ireland’s clinical researchers and at their worst will force individuals and institutions out of the clinical research field, which will result in significant loss to the Irish knowledge economy and lead to the detriment of patient care.
Aim
In this article, we explore what exactly is proposed by Europe’s GDPR and by Ireland’s Health Research Regulations. We look at the challenges presented to clinical researchers, and we highlight those areas, which need clarification by the Department of Health and by the Data Protection Commissioner.
Conclusions
We propose five recommendations, which would ameliorate some of the more restrictive impositions of these regulations. This review was commissioned by the Irish Academy of Medical Science.
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