In recent years, China has dramatically scaled up its response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Key steps include the establishment of HIV prevention and control as a priority in the 11th National Five-Year ...Development Plan (2006-2010), the development of a comprehensive policy framework for HIV/AIDS prevention treatment and care (reflected in the Five-Year action Plan to Control HIV/AIDS 2006-2010), and in March 2006, the issuance of the first legislation directly aimed at controlling HIV/AIDS (Regulations on AIDS prevention and treatment., Decree of the State Council No. 457). Under this framework, China has implemented a number of innovative harm reduction and prevention interventions and significantly strengthened its epidemiological and behavioral surveillance system. In addition, the government has launched a major treatment, care and support initiative (the Four Free and One Care) for poor rural and urban patients. These measures have been accompanied by firm demonstrations of commitment to fighting AIDS by key Chinese leaders.
Continuing a long Kyrgyz tradition, the livestock sector is one of the strongest components of the rural economy. The sector contributes substantially to the national economy by providing high value ...food, income, employment and foreign exchange. There are also significant indirect benefits which include reduced risks to human health, more sustainable use of arable land and pastures, access to lucrative markets and the possibility to add value to livestock products. The processing and marketing of livestock products are also attractive to women. Available evidence suggests that recent growth in the value of sector output was due mostly to a strong increase in producer prices and only a small increase in productivity - despite the ample scope for growth of the latter. Productivity levels are low - number of calves/lambs born per 100 cows/ewes, milk yields, wool output and animal growth rates fall well short of genetic potential of the current mix of animal breeds and international industry standards. Current levels of animal productivity are low - due to poor nutrition, the high incidence of diseases, heavy affliction with parasites, and poor animal and farm management.
It is now recognized that invasive alien species (IAS) pose a major threat to agricultural and natural ecosystems, and to human health and livelihoods. These non-native species, which are ...accidentally or intentionally introduced into new areas, range from microbes to mammals. This report examines the precise origins of many existing IAS problems, particularly in the developing world, which remain poorly understood. This complicates assessments of the relative importance of different vectors and pathways for IAS introductions, and the prediction of future risks. International assistance programs can facilitate both deliberate, and unintentional IAS introductions. Such misjudgments and accidents are costly; indeed, their negative effects may be far greater, and more long-lasting than the positive impacts of the aid programs from which they arose. It is thus suggested that knowing how, and from where, IAS are being introduced are important first steps in the development of effective prevention and early detection schemes. An urgent, and fuller, assessment is needed on the nature and severity of IAS threats associated with international assistance programs. Particular attention needs to be paid to vectors and pathways of movement. Part of the focus should be on case studies, in order to elucidate more fully constraints in relation to existing prevention schemes. Nonetheless, some actions should be considered in advance, including awareness raising to aid agencies, and promoting the development of voluntary codes of conduct, and risk assessments.
Zambia is among countries with high HIV/AIDS prevalence, 16 percent among adult population aged 15 to 49 years. Prevalence among urban population is twice that of rural dwellers, 23 percent for urban ...and 11 percent for rural residents. Like other African countries, youth and women are the groups highly infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. As part of the scaling up effort, the World Bank (WB) commissioned a local consultant to undertake this exercise, focusing mainly on the capacity building needs of youth-serving organizations, civil society organizations, including youth organizations, sectoral ministries working on youth-focused HIV/AIDS initiatives. In this exercise young people and youth organizations were targeted as key sources of information. Specifically, the objectives of the assessment are: a) assess the current state of programming for youth-focused HIV activities in the country; b) determine the level of funding for youth-focused activities and effectiveness of youth-focused activities within the Multi-Country HIV/AIDS Programs (MAP) and other major HIV programs; c) identify factors that may foster or hinder attention to youth in the MAP and other HIV interventions; d) define priority capacity building needs among Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) working mainly on youth-focused HIV/AIDS interventions; and e) identify potential implementing partners who will carry out capacity building activities. There is increasing recognition of the devastating effects of HIV/AIDS among youths and for this reason, there is growing consensus that youths must be made key players and equal participants in the fight against the pandemic. National policies and programmes are now paying attention to and recognising the critical role of youths in the national response to the HIV/AIDS situation.
This document presents the rationale for addressing HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region (including Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, ...Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, the West Bank and Gaza, and Yemen), and the Bank's strategic choices in supporting countries to prevent the spread of the disease. As one of the shocks that can drive households into abject poverty, HIV/AIDS has the potential to impede, and even reverse, development if not addressed early enough. Prevalence levels in the MENA region are low, compared to other areas, but recent evidence indicates that infection rates are increasing. Greater investments to improve HIV/AIDS advocacy, develop an information base, and implement prevention strategies among high-risk groups are needed, before prevalence levels reach epidemic proportions. Through investments in these areas, the region can avoid the increase in human suffering a widespread epidemic could bring, and preserve the benefits of national and regional development investments put in place by governments, and development partners. This regional strategy clarifies the role of the Bank in confronting the epidemic, based on a review of regional and national needs, and responses to those needs, as well as the areas in which the Bank is best positioned to support countries' efforts.
This strategy paper delineates IFAD's role in helping to stem the spread of the epidemic and in addressing its effects on the rural poor and on agricultural and rural development. It describes the ...approach the Fund will use to achieve these objectives:adapting existing agricultural and rural development strategies and programmes to the challenges of HIV/AIDSintroducing new components that address HIV/AIDS-specific concernsFive key areas of IFAD's response to the epidemic are examined:HIV/AIDS information, education and communication programmespoverty alleviation and livelihood security programmesfood security and nutrition-related innovationssocio-economic safety nets,with special emphasis on support to orphans and households fostering orphansintegrated HIV/AIDS workplace programmes for IFAD-supported projectsThe paper underscores that:breaking down the stigma of HIV/AIDS must be a key objective of all responses to the epidemicHIV/AIDS must be incorporated in project cycles from design to implementationstrategic partnerships with national bodies and networks, bilateral donors, other United Nations agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are neededThe paper then lists a number of measures IFAD can take to address the issue of HIV/AIDS at the project, country and headquarters level. These include:at project level, brief consultancies can help assess the impact HIV/AIDS; enable HIV/AIDS mainstreaming; specify operational and procedural adjustments needed to address the impact of AIDS on project staff and target groups; and identify key entry points for the integration of HIV/AIDS in ongoing interventionsat country level, workshops can be held bringing together staff from IFAD-supported projects to brainstorm on the impact of HIV/AIDS on projects and establish a networking mechanism to ensure information and experience exchangeat headquarters level, proposed measures include: raising awareness of IFAD staff on the links between HIV/AIDS and the Fund's technical workcapacity development to build HIV/AIDS in project design,implementation, monitoring and evaluationraising awareness of cooperating institutions staff (UNOPS, ADB, WB) and cofinancing partners of the developmental effects of HIV/AIDSestablishing a database on HIV/AIDS and rural development
Like the 2003 Fifth World Parks Congress in Durban, South Africa, this publication is structured around themes and issues on the cutting edge of research, policy, and practice in the field of ...protected areas. It highlights contributions by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and presents its perspectives for the future. This publication comprises of the following topics : Tribute to Africa; A Historic Role for Protected Areas; Protected Areas and The GEF; Links to Land and Sea; Protected Areas In the Mainstream; New Ways of Working Together; Developing the Capacity to Manage; Maintaining Protecting Areas Now and In the Future; Building A Secure Financial Future; Constructing Comprehensive Protected Area Systems; Looking Forward: Let Earth Last.
Content description: A studio photo taken for the publication “The Advisor Kitchen.” Subtitle: Design service, advice - Practical knowledge for home builders and renovators of their own kitchen. ...Publisher: Industrial kitchen advice.
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sisällön kuvaus: Neuvokas keittiö -julkaisua varten otettu studiokuva. Alaotsikko: Suunnittelupalvelua, neuvontaa - Käytännön tietoutta kodin rakentajille ja oman keittiön kunnostajille. Julkaisija: Teollisuuden keittiöneuvonta.
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sisällön kuvaus: Neuvokas keittiö -julkaisua varten otettu studiokuva. Alaotsikko: Suunnittelupalvelua, neuvontaa - Käytännön tietoutta kodin rakentajille ja oman keittiön kunnostajille. Julkaisija: ...Teollisuuden keittiöneuvonta.
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Content description: A studio photo taken for the publication “The Advisor Kitchen.” Subtitle: Design service, advice - Practical knowledge for home builders and renovators of their own kitchen. Publisher: Industrial kitchen advice.
colored
Content description: A studio photo taken for the publication “The Advisor Kitchen.” Subtitle: Design service, advice - Practical knowledge for home builders and renovators of their own kitchen. ...Publisher: Industrial kitchen advice.
colored
sisällön kuvaus: Neuvokas keittiö -julkaisua varten otettu studiokuva. Alaotsikko: Suunnittelupalvelua, neuvontaa - Käytännön tietoutta kodin rakentajille ja oman keittiön kunnostajille. Julkaisija: Teollisuuden keittiöneuvonta.
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