The distinguished sociologist Richard Sennett surveys major differences between earlier forms of industrial capitalism and the more global, more febrile, ever more mutable version of capitalism that ...is taking its place. He shows how these changes affect everyday life-how the work ethic is changing; how new beliefs about merit and talent displace old values of craftsmanship and achievement; how what Sennett calls "the specter of uselessness" haunts professionals as well as manual workers; how the boundary between consumption and politics is dissolving.
In recent years, reformers of both private and public institutions have preached that flexible, global corporations provide a model of freedom for individuals, unlike the experience of fixed and static bureaucracies Max Weber once called an "iron cage." Sennett argues that, in banishing old ills, the new-economy model has created new social and emotional traumas. Only a certain kind of human being can prosper in unstable, fragmentary institutions: the culture of the new capitalism demands an ideal self oriented to the short term, focused on potential ability rather than accomplishment, willing to discount or abandon past experience. In a concluding section, Sennett examines a more durable form of self hood, and what practical initiatives could counter the pernicious effects of "reform."
Istraživanje predstavlja teorijsku i empirijsku analizu birokratskih i ne-birokratskih alata za rješavanje problema u organizacijama koje se smatraju kompleksnim adaptivnim sustavima. Polazeći od ...Stacyine teorije kreativne kompleksnosti, osmislili smo istraživački okvir sastavljen od pet indikatora (dimenzija): dezintegracija, nepravilnost, nestabilnost, disrupcija te devijacija (svaki od indikatora dalje je operacionaliziran u šest pitanja u upitniku). Imajući na umu istraživačku hipotezu, analizirali smo sklonost donošenju odluka slijeđenjem birokratske logike (linearnoga okruženja) s jedne strane, te logike kreativne kompleksnosti s druge. Razina sklonosti analizirana je u usporedbi s učinkovitošću rješavanja problema korištenjem metode ponovljene mjere MANOVA – (intersubjektivni faktor – UČINAK: 1. uspješan, 2. neuspješan). Sudionici istraživanja bila su 743 zaposlenika različitih organizacija. U istraživanju je korištena metoda upitnika K-T-1. Rezultati analize pokazali su da se stupanj uspjeha u rješavanju problema značajno razlikuje u tri dimenzije: nepravilnost, nestabilnost i devijacija. Veća sklonost kreativnoj kompleksnosti pronađena je u dvije dimenzije: devijacija i pravilnost. Veći uspjeh u rješavanju problema slijedeći birokratsku logiku pronađen je u dimenziji nestabilnost.
Over the last few decades, economists and psychologists have quietly documented the many ways in which a person's IQ matters. But, research suggests that a nation's IQ matters so much more.As Garett ...Jones argues in Hive Mind, modest differences in national IQ can explain most cross-country inequalities. Whereas IQ scores do a moderately good job of predicting individual wages, information processing power, and brain size, a country's average score is a much stronger bellwether of its overall prosperity. Drawing on an expansive array of research from psychology, economics, management, and political science, Jones argues that intelligence and cognitive skill are significantly more important on a national level than on an individual one because they have "positive spillovers." On average, people who do better on standardized tests are more patient, more cooperative, and have better memories. As a result, these qualities—and others necessary to take on the complexity of a modern economy—become more prevalent in a society as national test scores rise. What's more, when we are surrounded by slightly more patient, informed, and cooperative neighbors we take on these qualities a bit more ourselves. In other words, the worker bees in every nation create a "hive mind" with a power all its own. Once the hive is established, each individual has only a tiny impact on his or her own life. Jones makes the case that, through better nutrition and schooling, we can raise IQ, thereby fostering higher savings rates, more productive teams, and more effective bureaucracies. After demonstrating how test scores that matter little for individuals can mean a world of difference for nations, the book leaves readers with policy- oriented conclusions and hopeful speculation: Whether we lift up the bottom through changing the nature of work, institutional improvements, or freer immigration, it is possible that this period of massive global inequality will be a short season by the standards of human history if we raise our global IQ.
Zusammenfassung Um auch die unbeabsichtigten Folgen ihrer Politik zu ermitteln, unternehmen Regierungen umfassende Gesetzesfolgenabschätzungen. Immer häufiger lassen sie sich dabei von unabhängigen ...Expertengremien kontrollieren. Doch: Wie erzielen diese Gremien Einfluss? Und welche Rolle spielen sie als Politikberater für Bürokratieabbau und bessere Rechtsetzung? Das Buch eröffnet neue Einblicke in die Entwicklungshistorie und Handlungsrealität der drei erfahrensten Normenkontrollräte in Europa. Vor dem Hintergrund unterschiedlicher Verwaltungskulturen werden die Ratstypen „Wachhund“, „Torwächter“ und „Kritischer Freund“ herausgearbeitet. Die Ergebnisse schärfen die politische und wissenschaftliche Debatte um die Leistungsfähigkeit von Normenkontrollräten. Abstract In order to calculate the unintended consequences of their policies, governments conduct comprehensive assessments of the impact of legislation. In doing so, they have independent expert committees monitor them on an increasingly frequent basis. However, in what ways do these committees have an influence in this respect? And what role do they play as policy advisors in terms of dismantling bureaucracy and better legislation? This book provides new insights into the history of the development of the three most experienced supervisory bodies in Europe and the reality of how they conduct themselves. Against the backdrop of various administrative cultures, the book presents the following types of supervisory committees in detail: ‘watchdog’, ‘gatekeeper’ and ‘critical friend’. Its findings intensify the political and academic debate on the performance and efficiency of supervisory bodies.
Avtor želi v tem prispevku ugotoviti razlike v odnosu do inovativnosti med birokratskimi in nebirokratskimi hotelskimi organizacijami. Kot birokratske organizacije označi tiste, ki so uvedle ...standarde. Ločeno želi ugotoviti še, ali birokratske organizacije zaposlujejo bolj izobraženo delovno silo ali ne. V ta namen najprej opredeli osnovno terminologijo: hotelirstvo, inovativnost, birokracija in znanje na splošno ter v turizmu in hotelirstvu. Poudari, da se tudi vlada zaveda pomena inovativnosti v hotelirstvu (turizmu), zato izvaja številne ukrepe. V empiričnem delu s statističnimi metodami, kot sta deskriptivna analiza in Bonferronijev test, ugotovi, da statistično značilnih razlik med birokratskimi in nebirokratskimi hotelskimi organizacijami ni. To velja tako za inovativnost kot za izobrazbo zaposlenih. S tem avtor na podlagi znanstvenih metod ovrže pogosto napačno mnenje o vplivu birokracije na inovativnost.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Extended description:
<!--if gte mso 10>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
...mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
<!endif-->
Naslednji prosim... Prav gotovo ste že velikokrat slišali ta poziv, ki oznanja, da se začenja pomembna in - dolgotrajna procedura. Začne se namreč pisanje formularjev, prijavnic, napotnic, pa vseh drugih vsemogočih papirjev. Kako to zgleda, lahko vidite sami. Bolniške sestre morajo biti vsekakor zelo dobre uradnice, saj ni niti najmanj enostavno, voditi kartoteko in evidenco, pa pisati in izpolnjevati in... še dosti je teh in teh... Zunaj, v čakalnici,pa čakajo ljudje... No, to naj bo le bežen pogled v katerikoli zdravstveni dom. Kaj več o tem pa bo povedal naš stalni sodelavec, zdravnik, dr. Milan Hodalič, upravnik zdravstvenega doma Vič.
Čakalnica v Zdravstvenem domu, čakalnica - polna, sprejemna pisarna, urejanje papirjev, kartotek itd.- Information:- This is one of the waiting rooms in a Slovene day clinic. Time: yesterday, today or tomorrow. Unfortunately, diseases are always rife. Red tape in a day clinic (Vič Day Clinic)- Original language summary:
Pogled v eno od čakalnic naših zdravstvenih domov. Čas: včeraj, danes ali jutri, saj bolezni – na žalost – nikdar ne manjka. Birokracija v zdravstvenem domu (Zdravstveni dom Vič Ljubljana).- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
A critical-conceptual analysis of different approaches to bureaucracy, published as part of the Concepts in Social Thought series (Frank Parkin, series editor) & presented in 3 Chpts with a Preface & ...an Introduction. It is argued that a coherent & adequate definition of bureaucracy can be attained only via critical analysis of different approaches. The strategy of investigation depends on the term being contrasted in each definition & the perspective & problems that this contrast is designed to address. (1) Models of Bureaucracy -- considers definitions of bureaucracy in a historical context, derived from the sociology of organization & the work of Max Weber, the discipline of public administration, & studies in political economy. These academic definitions are essentially those of the manager or administrator transposed into a context of academic enquiry. (2) Theories of Bureaucratic Power -- moves beyond the issues of bureaucratic functioning & efficiency to an analysis of power during the twentieth century, adopting the perspective of historical sociology to consider two main competing paradigms of historical sociology: Weberian political sociology, which locates bureaucracy at the center of the modernization process; & Marxist political economy, which locates it in a theory of capitalist development & defines it as the form of administration characteristic of a class-divided society. (3) Bureaucracy and Democratic Theory -- presents a critical synthesis of these different accounts of bureaucracy within a philosophical mode of discourse, offered from the standpoint of a democratic theory that requires an understanding of both bureaucratic operation & the conditions of administrative efficiency. To construct an adequate theory of bureaucracy is: to situate its various definitions within the context of particular social sciences & to identify their interrelationships; to engage with the main competing perspectives or paradigms of historical sociology & political theory; & to understand the relation of these in turn to the outlook & practical interests of major social groupings. 126 References. M. Crowdes
Racionalizacija je jedno od ključnih obilježja modernog društva. Teoriju racionalizacije formulirao je Max Weber, definirajući je kao vladanje stvarima putem proračuna. Paradigmatski primjer ...racionalizacije za njega je bila birokracija. George Ritzer iznosi suvremenu interpretaciju racionalizacijske teorije, koju prema usporedbi s funkcioniranjem fast-food restorana naziva mekdonaldizacija. Weber je smatrao da je racionalizacija neizbježan proces, a njezino širenje nezaustavljivo. Pribojavao se „željeznog kaveza racionalizacije“ iz kojeg će biti nemoguće pobjeći. Ritzer taj kavez svodi na razinu osobnog doživljaja, koji može biti različit. Cilj ovog rada bio je pronaći primjere koji ukazuju na mogućnost otpora racionalizaciji na kolektivnoj razini, te propitati može li se govoriti o trendu suprotstavljanja racionalizacijskom procesu. Služeći se Ritzerovim dimenzijama mekdonaldizacije – učinkovitost, isplativost, predvidljivost, kontrola – analizirali smo slučajeve Couchsurfinga, Weba 2.0 i eko-sela. Ti primjeri ukazuju na postojanje svijesti o racionalizacijskom procesu te na mogućnost kolekivnog djelovanja u cilju njegove reverzibilnosti. Ipak, oni ne dovode u pitanje sam proces racionalizacije i tendenciju njegovog neumoljivog širenja.
Rad je usmjeren prema procesu donošenja odluka menadžera u odnosu na osnovni model organizacijskog učenja prezentiranog od strane P. Sengea kao sistemskimodel menadžmenta. Empirijsko istraživanje ...provedeno je povezivanjem s ključnim razinama organiziranog učenja: 1. sustavno razmišljanje, 2. osobno usavršavanje, 3. mentalni modeli, 4. grupno učenje, 5. ciljevi i zadaci i 6. dinamični uzroci s jedne strane a s druge strane birokratska logika donošenja odluka koju karakterizira nefunkcionalna stabilnost, nefleksibilnost, individualizam, snaga, autoritet i hijerarhija, centralizacija, fragmentacija i neodređenost. Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati udio menadžereve orijentacije prema donošenju odluka s korištenjem birokratskih alata ili organizirano učenje uspoređujući problemsko i neproblemsko odlučivanje. (MANOVA, metoda ponovljene mjere, intersubjektivni faktor situacija: 1. neproblemska, 2. problemska). Zaključak analize jest da postoje značajne razlike između tipova problemskog i neproblemskog odlučivanja: birokratski atributi donošenja odluka mnogo su intenzivniji u problemskim situacijama, dok je pristup povezan s učenjem mnogo češći kod neproblemskih situacija. Rezultati našeg istraživanja ukazuju na činjenicu da su menadžeri mnogo uspješniji u rješavanju problema koristeći atribute organizacijskog učenja prilikom donošenja odluka.
PDF
