Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is an indicator of the assessment of maternal health programs and the degree of public health. The program launched by the government in an effort to reduce MMR was the ...Maternity Planning and Complications Prevention Program (P4K) which aimed to monitor pregnancies into safe and secure deliveries. In order to accomplish the importance of planning for delivery and preventing the complications, it is necessary to conduct research on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women and the compliance in implementing P4K. The purpose of the study was to analyze the correlation of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women and the compliance of birth planning and complication prevention program (P4K). this research used a cross sectional design with an analytical survey. The research was conducted in Ringinpitu Village from March to October 2020. The population was pregnant women in Ringinpitu Village. The sampling technique used simple random sampling with the total sample of 26 people. The data collection used primary data. The instrument used a questionnaire. The data was processed by Spearmen rank test with correlation analysis. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the knowledge of pregnant women about P4K was in the fair category (42.3%). The attitude of pregnant women about P4K showed a positive attitude (65.4%). The compliance of pregnant women in implementing P4K was (38.5%). There was a correlation between knowledge of pregnant women and P4K compliance (p value = 0.0000) p <0.05 correlation coefficient r = 0.671 which meant there was a strong level of correlation and there was a correlation between the attitude of pregnant women and compliance to P4K (p value = 0.001) p < 0.05 correlation coefficient r = 0.604. Compliance with P4K will greatly help the government in reducing maternal mortality and infant mortality.
For most women, pregnancy and the postpartum period are times of great joy and expectation. However, for women with a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder, there is an exceptionally high risk of ...deterioration in their mental health. There is the real possibility of developing postpartum psychosis, possibly requiring acute psychiatric admission and being separated from their baby. This can have devastating consequences for a woman, her baby, the family and society. Multiple services/disciplines across primary, secondary and tertiary care settings need to work together to enhance outcomes for these women. In Ireland, a relatively new collaborative way of working is emerging, as specialist perinatal mental health teams are developed. This case review aims to illustrate the complexities of and potential in collaborative team working to support a woman with a pre-existing a mental health disorder, and her family, during pregnancy. This was done through a specialist perinatal mental health teams collaboration co-ordinated by a clinical nurse specialist.
We conducted a relational dialectics analysis of 259 Chinese birth planning policy propaganda. We identified a coalition of five discourses animating the texts. We found the coalition created ...conditions of monologic wholeness, characterized by simultaneous dialogic expansion and dialogic contraction. Dialogic expansion promised a utopic, future China in exchange for birth parents' childbirth sacrifices and creation of a generation of superior-quality singleton Chinese children. Dialogic contraction reified superior-quality singletons as irrefutable antecedent for China's modernization. This study holds both academic and practical significance. Academically, this study accelerates family communication's critical theoretical turn, highlights complexities of studying monologue, expands the area's dataset boundaries, and furthers diversity efforts. Practically, this study promises transformation of acontextual Western perspectives on China's birth planning program. The study's non-Western perspective is timely, given increasing momentum within the Chinese transnational adoption birth family search and reunion movement.
Abstract
Background
Recent advances in prenatal screening and diagnosis have resulted in an increasing number of women receiving a diagnosis of fetal anomalies. In this study, we aimed to clarify the ...hopes for childbirth and parenting of women diagnosed with fetal anomalies and to suggest a family-centered care tailored for this situation in perinatal settings.
Methods
A descriptive qualitative study was performed. We recruited women diagnosed with fetal anomalies who were over 22 years old, beyond 22 weeks of gestation, and had scheduled pregnancy and delivery management at a tertiary perinatal medical center specializing in neonatal and pediatric care in a metropolitan area of Japan from April 2019 to December 2019. Women who were willing to participate received support from a midwife to create birth plans. Data were collected from the documented birth plans submitted by 24 women and analyzed using content analysis.
Results
We identified three themes of women’s hopes based on the descriptions of the submitted birth plans: (1) Hopes as women who are expecting childbirth, (2) Hopes as mothers of a baby, (3) Hopes of being involved in the family needs. Several distinctive hopes were clarified in the context of the women’s challenging situations. In describing their hopes, the women were neither overoptimistic or overstated their actual situations, nor caused embarrassment to the healthcare providers. The importance of supporting their involvement in baby matters in the way each family wants also emerged. However, several barriers to fulfilling the women’s hopes were identified including the babies’ conditions and hospital regulations against family visits or presence.
Conclusion
All three themes identified in the study provide important insights for analyzing more deeply ways of implementing a family-centered care for women diagnosed with fetal anomalies in perinatal settings. To improve women’s engagement in decision-making as a team member, women’s hopes should be treated with dignity and respect, and included in the perinatal care of women with abnormal fetuses. Further research is needed to improve the inclusion of women’s hopes in their care in clinical settings.
Trial registration
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: UMIN000033622 (First registration date: 03/08/2018).
Between the late 1970s and 1990s, many indigenous Lisu people in the Nu River Valley, an Eastern Himalayan region of China bordering Myanmar and Tibet, underwent what they referred to as “doing ...medicine”—abortions, vasectomies, and tubal ligations—as part of China's Birth Planning Policy. Lisu, who endured these procedures, struggle with strength loss, nervousness, and pain. Government discourses diminish the Lisu experience, arguing that the policy was lenient toward them. Lisu themselves are reticent to share their experiences but have devised new practices to care for those affected. Drawing on long‐term ethnographic fieldwork, I argue that these chronic illnesses and accompanying care practices constitute everyday forms of remembering through which Lisu give shape to their experiences of cultural loss under Chinese colonization while generating new social relationships. This analysis sheds light on Indigenous experiences of birth planning in China with broader implications for understanding the bureaucratic violence of medicine.
China launched an unprecedented program to control its population in 1971. Experts have dismissed the official estimate of 400 million births averted by this program as greatly exaggerated yet ...neglect to provide their own estimates. Counterfactual projections based on fertility declines in other countries suggest that China's program-averted population numbered 360-520 million as of 2015. The low end of this range is based on Vietnam—China's best national comparator, with a two-child program of its own—and the high end is based on a 16-countiy comparator selected, ironically, by critics of the official estimate. The latter comparator further implies that China's one-child program itself averted a population of 400 million by 2015, three-quarters of the total averted population. All such estimates are projected to double by 2060, due mostly to counterfactual population momentum. These and other findings presented herein affirm the astonishing impact of China's draconian policy choices and challenge the current consensus that rapid socioeconomic progress drove China's fertility well below two children per family. International comparisons of fertility and income suggest instead that China's very low fertility arrived two or three decades too soon. If China had not harshly enforced a norm of 1.5-children during the last quarter century, most mothers would have had two children, one-half birth higher than observed.
Japan has one of the lowest fertility rates of developed countries. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus caused Japan's low fertility rate to further decrease. The purpose of this study was to ...empirically elucidate what family characteristics have suppressed Japanʼs birth rate during the spread of COVID-19 and its relevant prevention measures. This study investigated the effects of the pandemic on birth planning using data from a survey conducted in 2020 with individuals in Japan aged between 25 and 44 years with a spouse and at least one child. Multivariate analysis showed that men with a low annual income and women who are not in the labor force significantly postponed planned births. The higher the percentage of couples sharing housework and childcare was, the higher the motivation for both the husband and wife to have an additional child. These results suggest that the pandemic has particularly suppressed additional planned births of socially disadvantaged households such as low-income households and socially isolated households due to the stay-at-home policy. Under these circumstances, the sharing of housework and childcare by a couple is an important factor that motivates couples to have an additional child.
Approximately 13 million Chinese lack hukou, the formal household registration. This prevents them from claiming full citizenship rights, including social welfare, formal identity documents and ...employment in the state sector. The government blames birth planning policies for the unregistered population, but this explanation ignores the role of internal migration. Because citizenship rights are locally determined and the hukou system is locally managed, migrants face significant barriers to registering their children. This article systematically analyses the political determinants of the unregistered population nationwide. Based on a logit analysis of a sample of 2.5 million children from the 2000 census, I find that children born in violation of the one-child policy do have lower rates of registration and that children born to migrant mothers are four times more likely to be unregistered than registered. Continuing government focus on the effect of birth planning ignores the more fundamental institutional barriers inherent in the hukou system. 中国人口中大约有 1300 万人没有户口，属于户籍制度外人口。户口的缺失意味着权利的缺失。户籍制度外人口无法享受社会福利，无法申办身份证， 也不能在国有部门就业。政府官方对此的解释是违反计划生育政策是户口缺失的首要原因，但是这一解释忽略了流动人口因素的影响。由于公民权利以及户口制度是由当地政府管理， 外来流动人口往往不能给子女在当地上户口。本文对户口缺失的政治决定因素进行了系统的分析研究。根据对 2000 年人口普查中 250 万儿童的样本进行 logit 分析，本文作者发现违计划生育政策的超生儿童的户口登记率偏低。在流动人口儿童中，没有户口儿童是有户口儿童的四倍。在户口缺失这一问题上，政府仅仅对计划生育政策的影响加以关注，而忽略了户口制度本身所固有的制度性障碍。
Attention to reproductive behavior in this work is conditioned by the fact that such processes as the decrease of children born by a woman during her life, the increase of woman age giving birth to a ...first-born, and voluntary abandonment of a baby take place. Often this is due to socio-economic factors, but there is also the population health deterioration. Over the past hundred years, the changes in the birth rate have occurred in Russia, reflecting the transition from the traditional to the new, modern type of reproductive behavior of a significant part of the population. In this regard, attention should be paid to reproductive scenarios and the ways they are implemented in our society. This article discusses the main reproductive practices and the attitude of the Russian Federation residents to them on the basis of studies conducted by well-known centers for the study of public opinion in Russia. The overview of information is grouped into the following units: general information on reproductive behavior, reproductive attitudes, the methods of conception and ART, childbirth regulation.
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