Summary
The number of empirical studies on contemporary career attitudes (e.g., protean and boundaryless career orientation) has grown in volume, and yet our understanding of how these attitudes ...relate to career and job outcomes is rather limited. There are inconsistent findings on these career attitudes and their outcomes. The purpose of this review is to integrate the two core arguments that explain this inconsistency: (1) there is a need for greater construct clarity in the attitudes, and (2) the current career environment has not seen a complete dissolution of the conditions underlying traditional, employer‐centric careers. We begin to develop an integrative conceptual framework to explain the effects of contemporary career attitudes and conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis of these attitude constructs with their outcomes and correlates. Results of the meta‐analysis generally provided support for the explanation that the current career environment is a blend of employer‐ and employee‐centric elements, and the greater conceptual distance a contemporary career attitude dimension has from this blended environment and is towards a more purely employee‐centric environment, the less beneficial it will be to outcomes. Drawing from our findings, we provide a systematic guide highlighting the areas where additional research is needed on the study of contemporary career attitudes.
The protean/boundaryless career concepts refer to people becoming more self-directed and flexible in managing their careers in response to societal shifts in work arrangements. A sizable literature ...has emerged on protean/boundaryless career orientations/preferences (PBCO). Questions remain, however, about the structure of PBCO and whether they predict important criteria. The PBCO literature is largely disconnected from broader individual-level career research, making it unclear how PBCO intersect with career models based on other characteristics. We address these questions by systematically reviewing/meta-analyzing PBCO research. On the basis of 135 demographically/occupationally diverse samples from 35 countries (45,288 individuals), we find no support for traditional distinctions between protean and boundaryless orientations-protean self-directed, protean values-driven, and boundaryless psychological mobility all load onto a single general factor, labeled proactive career orientation, and are only weakly related to boundaryless physical mobility preferences. We also find that PBCO predict career self-management behaviors and career satisfaction but are less related to non-career-focused attitudes, objective success, or physical mobility behavior. PBCO are strongly related to proactivity-related and self-efficacy personality traits. We use these findings to propose an integrative model for how PBCO and other dispositions mutually influence career behavior. We discuss when PBCO may have advantages over broad traits for understanding careers, implications for counseling practice, and directions for future research.
Public Significance Statement
People with a proactive career orientation (taking charge of their careers) report higher career satisfaction and self-management behavior. Much of proactive career orientation's explanatory power is shared with personality traits, but proactive career orientation may be easier to change through counseling interventions than broad traits.
In this research, we validated the French-language version of the Protean and Boundaryless Career Attitudes Scales and then investigated relationships among protean and boundaryless career ...orientations, proactive personality, career adaptability, and career satisfaction. Study 1 results demonstrated acceptable psychometric proprieties for the scales using an innovative translation (N = 49) and verification (N = 228) method. Study 2 answered how and to what extent protean and boundaryless career orientations are related to career satisfaction in a convenient and heterogeneous sample of employees (N = 234) in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Correlational, regression analysis, and structural equation modeling techniques were used to test the hypotheses. Career adaptability mediated the positive relationship between protean and boundaryless career orientations and career satisfaction. These findings highlight the explanatory utility of career adaptability in relationships of protean and boundaryless career orientations to career satisfaction. Future research and career counseling implications also are discussed.
Survey results on the career orientation of Pharmacy students in courses D1A and D2A show that the majority of students want to become consulting pharmacists at pharmacies and pharmaceutical sales ...representatives. The main deciding factor when choosing a job is income level, with most expecting an income after graduation of between 8 and 12 million VND. However, students also face great difficulties in applying for jobs due to lack of experience and limitations in foreign languages and information technology. The skills that students want to receive additional training in are mainly sales, communication and presentation skills. The results also show that most students have determined to develop a job search plan in the near graduation period, only a few do not have plans because they have been arranged by their families or attracted by local policies.
Pandemic Covid-19 and Uncertainty Yunita, Tyna; Nursal, M. Fadhli; Fikri, Adi Wibowo Noor ...
IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development) (Online),
11/2021, Letnik:
4, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Purpose: This study focuses on entrepreneurial intention among students. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence student entrepreneurship interest as a career ...orientation in an uncertain environmental situation.
Design/methodology/approach: The statistical analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) where each is measured using several indicators, how uncertainty affects Career Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intentions. This research was conducted on students of the Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Bhayangkara University, Greater Jakarta. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 300 students using a simple random sampling method.
Findings: The results of this study want to obtain a model that shows that uncertainty affects career orientation and student interest in entrepreneurship.
Research limitations/implications: Future research is expected to explore the factors that influence student entrepreneurial intention and all aspects that encourage student career orientation. Practical implications: By involving more significant respondents in different research units, it is hoped to be used as a reference for knowledge and the basis for educational practitioners in development and decision making.
Originality/value: The uncertainty of the situation is a heavy blow to the business world and the economy in general, especially business actors who are just starting their business. Historically, individuals who undertake the creation of new ventures are considered to have started an entrepreneurial career.
Paper type: Research paper
Drawing upon person–environment fit theory and the importance of employees' career sustainability in Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration within organizations, we propose a moderated mediation ...model to test how and when AI trust is linked to employees' career sustainability. This mechanism posits employee–AI collaboration as a mediator and employees' protean career orientation as a moderator. Two studies were conducted to test the hypothesized model. In Study 1, a 5-item measure was developed to evaluate employee–AI collaboration and tested with a sample of employees working with AI technology. In Study 2, multisource and two-wave data were collected to analyze 447 employee–supervisor dyads. The results indicated that AI trust was positively related to employee-rated well-being and supervisor-rated employee productivity via employee–AI collaboration. In addition, the relationship between AI trust and employee–AI collaboration was stronger for employees with high protean career orientation. We concluded with a discussion of the theoretical contributions and practical implications.
•Employees fit in and benefit from organizations with AI.•AI trust is positively related to employee career sustainability.•Employee-AI collaboration is a proactive behavior to help employees realize career sustainability.•AI trust strongly influences employee-AI collaboration when employees are protean career oriented.
In today's dynamic and uncertain career context, values play an important role for career choice and lifelong career self-management. Values are desirable goals that are sought by individuals to ...satisfy their needs and are important for understanding career orientations in terms of protean and boundaryless career orientations and career anchors. However, how career orientations or career anchors fit into a well-established and supported model and into the structure of basic human values remains an important and under-investigated question. The aim of this study was to use Schwartz's model of structural values to empirically explore the relationships and structural correspondences among basic values, career orientations, and career anchors. A heterogeneous sample of 238 employees from French-speaking Switzerland (Mage = 35.60,
= 13.03) completed the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ5X), the Protean and Boundaryless Career Attitudes Scales (PCAS, BCAS), and the Career Orientation Inventory (COI) via an anonymous and confidential survey questionnaire. The results showed that it was possible to meaningfully position both career orientations and career anchors in Schwartz's values structure. The protean and boundaryless career orientations were positively related to Schwartz's basic values that emphasized openness to change and career anchors meaningfully followed the motivational continuum of these basic values. Overall, the overlap among the basic values, career orientations, and career anchors appeared relatively important, suggesting that these basic values, orientations, and anchors should be considered simultaneously to understand and address the factors and processes underlying individuals' career choices and paths.
The contemporary unstable business environment is challenging the concept of the “traditional” career in an organization, in favor of a protean career attitude in which individuals are characterized ...as having a strong sense of identity and personal values that guide their career decisions. Despite the relevance of the protean career concept, empirical research has provided limited evidence on its antecedents and outcomes as regards individuals who are at an early stage of their career path. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the behavioral antecedents of protean career orientation (PCO), and to investigate the relationship between PCO and individuals' employability. Data were collected on a sample of graduate students entering the labor market. The results, obtained through a Structural Equation Modeling analysis, provide new insights into the antecedents of PCO, showing that – contrary to prior research that primarily focuses on two competencies, “self-awareness” and “adaptability” – other behavioral competencies predict the protean approach. Moreover, the findings show a positive relationship between PCO and employability and perceived employability. Implications for the career management and competency-based literature are provided.
•The study analyzed the protean career orientation in newly graduates.•Behavioral competencies predict protean career orientation.•Protean career orientation is positively associated to perceived employability.•Protean career orientation is positively related to the number of job offers.
Protean career orientation has become prevalent among young workers in contemporary workplace. Little is known about whether this orientation is related to their positive expectation of future career ...development. We developed a conceptual model to investigate the relationship between protean career orientation and career optimism. Informed by social construction theory and social cognitive career theory, we considered career adaptability and career decision self-efficacy (CDSE) as potential mediators in the model. Several hypotheses were proposed and tested with a sample of 170 undergraduate students in Hong Kong. The results of path analysis and bootstrapping indicated that protean career orientation has a positive relationship with career optimism, and such relationship is fully mediated by career adaptability and CDSE. Our study has yielded novel into how some individual differences factors affect the development of career optimism among university students.
In a context where employees find it increasingly difficult to juggle work and family demands, increasing attention has been paid to family supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB). Drawing on key ...tenets of the Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory, we hypothesize that FSSB is positively related to needs-supplies fit, which in turn, predicts both work and nonwork outcomes i.e., proactive skill development and sleep quality. We also hypothesize that for employees high on protean career orientation (PCO), the consequences of FSSB are more significant and positive on both a) employees' perceived needs-supplies fits and b) proactive skill development. We conducted a three-wave study with a month time interval in Chile, Colombia, and Spain with matched data of subordinates and their managers (N = 454). Most of our hypotheses were supported. We expand and contribute to the literature by providing a fit perspective to research on FSSB, arguing that such behaviors improve employees’ perceptions of their jobs, with a consequential positive impact on their work and nonwork outcomes. The results demonstrate the key role of FSSB in enabling employees to perceive a better fit with their jobs. For HR managers and practitioners, results show that keeping protean-oriented employees is a promising strategy.
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