This article presents a systematic review of all 49 papers published in the top five tourism journals between 2010 and 2020 on discrete choice experiments in tourism research. Discrete choice ...experiments are used for measuring and predicting individuals' preferences and choices of alternatives and provide quantitative measures of the relative importance of attributes of tourism destinations, products, or services and might include tourists' willingness to pay for various services. Results of the review are presented, and research gaps and challenges are identified and discussed. Future research and methodological approaches to help progress discrete choice experiments in the field of tourism research are proposed. This article launches the Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection on Discrete Choice Experiments in Tourism.
•Review of 49 journal papers on discrete choice experiments in tourism•Shows the research focus and developments over the last 10 years•Identifies research gaps and suggests future research opportunities and challenges•Launches the Annals Curated Collection on Discrete Choice Experiments in Tourism
Class Strategies and the Education Market examines the ways in which the middle classes maintain and improve their social advantages in and through education. Drawing on an extensive series of ...interviews with parents and children, this book identifies key moments of decision making in the construction of the educational trajectories of middle class children. Stephen J. Ball organises his analysis around the key concepts of social closure, social capital, values and principles and risk, while bringing a broad range of up-to-date sociological theory to bear upon his subject. From this thorough analysis, valuable and thought-provoking insights emerge into the assiduous care and considerable effort and expenditure which goes into ensuring the educational success of the middle class child The middle classes are a sociological enigma, presenting the social researcher with considerable analytic and theoretical difficulties. Class Strategies and the Education Market provides a set of working tools for class analysis and the examination of class practices. Above all, it offers new ways of thinking about class theory and the relationships between classes in late modern society.
Economists have long sought to learn the effect of a "treatment" on some outcome of interest, just as doctors do with their patients. A central practical objective of research on treatment response ...is to provide decision makers with information useful in choosing treatments. Often the decision maker is a social planner who must choose treatments for a heterogeneous population--for example, a physician choosing medical treatments for diverse patients or a judge choosing sentences for convicted offenders. But research on treatment response rarely provides all the information that planners would like to have. How then should planners use the available evidence to choose treatments? This book addresses key aspects of this broad question, exploring and partially resolving pervasive problems of identification and statistical inference that arise when studying treatment response and making treatment choices. Charles Manski addresses the treatment-choice problem directly using Abraham Wald's statistical decision theory, taking into account the ambiguity that arises from identification problems under weak but justifiable assumptions. The book unifies and further develops the influential line of research the author began in the late 1990s. It will be a valuable resource to researchers and upper-level graduate students in economics as well as other social sciences, statistics, epidemiology and related areas of public health, and operations research.
We provide an introduction to the estimation of discrete choice models when choice sets are heterogeneous and unobserved to the econometrician. We survey the two most popular approaches: “integrating ...over” and “differencing out” unobserved choice sets. Inspired by Chamberlain (1980)’s original idea of constructing sufficient statistics from observed choices, we introduce the term “sufficient set” to refer to any combination of observed choices that lies within the true but unobserved choice set. The concept of sufficient set helps to unify notation and organize our thinking, to map econometric assumptions onto economic models, and to implement both methods in practice.
Based on a series of pathbreaking lectures given at Yale University in 2012, this powerful, thought-provoking work by national best-selling author Cass R. Sunstein combines legal theory with ...behavioral economics to make a fresh argument about the legitimate scope of government, bearing on obesity, smoking, distracted driving, health care, food safety, and other highly volatile, high-profile public issues. Behavioral economists have established that people often make decisions that run counter to their best interests-producing what Sunstein describes as "behavioral market failures." Sometimes we disregard the long term; sometimes we are unrealistically optimistic; sometimes we do not see what is in front of us. With this evidence in mind, Sunstein argues for a new form of paternalism, one that protects people against serious errors but also recognizes the risk of government overreaching and usually preserves freedom of choice.Against those who reject paternalism of any kind, Sunstein shows that "choice architecture"-government-imposed structures that affect our choices-is inevitable, and hence that a form of paternalism cannot be avoided. He urges that there are profoundly moral reasons to ensure that choice architecture is helpful rather than harmful-and that it makes people's lives better and longer.
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