The aim
of the review was to consider the principles and criteria for the formation of funds of service microbiological collections and the specialized State collection of pathogenic bacteria (SCPB) ...at the RusRAPI “Microbe”. The rapid pace of characterization, study, and use of microbial diversity makes the development of criteria for the selection of microorganisms for permanent storage in collections particularly relevant. The number and format of these criteria are determined by the tasks the collection centers of different levels and specialization are facing. Service collections form their funds by depositing or acquiring type, reference, educational strains. In recent years, the practicability of expanding the range of strains, the deposition of which is desirable in service collections, has been recognized. These are strains characterized by phylogenetic, genomic, metabolic, ecological uniqueness; with a fully sequenced genome; known and emerging plant, animal and human pathogens that caused disease outbreaks; used in international research projects; having biotechnological and economic significance. The main task of the SCPB as a specialized state collection of pathogenic bacteria of groups I–II is to preserve strains characterizing the intraspecific diversity and populations of pathogens circulating in natural foci or in certain territories of the Russian Federation, isolated during epizootics, local or epidemic outbreaks. The selection criteria for strains for permanent storage are their ecological, phenotypic, and genetic peculiarities. The preservation of such a collection is important for future research using new technologies and tracking the evolution of pathogenic bacteria – causative agents of particularly dangerous infectious diseases.
Information on the biogeography of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is important because this group of obligately symbiotic soil microbes is a ubiquitous and functionally critical component of ...terrestrial ecosystems. In this paper, we utilize a biogeography database summarizing data on AMF species distribution linked to geographic and environmental conditions to describe global distribution patterns and interpret these patterns within a phylogenetic perspective. The data were obtained from accessions in living culture collections (INVAM, CICG), species descriptions, and other published literature from 1960 to 2012. The database contains 7105 records, 6396 of them from 768 published papers and the remaining 709 from culture accessions. Glomeromycotan species were recorded in all seven continents, 87 countries, 11 biogeographical realms, and 14 biomes. The distribution of families differed among climatic zones and continents, but they, together with all genera, appear to be cosmopolitan. Distribution of AMF species shows a slight decrease from low to high latitudes, but this decrease is steeper in the southern than in the northern hemisphere. A total of 189 species is shared between ancient supercontinents Gondwana and Laurasia and 78 species are common to all climatic zones. Ninety-five species (43% of the total) have known cosmopolitan distribution, including members of all genera except
Redeckera
. Some species have disjunct distribution and 26% of species have been registered from only one continent. Data on AMF distribution challenge the “Everything is everywhere” hypothesis in favor of the “moderate endemicity model” for species distribution. Data from this study provide a foundation to formulate and test hypotheses of biogeographic patterns and processes in Glomeromycota.
The global death toll from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) virus as of May 12, 2020, exceeds 286,000. The risk factors for death were attributed to advanced age and comorbidities but have not been ...accurately defined.
To report the clinical features of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19 in two hospitals in Wuhan.
Medical records were collected of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19 between January 9, 2020, and February 15, 2020. Information recorded included medical history, exposure history, comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory findings, computed tomographic scans, and clinical management.
The median age of the patients was 65.8 years, and 72.9% were male. Common symptoms were fever (78 91.8%), shortness of breath (50 58.8%), fatigue (50 58.8%), and dyspnea (60 70.6%). Hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease were the most common comorbidities. Notably, 81.2% of patients had very low eosinophil counts on admission. Complications included respiratory failure (80 94.1%), shock (69 81.2%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (63 74.1%), and arrhythmia (51 60%), among others. Most patients received antibiotic (77 90.6%), antiviral (78 91.8%), and glucocorticoid (65 76.5%) treatments. A total of 38 (44.7%) and 33 (38.8%) patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and IFN-α2b, respectively.
In this depictive study of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19, most cases were males aged over 50 years with noncommunicable chronic diseases. The majority of the patients died of multiple organ failure. Early onset of shortness of breath may be used as an observational symptom for COVID-19 exacerbations. Eosinophilopenia may indicate a poor prognosis. A combination of antimicrobial drugs did not offer considerable benefit to the outcome of this group of patients.
It can be difficult to find time and motivation to effectively address collection management for materials in specialized areas that fall outside the primary scope of one's usual responsibilities. ...The pressure of crowded shelves in the authors' largest library and the associated difficulties of helping users locate materials led a team of faculty librarians and staff to evaluate and consolidate an "orphaned collection" of books in health and medicine call numbers. The authors describe how a project team established a data-informed evaluation and weeding process that minimized affective decision-making and considered the nuances of collection management between disciplines.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The essays featured in this book cover a broad spectrum of topics related to individual identity strategies and art collecting in the late modern era. They give a pan-European perspective on ...collecting in its various facets, encompassing the history of museums, exhibition policy, art market history, history of taste shaping and provenance research. By showing how collecting mirrored the social problems of modernity, this book indirectly addresses issues such as the sociocultural role of ethnic minorities, the question of women's emancipation, social exclusion versus inclusion, colonialism and the politicisation of museums. These matters, analysed in the context of private collections, reveal the complexity and relevance of the cultural processes underpinning many social issues that remain the subject of reflection to this day.
The rate and magnitude of contemporary changes in natural systems is unprecedented in the Earth's history. Studies of wild birds have been critically important in helping us understand and address ...these environmental changes. Avian collections provide a potentially unique perspective on change through time, but their role in environmental change research is limited by the availability of collections data. Here we describe how avian collections might be unlocked to enable environmental change research, and discuss the opportunities and constraints associated with this. We use the concept of the extended specimen to describe the types of data that could be unlocked from basic data for discoverability to enhanced data that might be directly applied to environmental change questions. We illustrate the type of environmental change research these data might support. We argue that data creation and access is currently limited by funding for digitization, a rather patchy understanding of the needs of the research community and less than adequate data‐sharing by institutions and researchers. We develop a blueprint for addressing these issues which includes (1) improvements in sharing the data we are already creating and (2) building a better case for digitization at scale. As one of the largest avian collections in the world, the Natural History Museum, UK, is committed to unlocking our collections, but we will need input and support from the avian research community to do so.
This essay provides an overview of how four MA students in Public Humanities centered the use of local stakeholder interviews to design a collecting plan for the LGBTQ collections at Brown ...University's special collections library, the John Hay Library. The authors discuss both the stakeholder interview process and the pedagogical benefits of using a methodology that asks institutions to reflect on how they orient their holdings to various publics.
La costumbre de coleccionar objetos se remonta a las épocas más antiguas de la humanidad. Sin embargo, el origen de los museos occidentales se suele ver en el stu-diolo de las bibliotecas humanistas ...de la Italia del siglo XV. Más tarde, el studiolo se transformaría en los "gabinetes" que llegaron a América, estando, algunos de ellos, dentro de las bibliotecas virreinales. Similares a los gabinetes europeos, más no iguales, los gabinetes novohispanos tuvieron sus singularidades regionales al estar expuestas, dentro de ellos, las antigüedades mexicanas en lugar de las grecorromanas que se acostumbraba coleccionar en el Viejo Mundo.
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