The ageing world population has inspired the current care model to incorporate health promotion. The health of the elderly within primary health care aims to maintain functionality in old age. Thus, ...the prevention of falls by the elderly ensures health promotion by preventing various damages and health problems. Though, effective preventive action is a complex task that health workers have to face. It aims to highlight the difficulties encountered and describe the strategies used to achieve health promotion in the elderly to prevent falls. This is a qualitative research with Hegelian dialectics based on the methodological approach. The Focus group technique was made with community health agents from a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The Content Thematic Analysis was used to process verbal discourses and retrieve in its entirety factors from data to classify and categorize all aspects of fall prevention. Findings point to difficulties related to the personal beliefs of the elderly, the difficulty of adapting to daily activities, and deficiencies in social support. Among the strategies adopted were multi-professional teams, family and social networks, and longitudinal approaches. The elements and factors described should be incorporated into primary care by health professionals, especially the nurse as a care manager, to encourage protective attitudes, behaviours, and activities with the elderly to maintain healthy ageing. Any related aspect can be partially or totally generalized, in different socioeconomic statuses, because they reflect daily life and potentially explain the incidence of falls under multidimensional issues.
Background: Mental illness has been a significant public health challenge in Thailand, where there is a shortage of specialists. Consequently, community nurses (CNs) who are not specialists have been ...tasked with enhancing mental health outcomes in the primary care system of the country. This study aims to shed light on CNs’ lived experiences of caring for psychiatric patients within the primary care units (PCUs).Methods: A phenomenological research approach and in-depth interviews were conducted with nine CNs responsible for psychiatric patient care purposefully selected at nine PCUs in southern Thailand, including Nakhon Si Thammarat, Krabi, Phangnga, and Chumporn provinces, between March and December 2019. Data analysis was carried out using Colaizzi’s method.Results: The experiences of CNs were expressed through three main themes: “Confronting role expansion in long-term psychiatric care responsibilities,” “Insecurity in role ambiguity,” and “Duty of supportive caring for marginalized people.”Conclusion: Thai CNs face significant stress when providing care for psychiatric patients, grappling with their acknowledged lack of specialization and essential expertise in the field. Alongside the issue, they knew that supportive caring for marginalized people is their duty to humanity. Primary care systems must recognize CNs’ vital role in enhancing psychiatric patient care. Comprehensive training empowers them, fostering confidence and enabling better connections and care management. This can lead to improved patient outcomes and overall care quality.
Resumen: Objetivo: Conocer el rol de las enfermeras que trabajan en el campo de la salud pública y la diferencia respecto al rol de atención familiar y comunitaria en el contexto de Cataluña, a ...través de experiencias y perspectivas de profesionales del ámbito de la salud pública. Método: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico descriptivo. Realización de 14 entrevistas a informantes clave del campo de la salud pública y del ámbito comunitario, seleccionadas mediante propositivo de máxima variación. Análisis de contenido mediante metodología temática y creación de categorías a partir de la triangulación de resultados. Resultados: Se analizan las competencias profesionales y las funciones que realiza la enfermería en el ámbito de la salud pública. La mayoría de las funciones propias se correspondieron con las funciones relacionadas en «el cuidado» y de los la «visión global» de salud. La indeterminación de las funciones y roles relacionada con la desigualdad de género conlleva un bajo reconocimiento de la profesión y una falta de adecuación de la categoría profesional, reflejados en una escasa presencia de la enfermería en posiciones de gestión en salud pública. Aunque se comparten competencias con la enfermería familiar y comunitaria, se encuentran también diferencias. Conclusiones: Este estudio ha permitido profundizar en el rol de la enfermería de salud pública, poco conocido. Se evidencia la necesidad de definir sus roles y funciones para evitar las desigualdades y aumentar su reconocimiento. Abstract: Objective: Identify the role of public health nurses and differentiate it from that of community care nurses in the context of Catalonia, through the experiences and perspectives of professionals in the field of public health. Method: Descriptive phenomenological qualitative study. Fourteen interviews were conducted with key informants, from the field of public health and community care, selected by i purposive sampling. Content analysis using thematic methodology, creation of categories from the triangulation of results. Results: The professional competencies and functions performed by nursing in the field of public health are analysed. Most of the specific functions were the ones related to “care” and the “global vision” of health. The indeterminacy of functions and roles, related to gender inequality, leads to a low recognition of the profession and a lack of appropriateness of the professional category, reflected in a low presence of nurses in management positions in public health. Although some competencies are shared with the family and community nurse, there are also differences. Conclusions: This study sheds light on the role of public health nursing, often overlooked. It is urgent to define public health nurses role and functions, in order to avoid inequalities and increase their recognition.
Aim
To test the relationship between work practice environment and turnover intention, considering the mediation of work engagement and the moderation of work pressure among community health nurses.
...Design and Samples
A cross‐sectional survey design.
Methods
A total of 410 nurses were recruited from 32 community health centres between September 2016–January 2017 with survey on work practice environment, work engagement, work pressure and turnover intention. Structural equation modelling was used to test a mediated moderation model.
Results
Work practice environment was positively associated with higher work engagement and lower turnover intention and work engagement partially mediated the relationship between work practice environment and turnover intention. In addition, work pressure moderated the relationship between work practice environment and work engagement.
Conclusion
The improvement of work practice environment including the physical and humanitarian environment could enhance nurse engagement and reduce turnover intention in community, which was more pronounced among high‐pressure nurses.
Impact
In front of the nursing shortage, especially in communities, the strategies on how to retain and motivate nurses have become the focus of concern. Based on the job demands‐resources model and the conservation of resources theory, this study examined the effect of work practice environment on turnover intention with the mediation role of work engagement and the moderation role of work pressure among community health nurses. The nurse managers of communities should pay attention to the role of work practice environment in stimulating nurses’ engagement and decreasing turnover intention, especially when nurses are under high work pressure.
目的
检验工作实践环境与离职意愿之间的关系,考虑工作敬业度的中介作用和社区卫生护士工作压力的调节作用。
设计和样本
横向调查设计。
方法
2016年9月至2017年1月,从32个社区卫生中心共招募410名护士,对其工作实践环境、工作敬业度、工作压力和离职意愿进行调查。结构方程模型被用来测试中介调节模型。
结果
工作实践环境与较高的工作敬业度和较低的离职意愿呈正相关,工作敬业度在一定程度上调节了工作实践环境与离职意愿的关系。此外,工作压力调节了工作实践环境与工作敬业度之间的关系。
结论
工作实践环境的改善,包括物理和人道主义环境的改善,可以提高护士的敬业度,降低社区内的离职意愿,这在高压力护士中表现得更为明显。
影响
在护理短缺的情况下,尤其是在社区,如何留住和激励护士的策略成为关注的焦点。本研究以工作需求—资源模型和资源保护理论为基础,探讨了工作实践环境对社区卫生护士离职意愿的调节作用以及工作敬业度和工作压力对社区卫生护士离职意愿的调节作用。社区护士管理者应重视工作实践环境在激发护士敬业度、降低离职意愿方面的作用,特别是在护士工作压力大的情况下。
Students with deafness often face barriers to accessing health education materials, underscoring the need for tailored interventions like sign language health education videos to ensure inclusivity. ...Expert consensus plays a vital role in enhancing the relevance and effectiveness of educational content for individuals with sensory impairments.
Design a sign language health education video for students with deafness on school first aid.
Using a qualitative research design, the study incorporated elements of phenomenology and expert consensus through the Delphi method.
Administrative approvals were secured, and ethical considerations were addressed prior to data collection. A literature review informed the development of study tools, which were pilot-tested for face validity. The health education video, meticulously produced and translated into sign language, adhered to best practices in visual communication. Feedback from 30 students and 17 expert panelists, obtained through structured scales and Delphi rounds, respectively, guided evaluation. Two distinct tools were developed for data collection: one for assessing student experiences and feedback, and another for expert panelists evaluation.
The study included 152 students with deafness, primarily aged 15–20 years (81%), with 57% boys and 69% from rural areas. Approximately 46% lacked prior first aid knowledge, with only 6% attending courses. Among those exposed to first aid situations (32%), 19% administered aid for nosebleeds, primarily by holding the nose (15%) or applying a cold compress (8%), while 5% treated minor burns with water. Expert panelists, 17 in total, were mainly aged 35–45 years (47%) and predominantly women (76%), with diverse professional backgrounds. Strong agreement was observed among students (mean: 4.9, SD: 0.08) and expert panelists (mean: 4.87, SD: 0.197).
The study underscores the potential of visual-based health education interventions, particularly for individuals with sensory impairments like deafness. Integrating sign language and expert consensus in the health education video emerged as promising for enhancing first aid knowledge and skills among students with deafness. Continued refinement and dissemination of such resources can significantly improve health literacy and inclusivity in educational settings.
Future research should explore the long-term effects of incorporating sign language health education videos into school curricula for students with deafness. Investigating similar interventions on different health-related topics specific to individuals with sensory impairments could inform comprehensive health education programs for this population.
To understand the roles of community health nurses in providing services to children in primary health care units during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative research was employed. Data was obtained ...from documents, observations, and in-depth interviews. Eighty-five key informants were recruited in the study from seven groups: public sector officers, Local Administrative Organization (LAO), community leaders, teachers in child development centers, community organizations, civil groups, and family caregivers. Data was analyzed using the content analysis method. Findings showed the roles of community health nurses in primary care units categorized into eight themes: health care provider, health educator, manager, health collaborator, health coordinator, advocator, consultant, and data collector and reporter. The research reflects the crucial roles of community health nurses in caring for children, skills, knowledge gained, and preparation and engagement of community networks during COVID-19.
Community health nurses play an important role in primary health care service, especially during the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to describe the work and activities of community health ...nurses focusing on the care of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Northeastern Thailand.
This was a qualitative research study. The methods, including observation, in-depth interview, secondary data, and focus group discussion, were employed to obtain data from 46 key informants. The process started from February to August 2022 in northeastern Thailand. Data were analyzed using content analysis.
The results of this study were organized into 3 main themes focusing on 1) Community health nurses’ role for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, which consists of 12 sub-themes; 2) Barriers of community health nurses in caring for older adults during the pandemic consisted of 2 sub-themes; and 3) Factors contributing to the success of community health nurses in managing health and providing care for older adults during the pandemic consisted of 4 sub-themes.
The findings showed that community health nurses had played important roles, such as educating and advocating health, providing care, promoting and empowering people in the community toward health, and giving emotional and nutritional support to older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study can be used as a guideline for policymakers and health-related agencies to develop healthcare strategies and to optimize the management of community health nurses in caring for older adults during the pandemic. COVID-19 is a major public health challenge; therefore, understanding the roles and activities of community health nurses helps improve primary care cluster development, strengthens healthcare services in community, and for everyone in the community to be ready for possible challenge of future global pandemics.
Conocer el rol de las enfermeras que trabajan en el campo de la salud pública y la diferencia respecto al rol de atención familiar y comunitaria en el contexto de Cataluña, a través de experiencias y ...perspectivas de profesionales del ámbito de la salud pública.
Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico descriptivo. Realización de 14 entrevistas a informantes clave del campo de la salud pública y del ámbito comunitario, seleccionadas mediante propositivo de máxima variación. Análisis de contenido mediante metodología temática y creación de categorías a partir de la triangulación de resultados.
Se analizan las competencias profesionales y las funciones que realiza la enfermería en el ámbito de la salud pública. La mayoría de las funciones propias se correspondieron con las funciones relacionadas en «el cuidado» y de los la «visión global» de salud. La indeterminación de las funciones y roles relacionada con la desigualdad de género conlleva un bajo reconocimiento de la profesión y una falta de adecuación de la categoría profesional, reflejados en una escasa presencia de la enfermería en posiciones de gestión en salud pública. Aunque se comparten competencias con la enfermería familiar y comunitaria, se encuentran también diferencias.
Este estudio ha permitido profundizar en el rol de la enfermería de salud pública, poco conocido. Se evidencia la necesidad de definir sus roles y funciones para evitar las desigualdades y aumentar su reconocimiento.
Identify the role of public health nurses and differentiate it from that of community care nurses in the context of Catalonia, through the experiences and perspectives of professionals in the field of public health.
Descriptive phenomenological qualitative study. Fourteen interviews were conducted with key informants, from the field of public health and community care, selected by i purposive sampling. Content analysis using thematic methodology, creation of categories from the triangulation of results.
The professional competencies and functions performed by nursing in the field of public health are analysed. Most of the specific functions were the ones related to “care” and the “global vision” of health. The indeterminacy of functions and roles, related to gender inequality, leads to a low recognition of the profession and a lack of appropriateness of the professional category, reflected in a low presence of nurses in management positions in public health. Although some competencies are shared with the family and community nurse, there are also differences.
This study sheds light on the role of public health nursing, often overlooked. It is urgent to define public health nurses role and functions, in order to avoid inequalities and increase their recognition.
Models of care for community health nursing need to address social determinants of health for families, requiring community health nurse leaders to encourage all nurses to facilitate culturally safe ...models of care, particularly for vulnerable and underserved populations. Many challenges impact on provision of support for a range of population groups, with increasing attention focusing on how community health nurses lead equitable health activities for Aboriginal Australian families.
The aims of this study were to investigate the suitability, feasibility and acceptability of parent support, informing a culturally safe model for a peer-led support program for Aboriginal families.
Participatory action research enabled Aboriginal peer support workers and parents, community agencies and a child health researcher to collaboratively review cultural safety, suitability, and progress of the program. Qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis.
The Australian Health Practitioner Regulatory Agency's cultural safety framework guided four themes: Acknowledgement of colonisation, racism, and social determinants of health; recognition of influences of personal racism and power differentials; recognising importance of partnership approaches to care and collaboration with individuals and families to ensure appropriate and acceptable care; and promotion of safe working environments.
Community-based initiatives informed by Aboriginal perspectives are needed to support Aboriginal families. Participatory action research enables community health nurse leaders to engage with Aboriginal participants, facilitating co-design of culturally safe models of care.
Reflections on culturally safe strategies enabled development of peer-led support for Aboriginal families, focusing on self-determination, empowerment, and equity. Acceptability of the strategies has contributed to an emerging culturally safe model of care. Indigenous Australian peoples are people who identify as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. Respectfully, throughout this paper, they will be described as Aboriginal.
