In the former Soviet Union (fSU) region, which has the highest rate of institutional care worldwide, 'social orphans' -indigent children who have one or both parents living-are placed in publicly run ...residential institutions to receive education, food, and shelter. Few studies have focused on understanding the emotional effects of separation and life in an institutional environment on children who grow up with their families.
Semi-structured qualitative interviews (N = 47) were conducted with 8- to 16-year-old children with a history of institutional care placement and their parents in Azerbaijan. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 8- to 16-year-old children (n = 21) involved in the institutional care system in Azerbaijan and their caregivers (n = 26). Trained interviewers collected narratives about children's experiences prior to being separated from their families while living in an institution, as well as the impact of institutional placement on their emotional well-being. We applied thematic analysis with inductive coding.
Most of the children entered institutions around the school entry age. Prior to entering institutions, children had already experienced disruptions within their family environments and multiple traumatic events, including witnessing domestic violence, parental divorce, and parental substance abuse. Once institutionalized, these children may have had their mental health further impaired by a sense of abandonment, a strictly regimented life, and insufficiencies of freedom, privacy, developmentally stimulating experiences, and, at times, safety.
This study illustrates the emotional and behavioral consequences of institutional placement and the need to address accumulated chronic and complex traumatic experiences that occurred before and during institutional placement, which may affect emotion regulation and the familial and social relationships of children who lived in institutions in a post-Soviet country. The study identified mental health issues that could be addressed during the deinstitutionalization and family reintegration process to improve emotional well-being and restore family relationships.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Complex developmental trauma (CDT) is characterized by prolonged exposure to traumatic events in early life, resulting in the breakdown of neurobiological integration which impacts mental and ...physical health. The benefits of practicing short-form improvisation (improv), however, parallel the treatment needs of this population. To observe the neurobiological effect of improv, we used eyes-open quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) to record the brains of 32 adolescents before and after participation in a 20-min intervention (One Rule Improv) consisting of short-form improv games. A paired t-test was used to evaluate coherence, phase, absolute amplitude, and low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Results indicated increases in coherence in delta, theta, alpha, and beta (p < .05). Phase lag showed a statistical decrease (p < .05) in delta, alpha, and beta. Absolute power showed significant increases in alpha frontally Fp1 (p = .004), decreases in delta (p = .030) at T4. LORETA analysis indicated significant changes in sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) at Brodmann area (BA) 6, t(27) = 6.1, p < .05. Significant delta decreased at BA 6, BA 10, t(27) = 4.96, p < .05; and BA 24, t(27) = 3.90. Significant delta decreased at BA 4, BA 3, and BA 40, t(27) = 4.35, p < .05. Results indicate preliminary evidence supporting improv as an intervention capable of affecting functional connectivity changes in adolescents with CDT. For developmental trauma, these results may indicate improved capacity to make meaningful connections with others and create opportunities for neuroplastic changes.
This paper describes how, in the wake of a spate of fatal knife crime in one London borough, the council, Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) got ...together to think about how to improve outcomes for their young people. Starting with schools and pupil referral units, the CAMHS and educational psychology service were commissioned to work with whole staff groups, from senior leadership to lunchtime monitors and playground staff, to embed trauma informed policy and practice. The aim was to spread understanding about complex developmental trauma; what it is, how it affects the behaviour and experience of children and families, and how to work with it. Given how widespread trauma is, the objective was also to think about what might need to change in the environment and ethos of the borough's schools as a result. Following the project's initial success, its scope and remit were expanded to support services on a policy level, while also working with their staff to think about the impact of trauma, and how best to support children and families who have been affected by it. As well as teaching about trauma, the project is primarily an experiential one. This paper explores the impact on staff who were involved in the project; what came out of it for them personally in terms of changes to their thinking and outlook, and what they saw as the changes for the children and families they worked with.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Ketamine therapy with culturally attuned trauma-informed psychotherapy in a collaborative cross-cultural partnership may provide a critical step in the operationalization and optimization of ...treatment effectiveness in diverse populations and may provide a foundation for an improved quality of life for Indigenous people. Decolonizing Indigenous health and wellbeing is long overdue, requiring an equal partnership between government and Indigenous communities, built upon an aboriginal culture holistic foundation of balance of mind, body, social and spiritual realms, and within the context of historical and lived experiences of colonialism. Culturally attuned trauma-informed psychotherapy paired with ketamine—a fast-acting antidepressant that typically takes effect within 4 hours, even in cases of acute suicidality—may be uniquely qualified to integrate into an Indigenous based health system, since ketamine’s therapeutic effects engage multiple neuropsychological, physiological, biological, and behavioral systems damaged by intergenerational complex developmental trauma. Ketamine holds the potential to serve as a core treatment modality around which culturally engaged treatment approaches might be organized since its brief alteration of normal waking consciousness is already a familiar and intrinsic element of healing culture in many Indigenous societies. There is great need and desire in Indigenous communities for respectful and sacred partnership in fostering more effective mental health outcomes and improved quality of life.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Children and youth who have experienced foster care or orphanage-rearing have often experienced complex developmental trauma, demonstrating an interactive set of psychological and behavioral issues. ...Trust-Based Relational Intervention (TBRI) is a therapeutic model that trains caregivers to provide effective support and treatment for at-risk children. TBRI has been applied in orphanages, courts, residential treatment facilities, group homes, foster and adoptive homes, churches, and schools. It has been used effectively with children and youth of all ages and all risk levels. This article provides the research base for TBRI and examples of how it is applied.
This case study, conducted in a Midwest residential treatment center, reports results from an attachment-based intervention that addressed the needs of a 16-year-old female, Rachel. Rachel had a long ...and documented history of severe abuse and neglect before her adoption from a Bulgarian orphanage at age 12 and numerous psychiatric hospitalizations in the years subsequent. Upon entering this residential treatment center, Rachel did not respond to traditional residential treatment modalities and was considered one of the most difficult children the facility had ever attempted to help. After the intensive attachment-based intervention for Rachel, her adoptive parents, and facility staff, dramatic increases in pro-social and attachment behaviors were noted, as well as a significant decrease in violent and self-injurious behaviors. The intervention consisted of three phases of differing levels of intensity and was designed to address the attachment system and related sub-systems in order to facilitate the development of healthy attachments.
The prevalent characteristics of street children are self-harm, criminality and substance abuse problems leading to stigmatization of street children in the society. This study aims to be a first ...step in Turkey to develop a systemic and attachment-based intervention model in a group setting focusing on the emotion regulation difficulties of street children. Since this is a highly sensitive and novel issue in Turkey, qualitative research design was thought to be more appropriate.12 boys with street experience who were living in a residential care facility participated the study. Lacking emotional awareness and expression, the boys regularly used immature defence mechanisms such as projective identification and repression for emotion regulation. The study aimed at developing an attachment-based emotion regulation intervention manual for mental health professionals working with street children.
Problem
Complex developmental trauma affects large numbers of children who have suffered from abuse, neglect, and/or deprivation. The effects often manifest in problems of attachment.
Methods
...Researchers conducted therapeutic day camps for at‐risk children to determine whether multimodal therapies could ameliorate the effects of complex developmental trauma. Two groups of adopted children (ages 3–9 and 10–14 years) with histories of trauma attended separate 3‐week camps.
Findings
Data analysis indicated a positive correlation between negative attachment behaviors and deficits in sensory processing. Increased pro‐attachment behaviors were found to have a significant relationship with pre‐camp deficits in sensory processing.
Conclusions
These results are discussed in the context of systems theory.
This article describes the effective use of physiological monitoring and biofeedback-assisted relaxation training as primary interventions for the treatment of panic disorder in a 31-year-old woman ...with a history of complex developmental trauma. A biopsychosocial perspective of panic disorder grounded in learning theory and informed by trauma practice was used to examine the role of multiple causational factors in the development of panic disorder and to discuss intervention strategies addressing the interconnected nature of the biological and psychosocial realms of the human experience. The client participated in 2 pretreatment (intake interview and formal testing) and 14 outpatient therapy sessions at a biofeedback clinic over a period of 6 months. Treatment-outcome data indicated a marked decrease in acute symptoms as measured by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Second Edition (MMPI-2).
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