The propagation of the invasive Spartina alterniflora ( S. alterniflora ) has seriously affected the health of coastal wetland ecosystems in China and thus requires an urgent response. In this ...article, we construct a feature vector set containing phenological and other time-series features based on the google earth engine platform by combining dense time-series images from the sentinel-1 and sentinel-2 satellites. We obtained the dataset of the annual distribution of S. alterniflora in the Yellow river delta from 2016 to 2021 by developing an object-oriented random forest classification model. The results show that S. alterniflora has different phenological features from other wetland plants that played an important role in its classification based on the images. A combination of multiple phenological and temporal features improved the classification accuracy of S. alterniflora (multi-year average overall accuracy: 95.38%; user accuracy: 95.01%; producer accuracy: and 95.17%). Our results suggest that from 2016 to 2021, the growth rate of the area occupied by S. alterniflora was 2.17 km 2 per year, and a new patch of the S. alterniflora appeared in the south of the study area in 2018. The article here provides scientific data to support the monitoring and control of the invasive S. alterniflora at a large scale.
The theory of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFSs) ...proposed by Yager effectively describes fuzzy information in the real world. Because <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFSs contain the parameter <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula> and can adjust the range of expressed fuzzy information, they are superior to both intuitionistic and Pythagorean fuzzy sets. Archimedean T-norm and T-conorm (ATT) is an important tool used to generate operational rules based on the q -rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFNs). In comparison, the Bonferroni mean (BM) operator has an advantage because it considers the interrelationships between the different attributes. Therefore, it is an important and meaningful innovation to extend the BM operator to the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFNs based upon the ATT. In this paper, we first discuss <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-rung orthopair fuzzy operational rules by using ATT. Furthermore, we extend BM operator to the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-ROFNs and propose the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q</tex-math></inline-formula>-rung orthopair fuzzy Archimedean BM <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">(q\hbox{-}{ROFABM})</tex-math></inline-formula> operator and the q -rung orthopair fuzzy weighted Archimedean BM <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">(q\hbox{-}{ROFWABM})</tex-math></inline-formula> operator and study their desirable properties. Then, a new multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) method is developed based on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">q\hbox{-}{ROFWABM}</tex-math></inline-formula> operator. Finally, we use a practical example to verify effectiveness and superiority by comparing to other existing methods.
Present study demonstrates the fiber-optic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based sensitive biosensor for detection of Shigella bacterial species. The proposed sensor is comprised of ...multi-core fiber (MCF) having seven cores arranged in a hexagonal shape and spliced with single-mode fiber (SMF) for efficient detection. An increase in evanescent waves (EWs) and coupling of modes between MCF cores was achieved by etching process in a controlled manner. The etching process also increases the refractive index sensitivity (RIS) of the proposed sensor. Further, coating with nanomaterials like gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) helps in the excitation of localized plasmons. Here, Shigella specific oligonucleotide probes are used as a recognition element. The results demonstrate that the proposed sensor can successfully and efficiently detect the Shigella bacterial species with high sensitivity. Shigella in the range of 10 - 100 CFU/mL (colony-forming unit/mL) can cause serious intestinal infection and therefore, its detection in this range is critical. The proposed sensor demonstrates a linearity range from 1 to 10 9 CFU/mL with a detection time of 5 min and a limit of detection (LoD) of 1.56 CFU/mL. The proposed sensing methodology can be a potential alternative to the commercially existing ones in the near future.
In this research article, we define some categories of open sets over a generalized topological space given together with a primal collection. In addition, we clarify some of its characteristics and ...investigate the relationships between these concepts in the space under consideration. The topic of continuity occupies a large space in topological theory and is one of the most important topics therein. Researchers have examined it in light of many variables. We followed the same approach by studying the concept of continuity between two generalized topological spaces in light of the primal collection under the name (g,P)-continuity. We also made a decomposition of this type of function in light of these weak categories of open sets.
In this article, we introduce several new extensions of Darbo’s fixed point theorem with newly constructed contraction functions associated with the measure of noncompactness. We apply our new ...extensions to prove the existence of solutions for a system of weighted fractional integral equations in Banach space BC(R+). At the end, we establish an example to show the applicability of our discovery.
In this paper, we present six new contributions: two novel definitions and four groundbreaking theorems related to the theoretical foundations of the integral T e transform, with a specific focus on ...analyzing functions with integrable modulus. The definitions referred to the T e window and the T e transform in two parameters, respectively. The theorems provide the main theoretical basis for the T e transform: the existence of the T e transform in two parameters, the T e transform ∈ L 1( R ) , the existence of the inverse T e transform, and uniqueness of the T e transform. These results reveal the importance of the fact that the T e transform only depends on two parameters (translation and dyadic frequency), obtaining its inverse transformation more directly; hence, breaking through a new approach in function analysis by representing a function in the scale-frequency plane. The theoretical results presented in this paper are supported by the previous works of the authors.
In a wide spectrum of real-world applications, it is very important to analyze and mine graph data such as social networks, communication networks, citation networks, and so on. However, the release ...of such graph data often raises privacy issue, and the graph privacy preservation has recently drawn much attention from the database community. While prior works on graph privacy preservation mainly focused on protecting the privacy of either the graph structure only or vertex attributes only, in this paper, we propose a novel mechanism for graph privacy preservation by considering attacks from both graph structures and vertex attributes, which transforms the original graph to a so-called <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">kt</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="lian-ieq4-3221333.gif"/> </inline-formula>-safe graph, via <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">k</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="lian-ieq5-3221333.gif"/> </inline-formula>-anonymity and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">t</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="lian-ieq6-3221333.gif"/> </inline-formula>-closeness. We prove that the generation of a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">kt</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="lian-ieq7-3221333.gif"/> </inline-formula>-safe graph is NP-hard, therefore, we propose a feasible framework for effectively and efficiently anonymizing a graph with low anonymization cost. In particular, we design a cost-model-based graph partitioning approach to enable our proposed divide-and-conquer strategy for the graph anonymization, and propose effective optimization techniques such as pruning method and a tree synopsis to improve the anonymization efficiency over large-scale graphs. Extensive experiments have been conducted to verify the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">kt</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="lian-ieq8-3221333.gif"/> </inline-formula>-safe graph generation approach on both real and synthetic data sets.
In a multimodule system, an increase in the number of radiating optical modules will increase the electromagnetic emissions. This article investigates the scaled tendency of the emissions in a router ...system loaded with hundreds of optical modules. An artificial router mimicking the real system was built to investigate this tendency. A patch antenna array mimics the radiation of the optical modules. It can be excited in in-phase and random-phase configurations. The measurement data verifies the theoretical analysis and the prediction from a statistical method without performing hundreds of different experiments on a real router. Assuming that all radiators are radiating at the same frequency and have similar radiation pattern with random phases, the average of the maximal directivity of the system will saturate if the number of radiators (N) is larger than 14. Furthermore, the average of the maximal electric field radiated will increase following a 10 log10N (dB) tendency.
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