This research examines the tension between the aims of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8), to promote productive employment and decent work, and the adoption of Artificial ...Intelligence (AI). Our findings are based on the analysis of 232 survey results, where we tested the effects of AI adoption on workers’ psychological contract, engagement and trust. We find that psychological contracts had a significant, positive effect on job engagement and on trust. Yet, with AI adoption, the positive effect of psychological contracts fell significantly. A further re-examination of the extant literature leads us to posit that AI adoption fosters the creation of a third type of psychological contract, which we term “Alienational”. Whereas SDG 8 is premised on strengthening relational contracts between an organization and its employees, the adoption of AI has the opposite effect, detracting from the very nature of decent work.
In the current paper, we introduce the concept of decent education and highlight this new construct as a critical predictor of decent work. We first review three broad areas where indicators of ...quality education have been studied and utilized: Subjective student experiences, school-to-work programs, and macro-level recommendations (e.g., assessing quality in schools, counties, states, countries, etc.). Second, we draw from these areas to identify six core components that comprise decent education. Specifically, these components pertain to individuals' subjective experiences with their high school education and include: physical safety, psychological safety, quality instruction, equitable learning environments, opportunities to foster social connection, and adequate educational/vocational programming for post-high school. Third, we discuss the construct's place within Psychology of Working Theory and provide a series of recommendations for scholars wishing to study decent education. It is hoped that this new construct will be useful to scholars as they work to further understand the important connection between educational experiences and access to decent work.
•Introduce the concept of decent education and highlight this new construct as a critical predictor of decent work.•Review three broad areas where indicators of quality education have been studied and utilized.•Draw from these areas to identify six core components that encompass decent education.•Discuss the construct's place within the larger Psychology of Working Theory model.•Provide a series of recommendation for scholars wishing to study decent education.
With more individuals wanting their work to be meaningful, rather than just a source of income, more organizations recognize that fostering meaningful work is crucial for engaging their employees. ...Although scholars from diverse disciplines have made valuable efforts to examine how individual, job, organizational, and societal factors contribute to meaningful work, there is still no cohesive understanding of how these factors relate to one another and, thus, how organizations can proactively foster experiences of meaningful work for their employees. This paper reports the results of a multilevel review on the factors that contribute to workers' experiences of meaningful work and discusses how these factors are related to each other to enable the experience of meaningful work in ways that organizations can promote. Our review suggests that to enable individuals to move beyond satisfying their basic needs by constructing their own sense of meaningful work, organizations should build and maintain work environments characterized by a) well-designed, good-fitting, and quality jobs that provide opportunities to job craft, b) facilitative leaders, cultures, policies and practices, and high-quality relationships, and c) an access to decent work. Our review demonstrates that there is a need for scholars to develop a theory that explains how individual, organizational and societal factors interact to foster meaningful work in organizations. Future research should also explore how organizations can target personality and societal factors that contribute to meaningful work.
•Reviewed the meaningful work literature to make recommendations to organizations.•Personal, job, organizational, and societal factors facilitate meaningful work.•Constructed a multilevel model of meaningful work that integrates these factors.•Detailed how organizations can foster meaningful work for employees.
The Psychology of Working Theory Duffy, Ryan D.; Blustein, David L.; Diemer, Matthew A. ...
Journal of counseling psychology,
03/2016, Letnik:
63, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In the current article, we build on research from vocational psychology, multicultural psychology, intersectionality, and the sociology of work to construct an empirically testable Psychology of ...Working Theory (PWT). Our central aim is to explain the work experiences of all individuals, but particularly people near or in poverty, people who face discrimination and marginalization in their lives, and people facing challenging work-based transitions for which contextual factors are often the primary drivers of the ability to secure decent work. The concept of decent work is defined and positioned as the central variable within the theory. A series of propositions is offered concerning (a) contextual predictors of securing decent work, (b) psychological and economic mediators and moderators of these relations, and (c) outcomes of securing decent work. Recommendations are suggested for researchers seeking to use the theory and practical implications are offered concerning counseling, advocacy, and public policy.
The many problems experienced by persons with disabilities such as difficulty in getting a job, discrimination, and inequality when getting a suitable job and fairness during work indicate that the ...same service for all citizens has not been fully felt. This is also due to the fact that policy studies that are inclusive of persons with disabilities have not yet been fully implemented. This study uses qualitative research methods and then describes the results of the research descriptively. The final result of this research is a strategy to provide equality for persons with disabilities in employment services.
Building upon the psychology of working theory (PWT), the goal of the present study was to examine longitudinal relations among precarious work, workplace dignity, and basic need fulfillment ...(survival, social contribution, and self-determination needs). To examine our hypotheses, we surveyed a group of working adults in the United States three times over three months. However, the study began in March 2020 – before widespread lockdowns, layoffs, and furloughs – and some participants lost their jobs on subsequent waves during April and May 2020. Therefore, a secondary aim of the study was to explore predictors of job loss in the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that having precarious work in early March 2020 significantly predicted job loss due to COVID-19 in May 2020. For workers who remained employed during this time, greater precarious work predicting lower fulfillment of survival needs over time. In addition, workplace dignity and fulfillment of relatedness needs operated reciprocally, predicting greater levels of each other over time, and greater workplace dignity predicted greater fulfillment of social contribution, autonomy, and competence needs across time. These results expand PWT by suggesting that precarious work and workplace dignity are both important work conditions that predict fulfillment of different basic needs over time.
•Pre-pandemic precarious work predicted job loss two months after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.•Greater precarious work predicted lower fulfillment of survival needs over time.•Workplace dignity and fulfillment of relatedness needs predicted each other reciprocally over time.•Greater workplace dignity predicted greater fulfillment of social contribution, autonomy, and competence needs across time.
There is consensus that both the social, or people, dimension of sustainability and the workforce are neglected in the tourism literature and policy. Premised on the understanding that sustainability ...is inherently set in neo-liberal discourses of progress, development and growth we set about to investigate tourism's performance principally relative to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG), no. 8 (UN, 2015), which calls for 'decent work'. Adopting critical approaches, and presenting a review of 14 industry reports from global, regional and national levels, we demonstrate that tourism sustains precarity vis-à-vis its employment practices. Precarity, an emerging sociological concept applied in the workforce context, speaks to the insecurities of work in capitalist economies. Our findings suggest that, contrary to academic and practitioner narratives championing humanist and sustainable tourism futures, tourism (employment) sustains precarious employment but also contributes to deep social cleavages and economic inequalities. Our paper concludes by mapping precarity into other SDGs which mark out precarious lives and propose a recalibration of the three sustainability pillars.
The current study examined the links between decent work and three components of physical health (general health, health symptoms, health behaviors) with a sample of 569 employed adults. Data were ...gathered at three time points over a two-month period. Drawing from Psychology of Working Theory (PWT), survival need fulfillment and workplace fatigue (Wave 2) were positioned as mediating variables between decent work (Wave 1) and physical health outcomes (Wave 3). Hypotheses were partially supported. Decent work directly, and indirectly via workplace fatigue, predicted overall physical health; decent work predicted health symptoms indirectly via workplace fatigue; and decent work predicted heath behaviors indirectly via survival need fulfillment. Findings offer a more nuanced picture of how decent work connects to physical health. Specifically, for overall health and health symptoms, workplace fatigue appears to be the main connecting variable. Individuals working in jobs considered decent may be less likely to suffer workplace fatigue, and in turn, more generally healthy with less negative health symptoms. For healthy habits, such as diet and exercise, survival need satisfaction appears more salient. Meeting one's survival needs via work may help an individual have the time, and live in the type of environment, that more allows for access to a healthy lifestyle. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
•Three wave study examining the relation of decent work and physical health with a sample of 569 employed adults.•Decent work directly, and indirectly via workplace fatigue, predicted overall physical health.•Decent work predicted health symptoms indirectly via workplace fatigue.•Decent work predicted heath behaviors indirectly via survival need fulfillment.•For overall health and health symptoms, workplace fatigue appears to be the main connecting variable.
Building on new developments in the psychology of working framework (PWF) and psychology of working theory (PWT), this article proposes a rationale and research agenda for applied psychologists and ...career development professionals to contribute to the many challenges related to human rights and decent work. Recent and ongoing changes in the world are contributing to a significant loss of decent work, including a rise of unemployment, underemployment, and precarious work across the globe. By failing to satisfy human needs for economic survival, social connection, and self-determination, the loss of decent work undermines individual and societal well-being, particularly for marginalized groups and those without highly marketable skills. Informed by innovations in the PWF/PWT, we offer exemplary research agendas that focus on examining the psychological meaning and impact of economic and social protections, balancing caregiving work and market work, making work more just, and enhancing individual capacities for coping and adapting to changes in the world of work. These examples are intended to stimulate new ideas and initiatives for psychological research that will inform and enhance efforts pertaining to work as a human right.
The working conditions of individuals in their workplaces must have human conditions. The characteristics that should be in a decent job are listed as safe working conditions, sufficient free time ...and rest hours, organizational values that complement family and social values, adequate compensation and access to health services. The aim of this research is to study the validity and reliability of the Future Decent Work Scale on Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School students which measures individuals' perceptions of decent work that they can obtain in the future. Within the scope of the validity and reliability studies of the scale, data were collected from 545 Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School students. In order to test the construct validity of the scale, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used and criterion-related validity was examined. Cronbach Alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients were calculated for reliability studies. As a result of CFA, it was concluded that the goodness of fit indices of the scale indicated good (GFI=.93, AGFI=.90) and acceptable (χ2/df=3.943, RMSEA=.074, SRMR=.069, CFI=.85) level of fit indices. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as .77 for the scale. These results show that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool on Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School students.
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