Dance-related injuries have become a field of great interest to researchers, with the most commonly reported injuries being those sustained by ballet dancers. However, there is a lack of research ...into injuries sustained by those who perform modern and hip-hop dance.
A systematic literature review using the MEDLINE research database was performed and a search carried out for full-text studies that investigate injuries in modern and hip-hop dance.
While a total of 74 hits were obtained from various searches, only nine studies were included in the systematic literature review. Six of them examined modern dancers, two examined break dancers and one examined hip-hop dancers. The results show that hip-hop dancers (and especially break dancers) sustain more injuries in comparison to modern dancers. The most common injuries are in the lower extremities, with studies revealing that overuse injuries occur in up to 71% of cases.
The injury incidence rate in hip-hop dance seems to be higher compared to modern dance, chiefly because of the more demanding biomechanics involved and the dance techniques employed. Prevention management can have a positive effect on the number of injuries.
Izhodišče: Orofacialni razcep je najpogostejša prirojena obrazna nepravilnost. Otroci z razcepi v orofacialnem področju imajo poleg težav z govorom tudi težave na področju hranjenja in požiranja. ...Raziskave kažejo, da so simptomi težav s hranjenjem precej raznoliki. V skrajnih primerih je potrebno uvesti nadomestne načine hranjenja. V Sloveniji še ni bila narejena raziskava o pojavljanju težav s hranjenjem pri otrocih z razcepi v orofacialnem področju.Metode: Ugotoviti smo želeli pogostost in vrsto težav s hranjenjem otrok z razcepi v orofacialnem področju, starih od pet mesecev do šest let. V ta namen smo izoblikovali anonimni vprašalnik za starše o vrsti orofacialnega razcepa, možnih otrokovih težavah pri hranjenju, požiranju in govoru ter pripomočkih za hranjenje. Vprašalnik je bil najprej pilotsko preizkušen pri starših otrok z orofacialnimi razcepi med kontrolnimi ambulantnimi pregledi, nato pa poslan 93 staršem otrok z orofacialnimi razcepi, rojenih v obdobju treh zaporednih let. Z opisno statistiko smo predstavili pogostnost pojavljanja težav ter analizirali dejavnike, ki so se pogosteje pojavljali pri otrocih s težavami pri hranjenju.Rezultati: Starši 58 otrok z orofacialnimi razcepi so izpolnili vprašalnik. Ugotovili smo, da je imelo skoraj tri četrtine otrok težave z vzpostavitvijo hranjenja takoj po rojstvu, kasneje so se težave s hranjenjem zmanjšale, vendar so bile v četrtini primerov še vedno prisotne do zaključenega kirurškega zdravljenja. Največ težav se je pojavljalo zaradi uhajanja hrane in pijače skozi nos, požiranja zraka pri hranjenju po steklenički in podaljšanega časa hranjenja. Otroci z razcepom neba z razcepom ustnice ali brez so imeli bistveno več težav s hranjenjem kot otroci samo z razcepom ustnice. Večina staršev je za hranjenje uporabljala prilagojeno stekleničko in je bila z uporabo zadovoljna. Več kot polovica staršev je izjavila, da so prejeli premalo informacij v zvezi s hranjenjem pred in takoj po rojstvu otroka.Zaključek: Kljub dobro organizirani multidisciplinarni skrbi za otroke z orofacialnimi razcepi v Sloveniji starši še vedno pogrešajo konkretna navodila o hranjenju otroka z orofacialnim razcepom, zaradi česar bo potrebno dodatno izobraziti predvsem medicinske sestre, ki delajo v porodnišnicah. Glede na visoke cene pripomočkov za hranjenje otrok z orofacialnimi razcepi bi bilo dobrodošlo, da bi kril stroške ZZZS.
Among young adults, high rates of binge drinking were observed in certain European countries. Binge drinking is associated with several health problems (unplanned pregnancy, HIV infections, problems ...with memory, and injuries). The aim of this questionnaire-based study was to measure the frequency of binge drinking and its association with sociodemographic, familial, lifestyle factors and school performance among secondary and university students (n=2449) in Csongrád County, Hungary.
In this cross-sectional study the students' sociodemographic data, parents' educational and economic level, and students' academic performance and self-reported use of tobacco, drugs, and alcohol were collected by a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were applied using SPSS 24.0 software.
Altogether 2449 Hungarian secondary school students and university students participated in the study. Nearly one-third of the students were classified as binge drinkers, significantly more male university students. Tobacco or illicit drug use resulted in higher odds of being a binge drinker in both subgroups. Poor school performance and binge drinking were significantly correlated especially among secondary school students.
Targeting alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use together, including education, parent interventions, and public health policies, are crucial in the prevention of possible serious consequences.
Uvod: Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kakšna je ogroženost za padce odraslih pacientov v akutni zdravstveni obravnavi ter kakšne so razlike v ogroženosti glede na spol, starost, kraj pacientove ...obravnave (kliniko) in specialnost stroke ter kategorijo zahtevnosti bolnišnične zdravstvene nege.Metode: Uporabljeno je bilo kvantitativno raziskovanje – presečna opazovalna raziskava. Vzorec (n = 1361) je vključeval odrasle paciente, hospitalizirane v Univerzitetnem kliničnem centru Ljubljana. Podatki so se zbirali na za to posebej razvitem instrumentu, pri čemer je bila ogroženost za padce vrednotena z Morsejino lestvico. Podatki so se zbirali od oktobra do novembra 2015. Poleg osnovne deskriptivne statistike so bili uporabljeni tudi Mann-Whitneyjev test, test ANOVA in Pearsonov korelacijski test.Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala, da je v akutni zdravstveni obravnavi v slovenski terciarni bolnišnici zmerno do visoko ogroženih za padce 69,1 % (n = 940) pacientov, od tega je 28,0 % (n = 381) visoko ogroženih. Ogroženost pacientov za padce je pozitivno povezana s starostjo (r = 0,462, p < 0,001). Razlikuje se tudi glede na kliniko (F = 29,210, p < 0,001), specialnost stroke (Z = –5,660, p < 0,001) ter kategorijo zahtevnosti zdravstvene nege (F = 125,464, p < 0,001).Diskusija in zaključek: Pomembno bolj ogroženi so starejši, pacienti, razvrščeni v višje kategorije zahtevnosti bolnišnične zdravstvene nege, ter pacienti, zdravljeni v okviru internističnih strok. Rutinsko ocenjevanje ogroženosti, načrtovanje in izvajanje ukrepov za preprečevanje padcev so temelji zmanjševanja padcev.
The aim of our study was to determine the self-reported incidence and prevalence of running-related injuries among participants of the 18
Ljubljana Marathon, and to identify risk factors for their ...occurrence.
A customized questionnaire was distributed over registration. Independent samples of t-test and chi-square test were used to calculate the differences in risk factors occurrence in the injured and non-injured group. Factors which appeared significantly more frequently in the injured group were included further into multiple logistic regression analysis.
The reported lifetime running injury (absence >2 weeks) incidence was: 46% none, 47% rarely, 4% occasionally, and 2% often. Most commonly injured body regions were: knee (30%), ankle and Achilles' tendon (24%), foot (15%), and calf (12%). Male gender, running history of 1-3 years, and history of previous injuries were risk factors for life-time running injury. In the season preceding the event, 65% of participants had not experienced any running injuries, 19% of them reported minor problems (max 2 weeks absenteeism), but 10% and 7% suffered from moderate (absence 3-4 weeks) or major (more than 4 weeks pause) injuries. BMI was identified as the solely risk factor.
This self-reported study revealed a 53% lifetime prevalence of running-related injuries, with the predominate involvement of knee, ankle and Achilles' tendon. One out of three recreational runners experienced at least one minor running injury per season. It seems that male gender, short running experience, previous injury, and BMI do increase the probability for running-related injuries.
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is measuring a patient's experience of his health status and represents an outcome of medical interventions. Existing data proves that a healthy lifestyle is ...positively associated with HRQoL in all age groups. Patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease typically led an unhealthy lifestyle combined with risk diseases. We aimed to analyse these characteristics and their reflection in HRQoL.
A cross-sectional study in 36 family practices, stratified by location and size. Each practice invited 30 high-risk patients from the register. Data were obtained from medical records and patient questionnaire. The EQ-5D questionnaire and the VAS scale were used for measuring the patient's HRQoL as an independent variable.
871 patients (80.6% response rate) were included in the analysis. 60.0% had 3-4 uncontrolled risk factors for CVD. The average VAS scale was 63.2 (SD 19.4). The correlation of EQ-5D was found in the number of visits in the practice (r=-0.31, p<0.001), the socioeconomic status (r=-0.25, p=0.001), age (r=-0.27, p=0.001) and healthy diet (r=0.20, p=0.006). In a multivariate model, only physical activity among lifestyle characteristics was an independent predictor of HRQoL (p=0.001, t=3.3), along with the frequency of visits (p<0.001, t=-5.3) and age (p=0.025, t=-2.2).
This study has been performed on a specific group of patients, not being "really sick", but having less optimal lifestyle in many cases. Encouragement to improve or keep healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity, is important, not only to lower the risk for CVD, but also to improve HRQoL.
Izhodišče: Zvečana debelina intime in medije (DIM) na karotidnih arterijah in znižani gleženjski indeks (GI) veljata za zgodnja kazalnika ateroskleroze. Cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti pomen DIM na ...karotidnih arterijah in GI kot kazalnika ateroskleroze pri bolnikih s prebolelim akutnim miokardnim infarktom (AMI).Metode: Raziskali smo dve skupini preiskovancev. V testni skupini je bilo 50 bolnikov s prebolelim AMI med 38. in 78. letom starosti, od tega 32 moških in 18 žensk. Kontrolna skupina, ki je imela tudi 50 preiskovancev brez ishemične bolezni srca, je bila primerljiva s testno po starosti, spolu in kraju bivanja. Meritve debeline intime in medije so bile izvedene z B-ultrazvočnim prikazom z visoko resolucijo, in sicer na zadnji steni na treh različnih mestih karotidnega žilja: v področju skupne karotidne arterije 1 cm pod začetkom razcepišča in v področju bulbusa in notranje karotidne arterije 1 cm za razcepiščem. Periferno arterijsko bolezen (PAB) na spodnjih udih, gleženjski indeks je bil 0,9 ali manj, smo ugotavljali z merjenjem sistoličnega krvnega tlaka z ultrazvočnim dopplerskim detektorjem.Rezultati: V testni skupini je imelo 32 (64 %) preiskovancev maksimalno zadebelitev intime in medije nad 0,9 mm, medtem ko je bila v kontrolni skupini pri 16 (32 %) preiskovancih ugotovljena DIM nad 0,9 (p < 0,05). Povprečna DIM pri preiskovancih s prebolelim AMI (mediana 0,85, interkvartilni razmik (0,72–0,95) je bila v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino 0,74 (0,67–0,86) statistično značilno večja (p < 0,05). Bolniki z AMI in PAB so imeli pomembno večjo DIM 0,93 (0,86–1,03) v primerjavi z bolniki z AMI in brez PAB 0,73 (0,65–0,84), (p < 0,001). Razlika v DIM med bolniki z AMI z dvigom ST-veznice (STEMI), 0,84 (0,70–0,96), in bolnikov z AMI brez dviga ST-veznice (NSTEMI), 0,89 (0,79–0,95), ni bila statistično značilna. PAB smo ugotovili pri 24 (48 %) bolnikih s prebolelim AMI in pri 10 (20 %) preiskovancih kontrolne skupine (p < 0,05).Zaključek: Bolniki s prebolelim AMI so imeli pomembno večjo debelino intime in medije in večjo prevalenco PAB v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino. Pri preiskovancih testne in kontrolne skupine smo ugotovili zvečano debelino intime in medije ter znižan gleženjski indeks kot kazalnika ateroskleroze.
In the second Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute-care ...hospitals, we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified risk factors.
Patients from acute-care hospitals were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in October 2011. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors.
Among 5628 patients, 3.8% had at least one HAI and additional 2.6% were still being treated for HAIs on the day of the survey; the prevalence of HAIs was 6.4%. The prevalence of urinary tract infections was the highest (1.4%), followed by pneumoniae (1.3%) and surgical site infections (1.2%). In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 35.7%. Risk factors for HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.0; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.9-5.7), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5-2.6), intubation (aOR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.4-3.5) and rapidly fatal underlying condition (aOR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.3).
The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute-care hospitals in 2011 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.
In the third Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals, ...we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified factors associated with them.
Patients were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in November 2017. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors.
Among 5,743 patients, 4.4% had at least one HAI and an additional 2.2% were still treated for HAIs on the day of the survey, with a prevalence of HAIs of 6.6%. The prevalence of pneumoniae was the highest (1.8%), followed by surgical site infections (1.5%) and urinary tract infections (1.2%). Prevalence of blood stream infections was 0.3%. In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 30.6%. Factors associated with HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio aOR 4.1; 95% confidence intervals CI: 3.1-5.4), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 3.0; 95% CI: 2.3-3.9), urinary catheter (aOR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4-2.3).
The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute care hospitals in 2017 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent public health problem with osteoporosis-related fractures that account for high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prevention strategies and early detection of ...osteoporosis should be carried out in primary gynaecological care units, so as to substantially reduce the risk of fractures and allow the best treatment option for a particular woman.
From 2002 to 2011, we recruited 2956 women. Of the total number of women, we additionally extrapolated 1274 women aged 60-75 years, assumingly, the group of women at higher risk of osteoporosis. Demographic and anthropometrical data as well as the information regarding risk factors for osteoporosis were collected using a questionnaire.
The odds ratio for osteoporosis increased by 8% (p=0.001) with each additional year of life. The OP prevalence increased with age from 24.9% in 60-64 years to 37.4% in 70-75 years. In non-smokers the odds ratio for osteoporosis was 0.424, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). BMI <18.5 increased the odds ratio for osteoporosis by 2 times, which was not statistically significant. In women 60-75 years old (N=1274), the risk of fractures increased with increasing age, considering previous fractures in the last 5 years (p<0.001), hip fracture (p=0.001), wrist fracture (p=0.002) and observed height loss (p<0.001). Hormone therapy (HT) use decreased the prevalence of OP by 25% in comparison with non-users.
Primary care gynaecologist with a DXA centre has every opportunity for a holistic approach to the management of postmenopausal women, including the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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