Objective: Psychological factors, including psychological distress and well-being, have been associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Here, we examined whether a psychological process, namely ...how individuals cope with stressors, relates to such risk, which has been understudied. Method: During 2004–2006, 2,142 participants without heart disease and diabetes from the Midlife in the U.S. study completed a validated coping inventory assessing six strategies (positive reinterpretation and growth, active coping, planning, focus on and venting of emotion, denial, and behavioral disengagement) and relevant covariates. As a proxy for coping flexibility, participants were also classified as having lower, moderate, or greater variability in their use of these strategies. Heart disease and diabetes were documented in 2013–2015. Logistic regressions modeled adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of developing heart disease and diabetes, separately, with coping exposures. Results: In sociodemographic-adjusted models, greater use of adaptive strategies predicted lower diabetes risk (e.g., positive reinterpretation and growth: AOR = 0.83; 95% CI 0.72, 0.96); estimates were weaker for maladaptive strategies, and all strategies were unrelated to heart disease. All associations for coping variability were null. In secondary analyses, greater use of adaptive strategies predicted lower heart disease risk in more educated participants only (e.g., active coping: AOR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.55, 0.92) and lower diabetes risk in females only (e.g., planning: AOR = 0.75; 95% CI 0.61, 0.91). Results were maintained additionally adjusting for health, behavioral, and social factors. Conclusions: Findings suggest sex and education differences in coping’s association with heart disease and diabetes. Future studies should recognize adaptive strategies may be more potent for health among certain populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
The present study examines the influence of teachers' demographic characteristics (including school type, teacher age, seniority in education, and school sizeon the school principal leadership styles ...in Bedouin schools in Israel. The evidence was collected from 303 teachers in Bedouin schools in Israel. One-way ANOVA tests of differences in principals' leadership styles according to teachers' demographic characteristics were used. Results indicated that teachers' demographic characteristics significantly affect principals' leadership styles in Bedouin schools in Israel.
Mortality rates of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) continue to rise across the world. The impact of several risk factors on coronavirus mortality has been previously reported in several ...meta-analyses limited by small sample sizes. In this systematic review, we aimed to summarize available findings on the association between comorbidities, complications, smoking status, obesity, gender, age and D-dimer, and risk of mortality from COVID-19 using a large dataset from a number of studies. Electronic databases including Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences (WOS), EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, COVID-19 Research Database, and Scopus, were systematically searched till 31 August 2020. We included all human studies regardless of language, publication date or region. Forty-two studies with a total of 423,117 patients met the inclusion criteria. To pool the estimate, a mixed-effect model was used. Moreover, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were evaluated. The findings of the included studies were consistent in stating the contribution of comorbidities, gender, age, smoking status, obesity, acute kidney injury, and D-dimer as a risk factor to increase the requirement for advanced medical care. The analysis results showed that the pooled prevalence of mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was 17.62% (95% CI 14.26-21.57%, 42 studies and 423,117 patients). Older age has shown increased risk of mortality due to coronavirus and the pooled odds ratio (pOR) and hazard ratio (pHR) were 2.61 (95% CI 1.75-3.47) and 1.31 (95% CI 1.11-1.51), respectively. A significant association were found between COVID-19 mortality and male (pOR = 1.45; 95% CI 1.41-1.51; pHR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.07-1.41), and current smoker (pOR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.01-1.83). Furthermore, risk of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients is highly influenced by patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), diabetes, hypertension, obese, cancer, acute kidney injury and increase D-dimer. Chronic comorbidities, complications, and demographic variables including acute kidney injury, COPD, diabetes, hypertension, CVD, cancer, increased D-dimer, male gender, older age, current smoker, and obesity are clinical risk factors for a fatal outcome associated with coronavirus. The findings could be used for disease's future research, control and prevention.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Digital shopping applications and platforms offer consumers a numerous array of products with diverse styles and style attributes. Existing literature suggests that style preferences are determined ...by consumers’ genders, ages, education levels, and nationalities. In this study, we argue the feasibility and necessity of self-monitoring as an additional consumer variable impacting product style perception and preference through the utilization of eye-tracking technology. Three eye-movement experiments were conducted on forty-two participants (twenty males and twenty-two females; Age: M = 22.8, SD = 1.63). The results showed participants with higher levels of self-monitoring exhibited shorter total fixation durations and fewer fixation counts while examining images of watch product styles. In addition, gender exerted an interaction effect on self-monitoring’s impact, with female participants of high self-monitoring ability able to perceive differences in product styles more rapidly and with greater sensitivity. Overall, the results highlight the utility of self-monitoring as a research variable in product style perception investigations, as well as its implication for style intelligence classifiers, and style neuroimaging.
•The higher the level of self-monitoring, the shorter the total fixation duration and the lower the fixation count attempts when perceiving the style of the product display page.•Gender had a significant effect on self-monitoring levels. In the same level of self-monitoring, the male group generally spent more time looking than the female group.•Gender and self-monitoring have an interaction effect on fixation duration when doing search tasks on the product display page.•Females with high self-monitoring abilities can perceive product style changes more quickly and sensitively on the display page.
Stress generation posits that (a) individuals at-risk for psychopathology may inadvertently experience higher rates of prospective dependent stress (i.e., stressors that are in part influenced by ...their thoughts and behaviors) but not independent stress (i.e., stressors occurring outside their influence), and (b) this elevated dependent stress, in some measure, is what places these individuals at-risk for future psychopathology. In recognition of 30 years of stress generation research, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using frequentist and Bayesian approaches (102 articles with 104 eligible studies, N = 31,541). Generally strong support was found for psychopathology predicting dependent stress (e.g., ds Overall psychopathology = 0.36–0.52, BF₁₀ = 946.00 to 4.65 × 10¹⁸). Moderator analyses for dependent stress revealed larger effects for briefer assessments periods, shorter follow-ups, and self-report measures than for interviews. Among risk factors, depressogenic cognitive styles (ds = .26–.50, BF₁₀ = 47.50 to 1.00 × 10⁵) and general interpersonal vulnerability (ds = .26–.44, BF₁₀ = 2.72 to 2708.00) received the strongest support as stress generation mechanisms, and current evidence is modest for protective factors predicting dependent stress. Overall, larger effects were generally found for prospective prediction of dependent stress than independent stress. Evaluations of mediation in the research literature were relatively few, limiting the current review to qualitative analysis of the mediation component of stress generation. General support was found, however, for dependent stress as a mediator for psychopathology and associated risk factors in relation to subsequent psychopathology. The current review ends with recommendations for future research and integration of stress generation within minority stress frameworks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
This study aims to investigate the predictive occupant demographic characteristics of thermal sensation (TS) and thermal satisfaction (TSa) as well as to find the most effective machine learning (ML) ...algorithms for predicting TS and TSa. To achieve this, a survey campaign was carried out in three mixed-mode buildings to develop TS and TSa prediction models by using six ML algorithms (Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighborhood (KNN) and Support Vector Machine). The prediction models were developed based on six demographic characteristics (gender, age, thermal history, education level, income, occupation). The results show that gender, age, and thermal history are significant predictors of both TS and TSa. Education level, income, and occupation were not significant predictors of TS, but were significant predictors of TSa. The study also found that RF and KNN are the most effective ML algorithms for predicting TS, while DT and RF are the most effective ML algorithms for predicting TSa. The study found that the accuracy of TS prediction models ranges from 83% to 99%, with neutral being the most correctly classified scale. The accuracy of TSa prediction models ranges from 84% to 97%, with dissatisfaction being the most common misclassification.
•Thermal sensation is influenced by gender, age and thermal history.•Thermal satisfaction is influenced by gender, age, thermal history, education level and monthly income.•RF is the most effective ML algorithm for predicting thermal sensation.•DT and RF are the most effective ML algorithms for predicting thermal satisfaction.
Introduction: Food insecurity is a public health concern that may lead to malnutrition in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between demographic characteristics and ...food security level with nutritional status among children from food-insecure households in Simunjan District, Sarawak. Methods: This study involved a total of 171 mother-and-child pairs from two Maternal and Child Health Clinics (Simunjan and Gedong) using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Food insecurity status was determined using Radimer/Cornell Hunger Food Insecurity Instrument, while child’s weight and height were measured following standard procedures. Chi-squared test of independence and binary logistic regression were used during data analysis. Results: The prevalences for household food insecurity, individual food insecurity, and child hunger were 70.8%, 15.2%, and 14.0%, respectively. The main nutritional problems for children aged 24–59 months were underweight (17.9%) and stunting (17.9%), while for children aged 60–144 months were overweight and obesity (27.5%). Children of mothers over 34 years old (AOR=2.367; 95% CI: 1.085, 5.164), and those aged 60–144 months (AOR=3.619; 95% CI: 1.521, 8.613) had increased odds of being overweight or obese. Meanwhile, children of working mothers (AOR=6.526; 95% CI: 1.108, 38.449) were more likely to have a thinness problem than children of unemployed mothers. However, no association was found between the severity of food insecurity with children’s nutritional status. Conclusion: Malnutrition in children remains a public health concern in Simunjan District, and it is linked to mother’s age and employment status. An intervention programme is required to ameliorate the situation.
The purpose of this study is to examine the relations among teacher value beliefs, personal characteristics, and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) in both intervention and ...non-intervention settings. One-hundred and nine in-service teachers from elementary to high schools participate in this study. Our findings reveal that compared to personal characteristics, teacher value beliefs are the only variable that can significantly predict TPACK across both settings. In addition, in the non-intervention setting, the relations between personal characteristics and TPACK are also moderated by teacher value beliefs. How to foster teacher value beliefs around technology integration is discussed.
•Examine the relations among value beliefs, personal characteristics, and TPACK.•The study was situated in intervention and non-intervention settings.•Value beliefs significantly predicted TPACK in both settings.•The moderation effects of value beliefs were found in non-intervention settings.•Value beliefs act as the pivotal factor for reframing teacher learning programs.
Drawing on upper echelon theory, this study investigates the impact of CEOs’ (chief executive officers) demographic characteristics on corporate environmental performance (CEP) in small and ...medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We hypothesized that CEO characteristics, including gender, age, basic educational level, professional educational level, political connection, and ethnicity, affect SMEs’ environmental performance. Using the cross-sectional data analysis of 810 Vietnamese SMEs, this study provides evidence that female CEOs and CEOs’ educational level (both basic and professional) are positively related to the probability of CEP. We also find that based on the role of institutional environment on CEP, political connections had a negative effect on CEP in the context of Vietnam. Another finding is that SMEs with chief executives from ethnic minority groups show a higher level of the probability of corporate environmental performance than companies operated by Kinh chief executives. Since CEP is an essential dimension of corporate social responsibility, a strategic decision for SMEs, it is crucial for the company to select appropriate CEOs based on their demographic characteristics.
Productivity refers to the maximum use of human resources in service provision. Due to the existence of advanced equipment and instruments for surgery, the operating room is one of the most complex ...and income-generating sections of a hospital. Since the improvement of operating room nurses’ productivity can lead to enhanced hospital productivity, this study was done to determine the productivity rate of operating room nurses in Iran.
This cross-sectional study was done on 533 operating room nurses from 8 metropolises in Iran in 2022. The sampling method in this research was multistage. The data collection instruments were Hersy & Belanchard & Gold.Smith productivity questionnaire and demographic characteristics. After receiving the ethics code, data collection was done for three months. Descriptive and inferential analyses, including independent t-tests and analysis of variance, were used for data analysis. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 18. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The mean age of the participants was 29.83 ± 5.94 and 421 of the participants were women. The mean and SD for total productivity in operating room nurses was obtained at 60.83 ± 12.78, below average. Data analysis shows that total productivity was significantly associated with marital status (P-value = 0.035) and working experience (P-value = 0.019).
Considering the low mean productivity rate of operating room nurses, researchers recommend that hospital managers pay more attention to the productivity of operating room nurses by knowing the influential factors and implementing proper and high-quality management.
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