This unique resource presents current issues in sports and exercise medicine which outlines new areas of knowledge and provides updates on current knowledge in the broad field of sports and exercise ...medicine.Written by experts in their own sub-disciplines, Current Issues in Sports and Exercise Medicine discusses the physiology behind sports injuries and presents new and exciting approaches to manage such injuries. In addition, the book explores the relationship between exercise, health and performance by providing new information in areas such as exercise and immunity, the use of iron supplementation for performance, how exercise affects reactive oxygen species, and the proposed benefits of real and simulated altitude training.This book is well referenced and illustrated and will be a valuable resource for sports medicine specialists, physiologists, coaches, physical conditioners, physiotherapists and graduate and medical school students.
The problems of development and manufacture of calibrating flow-metering installations for counters of various fluids are discussed. The general design and metrological requirements of such ...installations are formulated. A version is proposed for practical actualization of these requirements on the example of creation of flow-metering installations for water counters and meters based on heat counters.
This article addresses the issue of corruption diagnostics. It analyses the existing approaches to measure corruption, namely the perception-based approach, the experience-based approach, the ...tracking approach and the legal statistics approach. The article discusses the possibilities and difficulties that measuring of corruption presents and offers global and national examples to illustrate that. It also addresses in greater detail corruption research carried out in Lithuania. Finally, the article presents the summary of the insights made, discusses the challenges of corruption diagnostics and its possible solutions.
P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is an ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporter that is often overexpressed in tumours, contributing significantly to their multidrug resistance. In this study, we explored whether ...the radiotracers used in tumour diagnostics can be used for in vivo visualisation of Pgp-related multidrug resistance. We also examined the effects of different Pgp modulators on the accumulation of these radioligands in tumours with or without Pgp expression. In a SCID BC-17 mouse model, cells of the drug-sensitive KB-3-1 (MDR(-)) and the KB-V1 Pgp-expressing (MDR(+)) human epidermoid carcinoma cell lines were inoculated to yield tumours in opposite flanks. For in vivo scintigraphic (biodistribution) and positron emission tomography (PET) examinations, the mice were injected with technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxybutylisonitrile ((99m)Tc-MIBI), carbon-11 labelled methionine and fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxy- d-glucose ((18)FDG). For validation, in vitro cell studies with (99m)Tc-MIBI,( 99m)Tc-tetrofosmin, (11)Cmethionine and (18)FDG were carried out using a gamma counter. The expression and function of the MDR product were proved by immunohistochemistry and spectrofluorimetry. (99m)Tc-MIBI uptake was significantly lower in KB-V1 cells as compared with KB-3-1-derived tumours in vivo (Pgp(+)/Pgp(-) =0.61+/-0.13; P<0.01) and cells in vitro (Pgp(+)/Pgp(-) =0.08+/-0.01; P<0.001).()Cyclosporin A reversed (99m)Tc-MIBI uptake in the Pgp+ cells, while verapamil failed to modify it. (18)FDG uptake was significantly higher in KB-V1 tumours (Pgp(+)/Pgp(-) =1.36+/-0.05; P<0.01) and cells (Pgp(+)/Pgp(- )=1.52+/-0.12; P<0.001). Whereas cyclosporin A eliminated the difference between FDG uptake in MDR(+) and MDR(-) cell lines, verapamil significantly increased it. When the animals were treated with verapamil, the ratio of (99m)Tc-MIBI uptake in the MDR(+) tumours to that in the MDR(-) tumours decreased to 0.38+/-0.05 ( P<0.01), while the ratio of (18)FDG uptake increased to 2.1+/-0.3 ( P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the (11)Cmethionine uptake in the MDR(+) and MDR(-) tumours and cell lines, nor was (11)Cmethionine accumulation modified by cyclosporin A. Parallel administration of (18)FDG and (99m)Tc-MIBI combined with verapamil treatment seems to be a good candidate as a non-invasive marker for the diagnosis of MDR-related Pgp expression in tumours.
Whether you are following a problem-based, an integrated, or a more traditional medical course, clinical biochemistry is often viewed as one of the more challenging subjects to grasp. What you need ...is a single resource that not only explains the biochemical underpinnings of metabolic medicine, but also integrates laboratory findings with clinical p
Requesting laboratory tests and interpreting the results. Water and sodium. The kidneys. Acid-base disturbances. Potassium. Calcium, phosphate and magnesium. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The adrenal cortex. The reproductive system. Pregnancy and infertility. Thyroid function. Carbohydrate metabolism. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Nutrition. Vitamins, trace elements and metals. The gastrointestinal tract. Liver disorders and gallstones. Plasma enzymes in diagnosis (clinical enzymology). Proteins in plasma and urine. Purine and urate metabolism. Disorders of haem metabolism: iron and the porphyrias. Cardiovascular disease. Cerebrospinal and pleural fluid. Metabolic effects of tumours. Therapeutic drug monitoring and poisoning. Clinical biochemistry at the extremes of age. Inborn errors of metabolism. Genetics and DNA-based technology in clinical biochemistry. Patient sample collection and use of the laboratory. Point of care testing. Appendix 1 Units in clinical chemistry.
Professor Martin Andrew Crook, Consultant in Chemical Pathology and Metabolic Medicine, Guy's, St Thomas' and University Hospital Lewisham and Visiting Professor, School of Science, University of Greenwich, London, UK
Zusammenfassung
Die Wende in der Energiepolitik stellt die Hochspannungstechnik als Schlüsseltechnologie für eine nachhaltige, ausfallsichere, umweltfreundlichere und effiziente Energieversorgung vor ...neue Herausforderungen. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet ausgewählte technologische Entwicklungen der Hochspannungstechnik. Besondere Bedeutung kommt dabei der Entwicklung in der Isolierstofftechnik, z. B. neue, umweltfreundliche Gase oder Gasgemische, biologische oder synthetische Isolierflüssigkeiten sowie neuen Systemen von Feststoffisolierungen zu. Einfluss auf diese Entwicklungen nimmt auch die Nanotechnologie im Bereich der Nanodielectrics bzw. der Nanofluids. Zu diesen Entwicklungen kommen auch die neuen Möglichkeiten in der Messtechnik und der Diagnostik, die wesentlich für die Qualität der Systeme sind, wie etwa die Teilentladungsdiagnostik oder die Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der verschiedenen Isolierstoffe.
PDF
