Heparin, a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan, is a naturally occurring anticoagulant that plays a vital role in various physiological processes. The remarkable structural complexity of heparin, ...consisting of repeating disaccharide units, makes it a crucial molecule for the development of commercial drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in the development of cost-effective adsorbents specifically designed for the adsorption of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa. This advancement has been driven by the need for efficient and scalable methods to extract heparin from natural sources. In this study, we investigated the use of cationic ammonium-functionalized diatomaceous earth, featuring enhanced porosity, larger surface area, and higher thermal stability, to maximize the isolated heparin recovery. Our results showed that the higher cationic density and less bulky quaternary modified diatomaceous earth (QDADE) could adsorb up to 16.3 mg·g
(31%) of heparin from the real mucosa samples. Additionally, we explored the conditions of the adsorbent surface for recovery of the heparin molecule and optimized various factors, such as temperature and pH, to optimize the heparin uptake. This is the introductory account of the implementation of modified diatomaceous earth with quaternary amines for heparin capture.
Tylosin, an antibiotic used for maintaining livestock health, is a macrolide structurally similar to a number of important, often prescribed human antibiotics. Because of this relationship, tylosin ...presents a potential threat of antimicrobial resistance from environmental buildup. This work investigated tylosin sorption to natural diatomaceous earth product (DE) and the types of physical interactions responsible for sorption. Most sorption processes were best described by the Langmuir model when compared with Freundlich model. Heat of sorption (ΔH) was 1.14 kJ mol−1 indicating a physisorption process. Change in entropy (ΔS) was 119 J mol−1. Sorption was evaluated from aqueous solution with various H+, KCl and Urea concentrations. In 0.01 M phosphate buffer (PB) pH 6.6, a maximum sorption capacity of 15 mg tylosin per g of DE was achieved. Changing the pH to 2.9 or 11.2 resulted in decreased sorption of tylosin (13 and 10 mg g−1, respectively). Addition of 1 M KCl to 0.01 M PB pH 6.6 decreased sorption of tylosin to DE with the maximum binding capacity of 7 mg g−1. Sorption in 1.0 M urea, 0.01 M phosphate buffer pH 6.6 showed a maximum sorption of 13 mg g−1. Based on these results, the sorption of tylosin appears to be a physisorption process, with charge-charge interactions being the mode of sorption at neutral pH and small contributions from secondary interactions. This information will be useful for developing effective strategies for mitigating tylosin and other antimicrobial's impact on the environment.
Display omitted
•Tylosin physisorbed to diatomaceous earth with max loading of 18 mg/g.•Initial sorption event occurred rapidly followed by a much slower sorption event.•Highest sorption occurred at pH 6.6 compared to pH 2.9 and 11.2.•Salt and urea decreased sorption at concentrations above 0.01 M.•Sorption occurred by cationic and hydrophobic/hydrogen bonding interactions.
Nowadays, we are tackling various issues related to the overuse of synthetic insecticides. Growing concerns about biodiversity, animal and human welfare, and food security are pushing agriculture ...toward a more sustainable approach, and research is moving in this direction, looking for environmentally friendly alternatives to be adopted in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) protocols. In this regard, inert dusts, especially diatomaceous earths (DEs), hold a significant promise to prevent and control a wide range of arthropod pests. DEs are a type of naturally occurring soft siliceous sedimentary rock, consisting of the fossilized exoskeleton of unicellular algae, which are called diatoms. Mainly adopted for the control of stored product pests, DEs have found also their use against some household insects living in a dry environment, such as bed bugs, or insects of agricultural interest. In this article, we reported a comprehensive review of the use of DEs against different arthropod pest taxa, such as Acarina, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Ixodida, Lepidoptera, when applied either alone or in combination with other techniques. The mechanisms of action of DEs, their real-world applications, and challenges related to their adoption in IPM programs are critically reported.
This study uses waste materials, specifically diatomaceous earth (DE) that is rich in aluminum and silica, as a sustainable source for aluminosilicate precursors in geopolymers to replace ...conventional cement in mortar applications. While the use of DE shows promising results, it lacks sufficient alumina content, thereby demanding the introduction of alumina powder. However, the effectiveness of this addition is limited, as unreacted alumina particles were observed in the X-ray diffraction and SEM analyses. This could potentially impact various geopolymer properties due to the incomplete achievement of the desired silicon/aluminum (Si/Al) ratio. Achieving the appropriate Si/Al balance remains crucial for geopolymers to realize their potential as environmentally friendly alternatives to Portland cement.
Acaricidal efficacy of two Turkish diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations (Detechsup.® WP95 and Detechsup.® Dust) were applied on a concrete surface at five different concentrations at 25 ± 1 °C and 75 ...± 5% RH. Mite mortalities were observed after 6- and 18-hour exposure periods dust and WP formulations, respectively. In conclusion, our laboratory tests indicated that both WP and dust formulations of local diatomaceous earth can cause 100% mortality in 24 h on average and can be a promising alternative to conventional chemical acaricides. Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) is a cosmopolite mite species commonly in found food and stored products. In this study, the acaricidal activity of two Turkish diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations (Detechsup.® WP95 and Detechsup.® Dust) were applied on a concrete surface at five different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g/msup.2 ) and dead individuals were counted at 11 different time intervals (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 h) at a temperature of 25 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity (RH). Mite mortalities were observed after 6- and 18-hour exposure periods at all concentrations of dust and wettable powder (WP) formulations, respectively. Specifically, 100% mortality for the WP formulation was achieved at the highest concentration of 10 g/msup.2 after 15 h of exposure and after 27 h and 30 h for the lowest concentration. In the case of dust formulation, mortalities were observed after 3 h of exposure at all concentrations except at 1 g/msup.2 , while a 100% mortality rate was achieved after 21 h of exposure to all concentrations and after 18 h of exposure for 7.5 g/msup.2 and 10 g/msup.2 . This study indicates that both WP and dust formulations of local diatomaceous earth can cause 100% mortality in 24 h on average and can be a promising alternative to conventional chemical acaricides.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Double shell FeOOH/PPy on a diatomite ternary complex was assembled
via
two-step hydrothermal and
in situ
polymerization routes. The polymerization process generates chemical bonding and introduces ...oxygen vacancies and mesopores, enhancing the conductivity and electrochemical properties of the electrodes and ensuring structural stability.
Double shell FeOOH/PPy on a diatomite ternary complex was assembled
via
two-step hydrothermal and
in situ
polymerization routes.
Display omitted
•V-doped TiO2/diatomite composite photocatalyst was synthesized.•The physiochemical property and solar light photoactivity were characterized.•The presence and influence of V ions in ...TiO2 matrix was systematically analyzed.•The photocatalysis for Rhodamine B were studied under solar light illumination.
V-doped TiO2/diatomite composite photocatalysts with different vanadium concentrations were synthesized by a modified sol–gel method. The diatomite was responsible for the well dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles on the matrix and consequently inhibited the agglomeration. V-TiO2/diatomite hybrids showed red shift in TiO2 absorption edge with enhanced absorption intensity. Most importantly, the dopant energy levels were formed in the TiO2 bandgap due to V4+ ions substituted to Ti4+ sites. The 0.5% V-TiO2/diatomite photocatalyst displayed narrower bandgap (2.95eV) compared to undoped sample (3.13eV) and other doped samples (3.05eV) with higher doping concentration. The photocatalytic activities of V doped TiO2/diatomite samples for the degradation of Rhodamine B under stimulated solar light illumination were significantly improved compared with the undoped sample. In our case, V4+ ions incorporated in TiO2 lattice were responsible for increased visible-light absorption and electron transfer to oxygen molecules adsorbed on the surface of TiO2 to produce superoxide radicals O2–, while V5+ species presented on the surface of TiO2 particles in the form of V2O5 contributed to e––h+ separation. In addition, due to the combination of diatomite as support, this hybrid photocatalyst could be separated from solution quickly by natural settlement and exhibited good reusability.
Display omitted
•A novel high-efficiency composite named PA@NH2-MCM41 was synthesized via self-assembly.•Nano-Al dust explosion was completely suppressed by only 33.3 wt% PA@NH2-MCM41.•A complex film ...based on Alx(HiPhy) was formed during the explosion suppression process.•The excellent capacity of PA@NH2-MCM41 was due to the synergy between gas and condensed phase effects.
A novel chemical suppressant (PA@NH2-MCM41) was synthesized via self-assembly. NH2-MCM-41 was prepared using diatomaceous earth (DE) as the silica source. FTIR spectra showed that phytic acid (PA) was successfully grafted onto synthesized NH2-MCM-41 via hydrogen bonding. The highly ordered mesoporous structure of PA@NH2-MCM41 was observed from TEM and small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD). The effectiveness of PA@NH2-MCM41 in the suppression of nano-Al dust explosions was investigated. Experimental results suggested that the addition of PA@NH2-MCM41 could effectively reduce the average flame propagation velocity (Vavg) and maximum explosion pressure (Pmax). After the addition of 16.7 wt% PA@NH2-MCM41, the Vavg of the gas-phase flame was reduced by 75%. With addition of 28.6 wt% PA@NH2-MCM41, the Pmax of nano-Al dust decreased by 65.7%. As the mass fraction of PA@NH2-MCM41was increased to 33.3%, nano-Al dust explosion was completely suppressed. The SEM, FTIR and EDS results showed that a complex sealing film was formed on the surface of the explosion products, which occupied the open sites on the Al surface and thereby interrupted the Al evaporation and surface reaction. Subsequently, the suppression mechanism by which phosphorus containing suppressants consume free radicals and the interaction of PA molecules with the aluminum particle surface were revealed in depth.
The control of triatomine vectors depends almost exclusively on conventional insecticides. These compounds can, nevertheless, cause negative effects on environmental and human health as well as ...induce resistance in triatomines. Therefore, we need to look for more sustainable alternatives. Triatoma pallidipennis is one of the main chagasic vectors in Mexico. We evaluated the insecticidal effectiveness of two oils (neem and cinnamon), and two desiccants (potassium salts of fatty acids and diatomaceous earth), on 3rd instar nymphs of T. pallidipennis. The laboratory test involved direct exposure of the treatments to the insects. We found that diatomaceous earths caused 80 % mortality of nymphs after 30 days. Meanwhile, the cumulative mortality for the other treatments did not exceed 50 %. When applied to inert surfaces, the powder formulation of diatomaceous earth demonstrated greater effectiveness than the aqueous suspension. Thus, diatomaceous earth could be a promising alternative for an environmentally friendly control of triatomines.
Abstract
Diatomite is a kind of natural material with adsorption capacity and it’s widely used in industry. The main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration ...and modification time on the modification effect of diatomite. This article describes a modified method of diatomite, which can not only reduce the purification cost, but also improve the separation efficiency of solanesol. The results show that when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3mol/L and the treatment time is 50 minutes, the modification effect of diatomite is the best. The determination of the optimum technological conditions is conducive to the separation and purification of Solanesol by diatomite, and lays a foundation for the further development and utilization of diatomite.
PDF
