The prevalence of obesity in the adult is increasing each year due to increased consumption of fast food and decreased consumption of fiber. Based on Basic Health Research there was 20% of ...Indonesians suffered from obesity in 2018. The objective is to analyze changes in dietary fiber intake in adult obese in Bogor City. Methods: This research is conducted using secondary data from Risk-Factor of Non-Communicable Disease Bogor. The research design was prospective cohort. Total subjects were 138 subjects who were newly suffer from obesity in 2014 and 2016, and had normal BMI in baseline (2011 and 2012). Consumption data were collected using 24-hr recall and FFQ and were processed and analyzed using Nutri Survey, Microsoft excel and SPSS 23.0 version. Univariate analysis was used to see the characteristic of the subjects, while different test was using Wilcoxon test since the data are not distributed normally. Results,most subjects were women (77,5%) aged 35-44 years old. The mean of dietary fiber intake was at about 9,7 g in the beginning and it increased by 1,2 g. Despite the increment in the percentage of the people who consumed dietary fiber at about 58%, the mean was still under the recommendation (<25g) at 96,4%. Conclusions, there was an increasing number of dietary fiber in the obese adult who were newly suffered from obesity in two years follow-ups, but the intake is still under the recommendation.
Diet therapy is one of the most important treatments for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, dietary restrictions due to diet therapy may reduce quality of life (QOL). This cross-sectional ...study aimed to investigate the association between diabetes diet-related QOL and dietary fiber intake in 238 people with T2D. The Diabetes Diet-related Quality of Life–Revised version (DDRQOL-9-R) and the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire were used to evaluate diabetes diet-related QOL and nutritional intake, respectively. Higher scores of each DDRQOL-9-R subscale means greater satisfaction with diet, perceived merits of diet therapy, and lower burden of diet therapy, which indicates good QOL. The median scores for perceived merits of diet therapy, satisfaction with diet, and burden of diet therapy were 58.3 41.7–75.0, 75.0 66.7–91.7, and 66.7 50.0–75.0 points, respectively. HbA1c levels in people with high perceived merits of diet therapy (7.3 6.7–7.8 vs. 7.5 7.1–8.2 %, p = 0.007) and people with high satisfaction with diet (7.3 6.8–7.8 vs. 7.5 7.1–8.4 %, p = 0.010) were lower than those without. Dietary fiber intake was higher in people with high perceived merits of diet therapy (11.6 8.8–16.7 vs. 10.0 7.9–13.8 g/day, p = 0.010), high satisfaction with diet (11.4 8.8–16.1 vs. 9.7 7.8–13.2 g/day, p = 0.007), and low burden of diet therapy (11.8 8.7–16.5 vs. 9.7 7.8–12.6 g/day, p = 0.004) than in those without. Dietary fiber intake was related to perceived merits of diet therapy (Odds ratio OR1.07 95%CI: 1.00–1.15, p = 0.049), burden of diet therapy (OR 0.90 95%CI: 0.82–0.98, p = 0.022), and satisfaction with diet (OR 1.18 95%CI: 1.09–1.27, p < 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. Dietary fiber intake is associated with diabetes diet-related QOL in people with T2D.
Few studies have focused on the exploration of the relationship between dietary fiber intake (DFI) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its mediators in hypertensive patients. This study is ...a cross-sectional survey and the data were obtained from hypertensive patients from Suzhou, China. The DFI, office systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, anxiety and depression, and HRQoL were investigated. We hypothesized that blood pressure, anxiety, and depression mediated the association between DFI and HRQoL, and used Pearson correlations, linear regression, and bootstrap tests to validate this relationship. A total of 211 hypertensive patients aged 20 to 64 years were included in this study. The average DFI was 12.4 ± 5.2 g/d, and the scores of physical component summary and mental component summary (MCS) were 46.5 ± 6.1 and 46.4 ± 6.4, respectively. DFI was positively correlated with physical component summary (r = 0.17, p = 0.014) and MCS (r = 0.27, P < .001). After controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, neither systolic blood pressure nor diastolic blood pressure showed mediating effects in the mediated model of DFI on MCS, whereas anxiety (b = -0.30; 95% confidence interval, -0.41 to -0.18) fully mediated the improvement in MCS by DFI (F = 11.14, P < .001). Because the MCS of HRQoL encompassed the assessment of depression, we did not analyze the mediating effect of depression in this model in order to avoid variable duplication. The decreased DFI is a risk factor for lower HRQoL, and anxiety mediated the relationship between DFI and MCS. Further research should focus on increasing DFI and reducing anxiety levels in hypertensive patients to improve their quality of life.
Evidence of the association between dietary fiber intake and gastric cancer (GC) risk from prospective studies is limited. We examined the association between dietary fiber intake and GC risk in a ...large prospective study. A total of 91 946 eligible Japanese aged 45 to 74 years (42 773 men and 49 173 women) participated in a population‐based cohort study (Japan Public Health Center‐based prospective study). From a validated food frequency questionnaire with 138 food items, total and food source‐specific dietary fiber intake was calculated as exposure. The hazard ratio (HR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of GC incidence according to quintile of dietary fiber intake were examined after adjusting for confounding factors. In total, 2228 GC cases (1559 men and 669 women) were observed during the 15.0 years follow‐up. Total dietary fiber intake was not associated with GC risk; however, a marginally increased risk trend because of high HR in the highest quintile of total fiber intake was found in women (HR 95% CI in Q5 vs Q1: 0.95 0.79‐1.14, P for trend .30 in men, HR 95% CI 1.25 0.98‐1.61, P for trend .05 in women). Stratification by tumor location did not change the results. A marginal but not significant inverse trend was observed regarding cereal fiber intake and GC risk in men. Total dietary fiber intake was not associated with GC risk. Further studies are warranted to confirm this association.
What's new?
Since dietary fiber is abundantly contained in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, it is expected to have beneficial effects on health. But so far, only the association with decreased colorectal cancer risk has been fully established. In a 15‐year prospective study with more than 2000 gastric cancer cases from 91 946 Japanese subjects, total dietary fiber intake was not associated with gastric cancer risk. However, a marginally increased association between total fiber intake and gastric cancer incidence in women, and a non‐significant inverse trend with cereal fiber intake in men, was observed. Stratification by tumor location did not change the results.
Background: Hypercholesterolemia, defined as cholesterol levels of 200 mg/dl or above, is often attributable to lifestyle shifts, including changes in dietary habits, particularly noticeable in young ...adults. Objectives: This study seeks to establish the relationship between patterns of fast food and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, dietary fiber intake, and blood cholesterol levels in young adults. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 participants, selected through purposive sampling. The selection criteria included age between 18-25, non-smokers, no prior diagnosis of dyslipidemia or CHD, no family history of dyslipidemia, and not currently on a diet. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to gather data on fast food and SSB intake, dietary fiber intake was assessed through food records, and cholesterol levels were measured using the Easy Touch GCU tool. The chi-square likelihood test and Spearman rank were used to analyze the data. Results: The study revealed that 48% of participants had cholesterol levels of ≥200 mg/dl. Descriptive analysis showed that 46% of participants frequently consumed fast food, 53% frequently consumed SSBs, and all participants had a daily fiber intake of less than 25 g. Bivariate analysis revealed significant correlations between cholesterol levels and patterns of fast-food consumption (p-value=0.000), SSB intake (p-value=0.000), and dietary fiber intake (p-value=0.019), all with a negative directional correlation. Conclusions: Young adults with cholesterol levels of ≥200 mg/dl were predominantly those who frequently consumed fast food and SSBs, and had a low intake of dietary fiber.
An inverse association has been shown between dietary fiber intake and several noncommunicable diseases. However, evidence of this effect remains unclear in the Asian population.
We examined the ...association between dietary fiber intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, as well as the association between fiber intake from dietary sources and all-cause mortality.
We conducted a large-scale population-based cohort study (Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study). A validated questionnaire with 138 food items was completed by 92,924 participants (42,754 men and 50,170 women) aged 45–74 y. Dietary fiber intake was calculated and divided into quintiles. HR and 95% CI of total and cause-specific mortality were reported.
During the mean follow-up of 16.8 y, 19,400 deaths were identified. In multivariable adjusted models, total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intakes were inversely associated with all-cause mortality. The HRs of total mortality in the highest quintile of total fiber intake compared with the lowest quintile were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.82; Ptrend <0.0001) in men and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.89; Ptrend <0.0001) in women. Increased quintiles of dietary fiber intake were significantly associated with decreased mortality due to total cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, and injury in both men and women, whereas dietary fiber intake was inversely associated with cancer mortality in men but not women. Fiber from fruits, beans, and vegetables, but not from cereals, was inversely associated with total mortality.
In this large-scale prospective study with a long follow-up period, dietary fiber was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Since intakes of dietary fiber, mainly from fruits, vegetables, and beans were associated with lower all-cause mortality, these food sources may be good options for people aiming to consume more fiber.
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•Higher dietary and total fiber intake was significantly positively associated with cognitive function.•Fruit fiber intake was positively associated with Digit Symbol Substitution ...Test (DSST) and animal fluency test score.•Vegetable fiber intake was positively associated with DSST, CERAD word learning test and the composite cognition score.•No significant interaction effect between gender and fiber intake was found.
To investigate the association between dietary fiber intake and cognitive function in the US elderly, a cross-sectional study in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted. Higher dietary and total fiber intake were positively associated with the composite cognition score (P for trend < 0.05). Compared with the lowest quartile of fruit fiber intake, the second quartile was positively related with Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) score (β (95% CI): 1.75 (0.11, 3.38)), and the third quartile was positively related with animal fluency test score (β (95% CI): 0.71 (0.02, 1.40)). Vegetable fiber intake was positively associated with DSST, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease word learning test and the composite cognition score (β (95% CI) for the highest quartile was 2.44 (0.42, 4.47), 1.47 (0.50, 2.44), and 0.15 (0.05, 0.26), respectively). No significant interaction effect between gender and fiber intake was found.
When humans age, changes in body composition arise along with lifestyle‐associated disorders influencing fitness and physical decline. Here we provide a comprehensive view of dietary intake, physical ...activity, gut microbiota (GM), and host metabolome in relation to physical fitness of 207 community‐dwelling subjects aged +65 years. Stratification on anthropometric/body composition/physical performance measurements (ABPm) variables identified two phenotypes (high/low‐fitness) clearly linked to dietary intake, physical activity, GM, and host metabolome patterns. Strikingly, despite a higher energy intake high‐fitness subjects were characterized by leaner bodies and lower fasting proinsulin‐C‐peptide/blood glucose levels in a mechanism likely driven by higher dietary fiber intake, physical activity and increased abundance of Bifidobacteriales and Clostridiales species in GM and associated metabolites (i.e., enterolactone). These factors explained 50.1% of the individual variation in physical fitness. We propose that targeting dietary strategies for modulation of GM and host metabolome interactions may allow establishing therapeutic approaches to delay and possibly revert comorbidities of aging.
Physical fitness among older subjects is characterized by variations in glycemic regulation in a mechanism likely driven by energy and dietary fiber intake, differential abundance of Bifidobacteriales and Clostridiales species in GM and their associated metabolites (i.e., enterolactone). Several signatures seen in frail older adults are already evident in nonfrail, pointing at the importance of early intervention strategies also in this age group.
Purpose
Dietary fiber is a possible nutritional component which aids in the prevention of visceral fat accumulation. We examined the association between dietary fiber intake and visceral fat volume ...(VFV) by sex, and further analysed the association by major food sources of dietary fiber.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we measured VFV in 2779 Japanese (1564 men and 1215 women) aged 40–89 who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography for cancer screening between 2004 and 2005. Dietary fiber intake was calculated based on a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary fiber intake and VFV was investigated using multivariate linear regression models after adjustment for potential confounders.
Results
Total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intakes were inversely associated with VFV in men (Q1: 3740 cm
3
, Q4: 3517 cm
3
,
P
trend
: 0.0006 for total fiber), but not in women (Q1: 2207 cm
3
, Q4: 2193 cm
3
,
P
trend
: 0.88 for total fiber). Statistically significant sex difference was observed (
P
interaction
= 0.001 for total fiber). Subgroup analyses by major food sources revealed that dietary fiber intakes from beans, vegetables and fruits showed an inverse association with VFV in men, while cereal fiber intake showed a tendency toward a positive association in both sexes (Q1: 3520 cm
3
, Q4: 3671 cm
3
,
P
trend
: 0.05 in men, Q1: 2147 cm
3
, Q4: 2227 cm
3
,
P
trend
: 0.10 in women).
Conclusion
We observed a sex-specific association between dietary fiber intake and VFV in Japanese adults. This study suggests that efforts against visceral fat accumulation should take account of the source of dietary fiber.
Several dietary factors have been reported to be associated with risk of breast cancer, but to date, unequivocal evidence only exists for alcohol consumption. We sought to systematically assess the ...association between intake of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk using a nutrient-wide association study.
Using data from 272,098 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we assessed dietary intake of 92 foods and nutrients estimated by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between each food/nutrient and risk of breast cancer. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the set of foods and nutrients to be replicated in the independent Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS).
Six foods and nutrients were identified as associated with risk of breast cancer in the EPIC study (10,979 cases). Higher intake of alcohol overall was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio (HR) for a 1 SD increment in intake = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07), as was beer/cider intake and wine intake (HRs per 1 SD increment = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.06 and 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06, respectively), whereas higher intakes of fibre, apple/pear, and carbohydrates were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (HRs per 1 SD increment = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98; 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99; and 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.98, respectively). When evaluated in the NLCS (2368 cases), estimates for each of these foods and nutrients were similar in magnitude and direction, with the exception of beer/cider intake, which was not associated with risk in the NLCS.
Our findings confirm a positive association of alcohol consumption and suggest an inverse association of dietary fibre and possibly fruit intake with breast cancer risk.
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