This study during the spring of 2014, effects of plant extract and oil mixture obtained from various plants added to the syrup given to the forces equalized bee on physiological characteristics of ...the colonies were examined. Bee colonies (10 colonies in each group) were randomly divided into two groups. When the first group feed syrup and plant extract oil mixture, at the same rate with feed syrup only test group to control group (1/1 sucrose-water) was applied. According to the research results, the plant extract-oil mixture was not effective on the number of frames and hive weight. The mixture although numerically increased the amount of brood rearing area, this effect was not statistically significant. However, provided statistically significant increase in honey production. We concluded that, while the plant extract-oil mixture tested is not effective in brood production, is effective on honey production.
Bu çalışmada, Marmara Bölgesinde ruminant beslenmesinde yoğun olarak kullanılan bazı kaba yemler, yem hammaddeleri ve karma yemlerin kimyasal kompozisyonları ile enerji değerleri tespit edilmiştir.
...Değerlendirme için ayçiçeği küspesi, arpa, buğday, yulaf, mısır, buğday kepeği, kuru ot, fiğ kuru otu, yonca kuru otu ile karma yem örnekleri toplanmıştır. Yem örnekleri kimyasal kompozisyonları için analiz edilmiştir. Yemlerin gaz üretim kapasiteleri, organik madde sindirilebilirliği ve enerji içerikleri Hohenheim Gaz Testi ile tespit edilmiştir. Yem örnekleri rumen sıvısıyla 24 saat inkubasyona bırakılmış ve net gaz üretimleri ölçülmüştür. Organik madde sindirilebilirlik değeri ve enerji içerikleri hesaplanmıştır.
Kaba yemler arasındaki kimyasal komposizyondaki değişiklik,ham protein için % 3,23 ile % 20,89; ham selüloz için % 21,75 ile 50,16 ve ham yağ için % 0,15 ile 4.61 olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Tane yemlerden arpa, buğday, mısır ve yulafın ham protein değerleri % 9,26 ile % 12,30; ham selüloz % 4,11 ile % 11,66; ham yağ % 1,72 ile % 4,49 arasında bulunmuştur. Karma yemlerden süt yemi ile besi yeminin ham protein değeri % 13,66 - % 21,91; ham selüloz oranı % 3,48 - % 13,18; ham yağ % 2,09 - % 6,60 aralığında değişmiştir. Net gaz üretim miktarı kaba yemlerde 12,38- 52,54 ml/200 mg KM olarak bulunurken ME ve NEL değerleri
de sırasıyla 3,07 ile 10,22 MJ/kg KM, ve 1,08 ve 6,24 M J/kg KM hesaplanmıştır. Yulaf, arpa, buğday ve mısırın ortalama gaz üretim miktarı, 59,20; 63,54; 68,00; ve 67,94 ml/200 mg KM olarak tespit edilmiştir. Mısır, buğday, arpa ve yulafın ME değerleri, 13,08; 12,99; 12,45; 12,10 MJ/kg KM, NEL değerleri ise sırasıyla 8,30; 8,25; 7,84 ve 7,55 MJ/kg KM olarak hesaplanmıştır. Besi yemi ile süt yeminin net gaz üretimi 51,48 ile 51,59 ml/200 mg KM iken, besi yeminin ME ve NEL değerleri, 9,23 - 12,99 ve 5,43 -8,20 MJ/kg KM, süt yeminin ise 9,74 - 12,67; 5,76 - 7,89 MJ/kg KM hesaplanmıştır.
Bu çalışmada Marmara Bölgesinde yoğun olarak yetiştirilen ve üretilen yem maddelerinin besin maddeleri kompozisyonu ile enerji değerleri tespit edilerek tablo haline getirilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar bu yem maddelerinin besin değerlerinin daha iyi anlaşılması ve ruminant beslenmesinde temel bilgilerin sağlanmasında bize yardımcı olacaktır.
In this study, chemical composition and energy values of some forages, raw materials and commercial feeds commonly used in the Marmara Region for ruminants were determined. Samples of sunflower meal, barley, wheat, oat, corn, wheat bran, grass hay, vetch hay, alfalfa hay and compound feeds were collected for evaluation.
The samples of feed were analyzed for their chemical composition. Gas production capacity, in vitro organic matter digestibility and energy values of feeds were studied by Hohenheim Gas Test. The feed samples were incubated with rumen liquor for 24 hours and net gas production was computed. Digestibility values of organic matter and energy content were calculated.
Variation in the chemical compositions was observed among forages at 3.23% to 20.89% for crude protein, 21.75% to 50.16% for crude fiber, 0.15% to 4.61% for ether extracts. In grains, crude protein ranged from 9.26% to 12.3%, crude fiber from 4.11% to 11.66%, and ether extract from 1.72% to 4.49%. The values of crude protein, crude fiber and ether extract in commercial dairy cows and beef cattle feed varied between 13.66% and 21.91%, 3.48% and 13.18%, and 2.09% and 6.60%, respectively. Net gas production value of forages was found between 12.38 and 52.54 ml/200 mg DM. ME and NEL contents of forages ranged from 3.07 to 10.22 MJ/kg DM and from 1.08 to 6.24 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The average gas production of oat, barley, wheat and corn was 59.20, 63.59, 68.00 and 67.94 ml/200 mg DM. Calculated ME and NEL values of corn, wheat, barley and oat by in vitro gas production were 13.08, 12.99, 12.45 and 12.10 MJ/kg DM and 8.30, 8.25, 7.84 and 7.55 MJ/kg DM, respectively. Net gas production of beef cattle feed and dairy feed was 51.48 ml/200 mg DM and 51.59 ml/200 mg DM. ME and NEL values of these feeds were 9.23-12.99 and 5.43-8.20 MJ/kg DM for beef cattle and 9.74-12.67 and 5.76-7.89 MJ/kg DM for dairy cattle feed.
In this study, the nutrient composition and energy values of feedstuffs commonly grown or produced in the Marmara Region were tabulated. The results should help us better understand the nutrition potential of such feedstuffs and provide basic information in ruminant feeding.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
53.
Effect of feeding supplemental tallow on the performance of lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes Nawaz, H., University of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faisalabad (Pakistan); Yaqoob, M., University of Agriculture, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Faisalabad (Pakistan). Div. of Livestock Management; Abdullah, M., University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore (Pakistan)
Turkish journal of veterinary & animal sciences,
01/2007, Letnik:
31, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In order to determine the feeding value of tallow for lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes, 4 buffaloes were fed 0%, 2%, 4%, or 6% tallow in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. The intakes of dry matter (DM), ...organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased (P < 0.01), but the intakes of ether extract (EE) (P < 0.01) and digestible energy (DE) (P < 0.05) increased with increasing levels of tallow in the diets. Intake of net energy for lactation (NEL) did not differ (P< 0.01) with varying levels of supplemental tallow. Daily milk yield increased (P < 0.01) from 11.00 to 13.2 kg/day. Production of 4% fat corrected milk (FCM), solid corrected milk (SCM), and energy corrected milk (ECM) increased quadratically (P < 0.05) with the increasing level of tallow in the diets. Milk fat content and total milk fat increased linearly (P < 0.01) and quadratically (P < 0.05), respectively, as the level of tallow in the diet increased. There was no difference in protein and lactose content due to feeding tallow. Total solid content increased quadratically (P < 0.05) from 16.45% to 17.67% but solid not fat (SNF) percentages did not vary with varying levels of tallow. The gross energy (GE) of the milk increased from 1096 to 1160 Kcal/kg (P < 0.01) with increasing levels of tallow in the diets. Energetic efficiency of milk production improved in a quadratic (P < 0.05) manner with 2%, 4%, and 6% tallow, with the highest being 47.6% with 4% supplemental tallow. The proportion of C8:0 to C16:1 fatty acids (FA) decreased from 53.66% to 35.52%, whereas the concentration of C18:0 to C20:0 increased (44.93% to 62.84%) in the milk fat of buffaloes fed diets containing different levels of tallow. Gains in body weight (BW) were higher (P < 0.05) in buffaloes fed diets containing supplemental tallow as compared to those fed the control diet. This study suggests that tallow up to 6% of diet DM is a suitable fat supplement as an economical energy source for lactating buffaloes.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Bu çalışma, kaba yemlerin in vivo elde edilen kurumadde sindirim derecesi (KMSD), organik madde sindirim derecesi (OMSD) ve metabolik enerji (ME) değerleri ile bazı in vitro elde edilen parametreler ...arasındaki korelasyon katsayılarını (r) belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgulardan ülkemiz koşullarında yetişen kaba yemlerin ME değerlerinin hesaplanması için geliştirilecek regresyon eşitliklerinde Weende analiz yöntemi ile elde edilen HP ve HY'ın, Van Soest analiz yöntemi ile elde edilen NDF ya da özellikle ADF'in, Enzimatik yöntem ile elde edilen ELOS ve Hohenheim yem testi ile elde edilen 24 saatlik GO miktarlarının güvenilir parametreler olarak öncelikle kullanılması gerektiği ileri sürülebilir.
The objective of the present study was to define the correlation coeffecient (r) between dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) values of roughages determined by in vivo classic digestion trials and various parameters determined by some in vitro techniques. With the finding obtained, it can be concluded that in the regression equations which is developed for estimating the ME values of roughages grown in Turkey, crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) in Weende analysis; neutral detergent fiber (NDF) or especially acid detergent fiber (ADF) in Van Soest analysis; enzyme soluble organic matter (ELOS) in Enzymatic method and 24 h gas production in Gas Production technique (HFT) should have a priority in use as reliable parameters.
Bu araşt ı rmada A. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Zootekni Bölümü Tavukçuluk Ünitesinde farkl ı yöntemlerle yeti ştirilen tavuklardan elde edilen ve farkl ı sürelerde bekletilmi ş olan 5 ayr ı tavuk gübresinin ...kimyasal bileşimi ve farkl ı ekstraksiyon yöntemlerine tabi tutularak kolay al ı nabilir bitki besini içerikleri belirlenmi ştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar; tavuk gübrelerinin, oldukça yüksek toplam ve de ğişebilir bitki besini içerdiklerini ve uygun oranda kuru madde içerikleriyle hem tar ı msal üretimde gübreleme materyali olarak, hem de hayvan beslemede yem katk ı maddesi olarak kullan ı labileceğ ini ortaya koymuştur.
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