Background: Antibacterial additives are frequently added in an effort to enhance the antibacterial properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC). GIC modified with ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) has ...been proven to improve GIC's antibacterial properties, but this modification is suspected to have detrimental impacts on its compressive strength. Objectives: To evaluate the compressive strength of GIC incorporated with different proportions of propolis extracts from Trigona spp. from Garut, Indonesia. Methods: This experimental in vitro laboratory study comsisted of 20 cylindrical glass ionomer specimens divided into four groups according to the proportions of propolis added to the GIC liquid: Group A: conventional GIC (control), Group B: 25% EEP added (% w/w), Group C: 30% EEP added (% w/w), and Group D: 35% EEP added (% w/w). A universal testing machine was used to assess compressive strength after the samples were immersed in artificial saliva and incubated for 24 h. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (P < 0.05). Results: The addition of EEP decreased the compressive strength of the GIC liner. Mean compressive strength values were 118.06 ± 24.1 MPa (Group A), 103.17 ± 10.26 MPa (Group B), 79.18 ± 9.99 MPa (Group C), and 77.03 ± 6.13 MPa (Group D). In comparison to the control group, a nonsignificant difference was observed when 25% EEP was added (P > 0.05), whereas both 30% EEP and 35% EEP resulted in significant decreases in compressive strength (P < 0.05). Conclusion: GIC modified with 25% EEP might be a promising restorative material for cavity linings.
Propolis has traditionally been used in curing infections and healing wounds and burns. Current researches have shown that propolis has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral actions however, the ...pharmacological activity of propolis is highly variable depending on its geographic origin. There have been few studies on the effects of Iranian propolis on the oral microorganisms. In this in-vitro study, the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic and water extracts of the Iranian propolis (10%, w/v) from north-east area of Tehran was evaluated. Susceptibility of the oral strains tested (Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668; Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 9222; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923; Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 9854 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 39392) was evaluated using the agar diffusion method at a concentration of 20 mg/mL of propolis and the zones of growth inhibition were measured. Antibacterial activity was determined by using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) at different concentrations of propolis. The ethanolic extract showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against all the strains, with MIC and MBC ranges of 250-500 µg/mL. The MIC concentration of the water extract was 500 µg/mL against S. mutans and E. faecalis. The water extract showed bactericidal activity only against S. mutans (20 mg/mL). These results indicate that the ethanolic extract is probably more useful in the control of oral biofilms and subsequent dental caries development. However, to determine the consequence of the ethanolic extract of Iranian propolis on the oral mucosa, in-vivo studies of its possible effects are needed.
To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) addition in different proportions to glass ionomer cement (GIC) on microleakage and microhardness of GIC.
The cement was divided into ...four groups: one using the original composition and three with 10%, 25%, and 50% EEP added to the liquid and then manipulated. For microleakage assessment, sixty primary molars were randomly divided into four groups (n=15). Standard Class II cavities were prepared and then filled with EEP in different proportions added to GICs. Microleakage test was performed using a dye penetration method. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Disc shaped specimens were prepared from the tested GIC to determine Vickers hardness (VHN). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (α = 0.05).
There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of microleakage (p > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the VHN values of groups (p < 0.05). Increasing addition of EEP to GIC statistically significantly increased VHN value of GIC (p < 0.05).
The addition of EEP to GIC increased the microhardness of the GIC and did not adversely affect the microleakage. Thus, it might be used during routine dental practice due to its antibacterial properties.
Propolis Africanized bees (Apis mellifera L.) is a product of the bee hive, elaborated based on exudates resins that
bees collect from certain plants. The chemical composition of propolis is complex ...and related to plant diversity found around
the bee hive. Recent studies have shown that propolis has a number of biological properties, these properties have made from
propolis an important raw material for the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. The study of the properties is
therefore necessary in order to obtain a product with a high standard of quality and value. This study aims to evaluate seven
different alcoholic extracts of propolis (AEP), of Potiguar honey bees, in the development of four microorganisms of great
veterinary importance. The bee hives inhabited by swarms of Africanized bees (Apis mellifera L.) selected for the collection of
propolis were organized in apiary distributed in different vegetation region in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The
material collected in the field occurred in the period from October to December 2013, obtaining the extracts and antibiotic
potential of the trials took place during the year 2014. It was identified that the EAP 1, 6 and 7 were active in all four tested
microorganisms, and the EAP 3 and 4 are not demonstrated to be active for any microorganism. The results show the
superiority of red propolis Potiguar of mangrove when compared to the results cited in other studies for the same
microorganisms.
A Própolis de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) é um produto da colmeia, elaborado a partir de exsudações de
resinas que as abelhas recolhem de determinadas plantas. A composição química da própolis é complexa e relacionada à
diversidade vegetal encontrada em torno da colmeia. Estudos recentes demonstram que a própolis possui uma série de
propriedades biológicas, essas propriedades têm feito da própolis uma importante matéria-prima para as indústrias
farmacêutica, alimentícia e de cosméticos. O estudo dessas propriedades é, portanto, necessário, a fim de se obter um produto
com alto padrão de qualidade e valor agregado. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito de sete extratos alcoólicos da
própolis (EAP) apícola Potiguar no desenvolvimento de quatro microrganismos de importância veterinária. As colmeias
habitadas com enxames de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) selecionados para coleta da própolis estavam organizadas
em apiários, distribuídos em região de vegetação distinta no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. As coletas de material no
campo ocorreram no período dos meses de outubro a dezembro de 2013, a obtenção dos extratos e os ensaios do potencial
antibiótico ocorreram durante o ano de 2014. Foi identificado que os EAP 1, 6 e 7 foram ativos nos quatro microrganismos
testados, e os EAP 3 e 4 não demonstraram-se ativos para nenhum microrganismo. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam a
superioridade da própolis vermelha do mangue Potiguar quando comparados aos resultados citados em outros estudos para os
mesmos microrganismos.
The water extracts of propolis (WEP) could inhibit growth of different cell lines namely McCoy, HeLa, SP2/0, HEp-2, and BHK21 and stimulate growth of normal cell named human lymphocyte, rat kidney, ...rat liver, and rat spleen. In these experiments 1 and 2 mg of WEP were added to 1 ml RPMI media with 5% FCS. Cell counts and cell viability of propolis-treated and propolis-free cells were assessed by Trypan blue dye exclusion test and MTT assay. The results showed that in case of McCoy, HeLa, SP20, HEp-2, and BHK21 cell lines, the water extracts of propolis could inhibit cell growth as well as reduction on size of the cells. In contrast the same amount of WEP could stimulate growth of normal cells up to 60% with the same concentration used for cell lines. Thus our study indicates that although WEP consists only of the soluble part of propolis, it enables to inhibit different cell lines and increase growth of normal cells. This indicates also that WEP contains the specific compounds with bioactivity against cell lines. Although propolis contain different number of compounds it is clear that WEP has enough biological compounds useful for the treatment of some diseases, medical and related applications.
The residue from commercial propolis extraction may have significant antioxidant power in food technology. However, among the challenges for using the propolis co-product as an inhibitor of lipid ...oxidation (LO) in baked goods is maintaining its bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the propolis co-product extracts' capability to reduce LO in starch biscuit formulated with canola oil and stored for 45 days at 25 °C. Two co-product extracts were prepared: microencapsulated propolis co-product (MECP) (with maltodextrin) and lyophilized propolis co-product (LFCP), which were subjected to analysis of their total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (AA). Relevant antioxidant activity was observed using the methods of analysis employed. The spray-drying microencapsulation process showed an efficiency of 63%. The LO in the biscuits was determined by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) test and fatty acid composition by gas chromatography analysis. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoelaidic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids were found in biscuits at constant concentrations throughout the storage period. In addition, there was a reduction in malondialdehyde values with the addition of both propolis co-product extracts. Therefore, the propolis co-product extracts could be utilized as a natural antioxidant to reduce lipid oxidation in fatty starch biscuit.
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•Ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) reduced high fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain, liver fat accumulation, and insulin resistance.•EEP increased anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory ...bacteria and reduced pro-inflammatory bacteria in HFD-fed mice.•These dominant bacterial taxa altered by EEP were significantly associated with the metabolic parameters of insulin resistance and obesity.
Propolis has beneficial effects anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes and anti-obesity in human or murine models, but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study was to investigate the effects of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on the gut microbiota, and to analyze the associations between these alterations of gut microbiota and insulin resistance and obesity in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with chow diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet supplemented with 1% EEP or 2%EEP. EEP supplementation reduced HFD-induced weight gain and liver fat accumulation, proinflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance, and improved glucose tolerance and lipid profile. Meanwhile, EEP supplementation in HFD-fed mice increased anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory bacteria such as genera Roseburia and Intestinimonas and species Parabacteroides goldsteinii and Parabacteroides distasonis, and reduced pro-inflammatory bacteria such as genera Faecalibaculum and Prevotella and species Bacteroides vulgatus. These dominant bacterial taxa altered by EEP were significantly associated with the metabolic parameters of insulin resistance and obesityin HFD-fed mice. The results in this study indicated that EEP reduced HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistant, which may be mediated by modulating the composition and function of gut microbiota.
This study aims to determine the qualitative and quantitative contents of Turkish propolis collected from various regions of Turkey using high-performance liquid chromatography with the diode-array ...detector (HPLC-DAD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in water and ethanolic extracts. In HPLC-DAD analyses, it was determined that water extract of Turkish propolis contains phenolic acids such as caffeic acid (204.00 µg/mL), trans-cinnamic, chlorogenic, and caffeoylquinic acids, responsible for its antioxidant activity; whereas, the ethanolic extract of Turkish propolis contains chrysin (641.33 µg/mL), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (630.67 µg/mL), pinocembrin (572.67 µg/mL), galangin (534.11 µg/mL), naringenin (372.39 µg/mL), and also kaempferol, trans-cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, myricetin, and quercetin. GC-MS analyses showed that ethanolic extract of propolis contains caffeic acid by Rtx-1 column and the water extract of propolis contains quinic acid and ferulic acid by Rtx-5ms column. Various sugar derivatives were detected by both columns in water and ethanolic extracts of Turkish propolis. HPLC-DAD can be considered as a more effective method than GC-MS for the chemical characterization of propolis. Water extract of Turkish propolis can be a good source of raw materials for various sectors, as it is both cheap and has less health risk than ethanolic extract, and is suitable for human use.
Purpose
Hyperglycemia in diabetes increases oxidative stress in the body. It causes optic nerve damage and risk of glaucoma. In this study, we evaluated and analyzed the effect of propolis ethanol ...extract on repair of optic nerve damage in a rat model for Diabetes Mellitus.
Study Design
Laboratory experimental using the posttest only control group design was used in this study.
Methods
A total of 28 male Wistar rat were randomly divided into the following four groups namely control (K1), diabetes mellitus (K2), diabetes mellitus with propolis treatment (100 mg/kg) (P1) and diabetes mellitus with propolis treatment (200 mg/kg) (P2). Statistical analysis used ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis with a significance of p < 0.05.
Results
The results showed that Gunung Lawu propolis significantly reduced serum glucose levels, malondialdehyde levels and C-reactive protein levels (p<0.01). Furthermore, propolis extract significantly decreased caspase-3 expression and TGF-β expression (p<0.05) in the optic nerve. Propolis can significantly repair optic nerve damage (optic nerve necrosis, thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer and retinal ganglion cell apoptosis (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
The final results showed that most of the beneficial effects of propolis were mediated by the reduction of blood glucose levels in diabetic rat.
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