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Provider: - Institution: University of Zagreb. Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry. Department of analytical chemistry. - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Predmet istraživanja ovog rada je ...cjelovit, sustavan i originalan prikaz života i djela Julija Domca, znanstvenika, pedagoga, dekana Filozofskog fakulteta (1901./02.), rektora Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (1911./12.), praktičnog farmaceuta i čovjeka koji je dao izniman doprinos utemeljenju i razvitku moderne farmacije u Hrvatskoj. Temeljitim istraživanjem arhivske građe u Zagrebu, Vinkovcima, Osijeku i Đakovu, kao i privatnog arhiva obitelji Domac omogućen je cjelovit uvid u genealogiju i biografiju Julija Domca.
Povijesni tragovi obitelji Domac sežu u 17. st. kada su nosili prezime Domčević. Tijekom 19. st., dolazi do kraćenja prezimena u Domac o čemu potvrdu nalazimo u matičnim knjigama rođenih, vjenčanih i umrlih.
Julije Domac (1853.-1928.) je rođen u Vinkovcima u ljekarničkoj obitelji. Diplomirao je farmaciju u Beču 1874., a doktorirao u Grazu godine 1880. Bio je prvi Hrvat s doktoratom iz kemije i prvi Hrvat koji je dao vrijedan prilog europskoj kemiji, objavom svojih znanstvenih radova u međunarodnim znanstvenim časopisima (1881. i 1882.). U tim radovima odredio je i potvrdio strukturu heksena i manitola dobivenog iz manne. Povratkom u domovinu (1882.) djelovao je kao profesor kemije na Velikoj realci u Zemunu, a kasnije u Zagrebu, gdje je objavio rad o kemijskoj analizi šećerne repe (1885.), prvoj takvoj analizi u Hrvatskoj.
Napisao je srednjoškolske udžbenike iz organske kemije, koji su izašli u tri izdanja (1893., 1899., 1906.), te iz anorganske kemije (1901.). Tim knjigama je omogućio prihvaćanje suvremenih europskih kemijskih gledišta u Hrvatskoj i znatno utjecao na oblikovanje hrvatske znanstvene kemijske terminologije početkom 20. stoljeća.
Nastavu iz farmakognozije na zagrebačkom Sveučilištu preuzeo je 1887. kao suplent, potom kao izvanredni (1896.) i redoviti profesor (1899.). Bio je utemeljitelj hrvatske sveučilišne farmakognozije i osnivač sveučilišnog Farmakognostičkog instituta (1896.), u to doba prvog samostalnog instituta takve vrste u svijetu.
Napisao je farmakognozijski dio Hrvatsko-slavonskog ljekopisa (1901.), u kojem je dao izvorne makroskopske i mikroskopske opise droga. Izvorna hrvatska farmakopeja dobila je pozitivne kritike najuglednijih europskih farmaceutskih stručnjaka. Pisana je dvojezično, latinskim i hrvatskim jezikom, te imala šire značenje kao odraz težnje hrvatskog naroda za izdvajanjem iz Austro-Ugarske monarhije.
Objavio je i Uputu u farmakognoziju (1899.), pisanu kao komentar hrvatskoj farmakopeji, a bila je prvo znanstveno tumačenje botaničkih, farmakognozijskih i kemijskih pojmova na hrvatskom jeziku.
Naporima Julija Domca sve su ljekarne u Hrvatskoj bile preuređene prema strogim propisima hrvatske farmakopeje i djelovale su kao zdravstveni zavodi.
Sudjelovao je u ljekarničkom zakonodavstvu i svojim čvrstim stavom onemogućio podržavljenje ljekarni, osigurao izradu službenih cjenika lijekova po utvrđenim pravilima i time olakšao rad ljekarnicima. U reformi farmaceutskog studija zalagao se za vizionarsku ideju stvaranja samostalnog Farmaceutskog fakulteta.
U spomen Juliju Domcu utemeljena je najviša godišnja nagrada Hrvatskog farmaceutskog društva, Medalja Julije Domac, koja se od 1955. godine dodjeljuje za iznimne zasluge na području farmacije.- The subject of this work is a complete, systematic and original view of life and achievements of Julije Domac. He was a scientist, educator, dean of Faculty of Philosophy (1901/02), the Rector of the University of Zagreb (1911/12), practical pharmacist and man who has given outstanding contribution to the establishment and the development of modern pharmacy in Croatia. A thorough exploration of archives in Zagreb, Vinkovci, Osijek and Đakovo, as well as private archives of Domac family enabled a complete insight into the genealogy and biography of Julije Domac.
Historical records of the Domac family are going back to the 17th century when their surname was Domčević. During the 19th century, surnames Domčević was shortened into Domac which registration of births, marriages and deaths confirmed. Julije Domac (1853-1928) was born in Vinkovci in a family of pharmacists. He graduated pharmacy from the University of Vienna (1874) and received his Ph.D. from the University of Graz (1880). He was the first Croat with a doctorate in chemistry and the first Croat who gave a valuable contribution to European chemistry, publishing his research papers in international journals (1881 and 1882). In these works he determined and confirmed the structure of hexene and mannitol obtained from manna. Returning to his homeland (1882) he worked as a secondary school professor of chemistry in Zemun and later in Zagreb. He published a paper on the chemical analysis of sugar beet (1885), the first such analysis in Croatia. He wrote textbooks on organic chemistry, that was published in three editions (1893, 1899, 1906), and on inorganic chemistry (1901). These textbooks have enabled the reception of modern European chemical knowledge in Croatia and significantly influenced on the forming of Croatian chemical scientific terminology at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1887, Julije Domac taught pharmacognosy as a suplent, then as an associate professor (1896) and as a full professor (1899). He was the founder of the Croatian university pharmacognosy and founder of the Pharmacognosy Institute (1896), the first independent institute of its kind in the world.
He wrote the pharmacognosy section of the Croato-Slavonian Pharmacopoeia (1901) in which he gave the original macroscopic and microscopic descriptions of drugs. The original Croatian Pharmacopoeia has received positive reviews from the most prominent European pharmaceutical experts. It was written in two languages, Latin and Croatian, and had a wider significance as it reflected the aspirations of the Croatian people for separation from the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Julije Domac wrote “Uputa u farmakognoziju” (Introduction to Pharmacognosy) in 1899, as a commentary to the pharmacognosy part of the Croatian pharmacopoeia. It was the first scientific explanation of botanical, pharmacognostical and chemical terms in the Croatian language.
Thanks to the efforts of Julije Domac, all pharmacies in Croatia have been rearranged according to the strict requirements of the Croatian Pharmacopoeia and worked as medical institutes. He participated in the pharmaceutical legislation and his strong opinion prevented the nationalization of the pharmacies. He also participated to the preparation of the official price list of drugs according to established rules which facilitated the work of pharmacists. In the reform of the pharmaceutical studies he had a visionary idea of creating an independent Faculty of Pharmacy.
To honor the memory of Julije Domac the Croatian Pharmaceutical Society introduced the Julije Domac Medal in 1955, as an award for exceptional achievements in pharmacy.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
