This book provides guidance to researchers about how to develop interview skills that align with their theoretical assumptions. Connecting "theory" and "method" can be challenging for novice ...researchers. Interviewing: A Guide to Theory and Practice draws from, and extends, the author's earlier 2010 book, and focuses on three interrelated issues, how researchers: theorize research interviews; examine their subject positions in relation to projects and participants; and explore the details of interview interaction to inform practice. By developing these understandings of qualitative interview practice, Kathryn Roulston shows how researchers can design and conduct quality research projects that draw on a wide range of interview practices to provide audience members and communities with significant findings concerning social problems.
Advancements in technology, such as autonomous agents, have sparked a substantial increase in human-autonomy teaming (HAT) research. Despite this increase in research, there is one perspective that ...is often overlooked in the literature: the human worker. As such, our research extends the literature by presenting the worker's perspective and providing key contextual considerations for successful integration of HATs within field environments. To accomplish this, interviews, focus groups and site visits were conducted in both the construction and manufacturing industries. We aim to answer two questions: (1) what are the subjective worker experiences regarding HATs in the field? And (2) what is the influence of context on worker experiences in field HATs? We discuss three themes that emerged, followed by implications for research and practice.
•Conducted qualitative analyses to grasp worker perspectives on human-autonomy teams.•Not considering worker perspectives leads to higher job demands and more reluctance.•Trust and shared cognition are critical for complex human-agent coordination.•Contextual factors elucidate considerations for implementing human-autonomy teams.
This study aims to see how the satisfaction of fieldwork practice partners (PKL) on student performance. The research method used is a combination of sequential explanatory models or designs, wherein ...the first stage of the research was carried out by quantitative methods and the second stage by qualitative methods. The instruments analyzed are aspects of the quality of activities, aspects of Human Resource Competence (HR), and aspects of activity productivity. The results of the three aspects that have been analyzed received excellent and positive responses. For this reason, it can be said that the instruments used in this study were appropriate. It can be proven that the quality of activity quality (KMK) received a good and positive response of as much as 68%. In addition, the satisfaction of partner companies with the Productivity of PKL activities has a positive relationship of 62.5%. Meanwhile, the satisfaction of partner companies concerning Human Resource Competence (KSDM) also has an excellent positive relationship of 68.8%. Efforts to maintain and improve student performance and partner satisfaction are tangible manifestations of creating better student performance.
In this article, we would like to discuss the necessity, felt by many authors, to seriously consider the idea of « zombies » categories and technologies. Indeed, the aim here is to deal with the ...sciences’ conditions of heritage in Anthropocene context. By focusing on the case of human and social sciences, and by reconnecting with the political history of STS, the issue is on one hand to preserve the relations and experiences of knowledges that we feel as « alive ». But, on the other hand, the problem is also to think about the way we could unestablish them from the practices and relations that participate to zombify or enroll them in deadly processes. After showing how this project joins up with the idea of a political ecology of knowledges, we demonstrate in a first time how this issue inherits the epistemological and political questions that characterized the rise of french STS in the 1970’s. Then, we will resume our personal studies so as to show that the « alive » or « zombying » conditions of knowledges are something that can only be felt from inquiry. More specifically, this feeling is above all present in the meetings’ situations with socials sciences’ publics. In this way, we would like to stand for the idea that inquiry can be the foundation of a collective initiative from which put into practice a political ecology of knowledges. Thereby, this ecological project would consist in plumbing the « living » ou « deadly » dimensions of sciences in society, from their places of professional production to their fringes.
Combining statistical and ethnographic analyses, this article explores the prevalence and ramifications of eviction in the lives of the urban poor. A quantitative analysis of administrative and ...survey data finds that eviction is commonplace in inner-city black neighborhoods and that women from those neighborhoods are evicted at significantly higher rates than men. A qualitative analysis of ethnographic data based on fieldwork among evicted tenants and their landlords reveals multiple mechanisms propelling this discrepancy. In poor black neighborhoods, eviction is to women what incarceration is to men: a typical but severely consequential occurrence contributing to the reproduction of urban poverty. Adapted from the source document.
This quasi‐experimental field study examines the effects of an intervention designed to boost job resources, affective well‐being, and self‐efficacy via job crafting behaviour. Employees (n = 39) in ...a Dutch police district received a 1‐day training, after which they worked towards self‐set crafting goals for a period of 4 weeks. The intervention concluded with a half‐day reflection session in which learning points were consolidated. Participating in the intervention was expected to boost job resources such as opportunities for development and leader–member exchange (LMX), as well as enhance self‐efficacy and positive affect and to reduce negative affect. Repeated measures ANOVAs did not yield significant results. However, pre–post comparison tests showed that the intervention group reported less negative affect as well as increased self‐efficacy, developmental opportunities and LMX in the post‐measure compared with the pre‐measure. The control group (n = 47) showed no significant changes from pre‐ to post‐measure. In addition, in weeks during which individuals sought more resources, they also reported more developmental opportunities, LMX, and positive affect. Although further research is needed, the job crafting intervention seems to have potential to enable employees to proactively build a motivating work environment and to improve their own well‐being.
Practitioner points
Job crafting is proactive behaviour at work that allows employees to redesign their own jobs.
In weeks when employees actively focus on building job resources, they also find more job resources and experience more positive affect.
The job crafting intervention may help employees to build resources and affective well‐being at work.
For the investigation of diseases and other harmful environmental influences (e.g., chemicals) epidemiological studies rely on high quality human samples, among others. Collecting samples and data in ...the field can pose an enormous challenge to the study team with regard to health protection and occupational safety, especially in the context of a pandemic where there was great uncertainty about the biological risks associated with SARS-CoV-2. The German Environmental Specimen Bank (German ESB) is a key element of environmental and human biomonitoring in Germany with the aim to document and assess trends of human and environmental exposure to chemicals over time and to provide scientific data for policy decision makers. Starting with a pilot study in 1978 human samples are now collected at four sampling locations annually, while sampling is carried out with a highly standardized mobile laboratory since 2013. Due to the corona pandemic 3 of 4 ESB sampling campaigns had to be cancelled in 2020. However, a continuous sampling is crucial to generate current policy relevant data on chemical exposure. Hence, a protection and hygiene concept has been developed including COVID-19 testing with the goal to protect the health of participants and employees during sampling and to meet legal requirements, while sustaining the standardized procedures of sampling and sample preparation. The concept is based on a flexible approach to allow adjustments to changing government regulations and recommendations in the course of the pandemic. By implementing this concept, all samplings were successfully carried out in 2021 & 2022, with the pandemic still ongoing. This paper provides an example of good practice and valuable insights in how to collect human samples during a pandemic.
•Conducting epidemiological sampling and data collection for the German Environmental Specimen Bank during a pandemic.•Risk Assessment & development of an infection protection & hygiene concept to conduct safe sampling in a mobile laboratory.•Rapid sample handling, Point-of-Care analytics, and on-site cryopreservation.•Lessons learned during Covid 19 epidemic for future pandemic situations.
In the field Gmelch, George; Gmelch, Sharon Bohn
2018., 20180511, 2018, 2019-01-24
eBook
This book offers an invaluable look at what cultural anthropologists do when they are in the field. Through fascinating and often entertaining accounts of their lives and work in varied cultural ...settings, the authors describe the many forms fieldwork can take, the kinds of questions anthropologists ask, and the common problems they encounter. From these accounts and the experiences of the student field workers the authors have mentored over the years, In the Field makes a powerful case for the value of the anthropological approach to knowledge.
Advancing the Empirical Research on Lobbying de Figueiredo, John M; Richter, Brian Kelleher
Annual review of political science,
01/2014, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This review identifies empirical facts about lobbying that are generally agreed upon in the literature. It then discusses challenges to empirical research in lobbying and provides examples of ...empirical methods that can be employed to overcome these challenges—with an emphasis on statistical measurement, identification, and casual inference. The article then discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and effective use of the main types of data available for research in lobbying. It closes with a number of open questions for researchers in the field and avenues for future work to advance empirical research on lobbying.
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