Crisis situations, seasonal activities and the variety of needs are the main factors that cause companies to have free material resources that remain temporarily unused. In such a situation, the ...possibility of renting or leasing certain resources may allow the company to improve the efficiency of its resource management. One of the ways of exchanging information are shared digital platforms, which could facilitate communication between enterprises in terms of having free material resources. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the potential of such an electronic platform among enterprises based on information exchange trends. In order to check the motivation of enterprises to such a solution, a survey was conducted among Polish enterprises that declared to have temporary free assets. The study compared two groups of companies that willingly share information about their resources and companies that do not. Due to the qualitative nature of the research, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used to examine the significance of differences between the studied populations. The obtained results showed that companies willing to exchange information more often set business goals related to the management of fixed resources. These enterprises, more frequently than others, set operational goals related to the sale of or sharing not fully used components of fixed assets. At the same time, both surveyed groups of enterprises believe that the exchange of information should take place at a local level. The obtained results indicate that there is a potential for the creation and functioning of an electronic platform for exchanging information on free resources at the local level.
During the last few years, clinical laboratories have faced a sea change, from facilities producing a high volume of low-cost test results, toward a more integrated and patient-centered service. ...Parallel to this paradigm change, the digitalization of healthcare data has made an enormous quantity of patients’ data easily accessible, thus opening new scenarios for the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Every day, clinical laboratories produce a huge amount of information, of which patients’ results are only a part. The laboratory information system (LIS) may include other “relevant” compounding data, such as internal quality control or external quality assessment (EQA) results, as well as, for example, timing of test requests and of blood collection and exams transmission, these data having peculiar characteristics typical of big data, as volume, velocity, variety, and veracity, potentially being used to generate value in patients’ care. Despite the increasing interest expressed in AI and big data in laboratory medicine, these topics are approaching the discipline slowly for several reasons, attributable to lack of knowledge and skills but also to poor or absent standardization, harmonization and problematic regulatory and ethical issues. Finally, it is important to bear in mind that the mathematical postulation of algorithms is not sufficient for obtaining useful clinical tools, especially when biological parameters are not evaluated in the appropriate context. It is therefore necessary to enhance cooperation between laboratory and AI experts, and to coordinate and govern processes, thus favoring the development of valuable clinical tools.
Corruption is the use of public interest for personal gain. One of the most important ways to deal with corruption is to consider the principle of transparency as one of the main pillars of good ...governance.Transparency makes all actions and activities visible and closes the ways for violations and the spread of corruption. The question is whether transparency in the Iranian legal system is achievable or not? In this research, through descriptive and analytical methods and use of library resources while considering the legal norms of Iran were used in order to achieve transparency and despite some shortcomings, there are sufficient resources from upstream documents to ordinary laws, and what can be stated as a challenge and a barrier to transparency is the non-compliance of laws and lack of proper supervision by executive bodies. It is relevant. To solve this problem, all executive bodies must take steps towards transparency while paying attention to the existing laws. In this regard, consolidation of employment laws and regulations based on meritocracy, strengthening transparency laws along with eliminating their shortcomings and paying attention to general policies of the government is necessary for transparency and elimination of corruption.
Self‐censorship of information, defined as an act of intentionally and voluntarily withholding information from others in the absence of formal obstacles, serves as an obstacle to the proper ...functioning of a democratic society, because it prevents free access to information, freedom of expression, and the flow of information. It is of key importance in societies, as it blocks information that may shed new light on various societal issues. Nevertheless, it is recognized that in certain cases self‐censorship is necessary. The present article provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for self‐censorship and examines it from various angles with empirical examples. It describes its nature and psychological foundations, the motivations that underlie it, the conditions that facilitate its practice, its societal and individual consequences, and, finally, its measurement challenges.
•Seeks understanding of problems faced by high-order schemes in practice.•Identifies inappropriate information flow, particularly at high frequencies.•Recommends matching numerical stencil in ...space-time to desired physics.•Points out differences between one and more-dimensional problems.•Advocates for accurate modeling of multidimensional IVP as the basis for progress.
A hoped-for outcome from high-order CFD methods, in addition to achieving accurate solutions on fine grids, is to achieve useful answers on coarse grids. In this paper we note that this outcome is by no means automatic, and consider how the different quests of accuracy and bandwidth may be achieved. Although accuracy is exclusively a low-frequency property and so amenable to Taylor series analysis, bandwidth is concerned with higher frequencies and may not be approachable by this route. It is argued that an important aspect should be the physically correct flow of information, especially for hyperbolic problems, and that this is strongly influenced by the choice of computational stencil. This is confirmed by applying von Neumann analysis to the linear advection equation, giving a strong preference to odd-order fully discrete schemes using upwind-biased stencils. However, it is pointed out that these schemes do not always generalize to higher dimensions, and a method is shown that achieves very accurate directionality even on unstructured grids. This is accomplished by taking information from the exact solution to the multidimensional IVP for acoustics.
In this letter, the dynamics characteristics of quantum entanglement (negativity) and distinguishability (trace distance), and the flow of information for an open quantum system under relativistic ...motion are investigated. Explicitly, we propose a scenario that a particle A held by Alice suffers from an amplitude damping (AD) noise in a flat space-time and another particle B by Bob entangled with A travels with a fixed acceleration under a non-inertial frame. The results show that quantum distinguishability and entanglement are very vulnerable and fragile under the collective influence of AD noise and Unruh effect. Both of them will decrease with the growing intensity of the Unruh effect and the AD thermal bath. It means that the abilities of quantum distinguishability and entanglement to suppress the collective decoherence (AD noise and Unruh effect) are very weak. Furthermore, it turns out that the reduced quantum distinguishability of Alice's system and Bob in the physically accessible region is distributed to another quantum distinguishability for Alice's environment and Bob in the physically inaccessible region. That is, the information regarding the scenario is that the lost quantum distinguishability, as a fixed information, flows from the systems to the collective decoherence environment.
In this work, we analyzed the chemical reaction,
CH
4
+
H
-
⟶
CH
4
+
H
-
, using the concept of information channel, which consists in to quantify the amount of information that the system can ...transfer and receive, to carry out such measures, we used Shannon’s entropy defined in position and momentum spaces, the interpretation of the results obtained was also completed by the analysis of Fisher’s entropy in position and momentum spaces; our results, permitted to analyze with certain detail how are carried out the process of bond-forming and bond-breaking of the reaction
CH
4
+
H
-
.
En una época de relativización y descrédito por la verdad, como mera opinión o manipulación (posverdad), y de un uso deliberado de la producción y manipulación de la ignorancia (agnotología) que es ...crecientemente movilizado por medios digitales, nula atención se ha prestado a la relación entre estas prácticas y el diseño elemental de Internet. A partir del concepto de instrumentalidad, y por medio de un análisis de dispositivo (dispositif), el artículo analiza Internet en su diseño fundamental y función estratégica, para mostrar la estrecha relación entre éste y la producción y administración de ignorancia como instrumento de una tercera persona. Se argumenta que la agnotología es un elemento sistémico de Internet que beneficia intereses y valores generalmente desconocidos.
In many democracies, political discourse has polarized and become more confrontational. This discourse is shaped by few highly visible activists who are also heavy news consumers. This article ...proposes to investigate media effects on opinion-leading antagonists’ communication in political controversies. Integrating several media psychological mechanisms, it proposes that antagonists watch mainstream news on their cause closely and perceive it as hostile. By way of triggering certain cognitive, emotional and behavioral reactions, the hostile media perceptions encourage antagonists to intensify their discursive participation and to use polarizing communication styles, such as exaggerations, incivility or lies. The basic claim is that effects of mainstream news on antagonists’ communication can explain the polarization of political controversies in digital societies.
This paper aims to empirically examine long memory and bi-directional information flow between estimated volatilities of highly volatile time series datasets of five cryptocurrencies. We propose the ...employment of Garman and Klass (GK), Parkinson's, Rogers and Satchell (RS), and Garman and Klass-Yang and Zhang (GK-YZ), and Open-High-Low-Close (OHLC) volatility estimators to estimate cryptocurrencies' volatilities. The study applies methods such as mutual information, transfer entropy (TE), effective transfer entropy (ETE), and Rényi transfer entropy (RTE) to quantify the information flow between estimated volatilities. Additionally, Hurst exponent computations examine the existence of long memory in log returns and OHLC volatilities based on simple R/S, corrected R/S, empirical, corrected empirical, and theoretical methods. Our results confirm the long-run dependence and non-linear behavior of all cryptocurrency's log returns and volatilities. In our analysis, TE and ETE estimates are statistically significant for all OHLC estimates. We report the highest information flow from BTC to LTC volatility (RS). Similarly, BNB and XRP share the most prominent information flow between volatilities estimated by GK, Parkinson's, and GK-YZ. The study presents the practicable addition of OHLC volatility estimators for quantifying the information flow and provides an additional choice to compare with other volatility estimators, such as stochastic volatility models.
PDF
