Abstract Mentoring is suggested as an important strategy to promote workplace inclusivity and is shown to be positively associated with high employee morale, yet mentee needs and experiences may not ...be universal. To evaluate mentoring impacts from the perspective of USDA Forest Service employees, we conducted an online survey of 251 aquatic professionals, including managers and scientists. 70% of respondents had mentors, and mentorship status did not vary across demographic characteristics. Previous mentoring relationships were most frequently identified as “informal” rather than “formal”; female employees were more likely to desire formal mentoring. Mentored respondents found their work more challenging, fulfilling, and valuable than unmentored respondents. Mentees looked for mentors who could provide constructive feedback, speak candidly, use active listening skills, and who cared about their careers. Overall, respondents were satisfied with their mentors’ skills. Despite strong demand for mentoring, access to mentors among aquatic professionals appears low across all categories.
Economists studying environmental collective action and green governance have paid little attention to gender. Research on gender and green governance in other disciplines has focused mainly on ...women's near absence from forestry institutions. This interdisciplinary book turns that focus on its head to ask: what if women were present in these institutions? What difference would that make? Would women's inclusion in forest governance - undeniably important for equity - also affect decisions on forest use and outcomes for conservation and subsistence? Are women's interests in forests different from men's? Would women's presence lead to better forests and more equitable access? Does it matter which class of women governs? And how large a presence of women would make an impact? Answers to these questions can prove foundational for effective environmental governance. Yet they have hardly been empirically investigated. In an analysis that is conceptually sophisticated and statistically rigorous, using primary data on community forestry institutions in India and Nepal, this book is the first major study to comprehensively address these wide-ranging issues. It traces women's history of exclusion from public institutions, the factors which constrain their effective participation, and how those constraints can be overcome. It outlines how strategic partnerships between forestry and other civil society institutions could strengthen rural women's bargaining power with community and government. And it examines the complexities of eliciting government accountability in addressing poor rural women's needs, such as for clean domestic fuel and access to the commons. Located in the interface of environmental studies, political economy and gender analysis, the volume makes significant original contributions to current debates on gender and governance, forest conservation, clean energy policy, critical mass and social inclusion. Traversing uncharted territory with rare analytical rigor, this lucidly written book will be of interest to scholars and students as well as policy makers and practitioners. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/economicsfinance/9780199569687/toc.html
SUMMARY The study aimed to identify Conservation Priority Sites (CPS) in the southern Sinaloa region, Mexico, using the Determination Index (DET) method. This method utilizes criteria such as ...Specific Diversity Index, Ratio of Species of Concern, Relative Scarcity Index, and Habitat Fragility Index to assess conservation stakes over wild plant species and habitats. In 2017 eight sampling sites were evaluated, two in mangroves, three in dry forests and three in semi-deciduous forests, each plot/area covers 0.12 hectares. Species-area curves were analyzed to quantify species diversity. A Floristic Originality Index determined the ratio of species of concern. A relative scarcity index was calculated from each type of vegetation surface area. Fragility of habitats was estimated over five levels of resilience. The results identified semi-deciduous forest sites as the highest conservation priorities due to their higher species diversity, number of species of concern, and scarce surface area. The DET method facilitated the ranking of CPS in the study area and is recommended as a valuable tool for landscape planning and conservation efforts.
Establishing vegetative propagation techniques to promote the rejuvenation/reinvigoration of genotypes is essential for the rescue of adult trees of the Eucalyptus genus used in species and ...provenance tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the induction of epicormic buds and shoots in pruned branches and the in vitro establishment, multiplication, genetic fidelity, and elongation of three 44-year-old Eucalyptus pilularis selected plants. M1, M2 and M3 represent selected plants. M1 produced the highest number of epicormic buds, number of shoots, and with the lowest rate of tissue oxidation and non-reactive explants. In the establishment stage, M3 exhibited the lowest contamination percentage, number of shoots, and shoot length. The emission of shoots occurred only for M3, and it was the unique genotype subjected to the other stages (i.e. multiplication, elongation, and rooting). In the multiplication stage, the highest vigour and shoot length values of were found in the 15th subculture. Phenolic oxidation had its highest value in the 12th subculture, decreasing from the 13th. The highest value for number of shoots was found in the 11th subculture. No polymorphism was observed in the selected plant (M3) and the clonal plants obtained in the 15th subculture. For shoots elongation, the use of culture medium containing 0.10 mg L-1 BAP and 1.00 mg L-1 NAA provided the lowest means for oxidation, and the highest for vigour, number, and length of shoots. The emission of adventitious roots was observed, demonstrating that, through micropropagation, it was possible to induce the competence to root the material, even at an advanced ontogenetic age.
SUMMARY Ecological indicators are widely used to assess vegetation attributes and can be quantified through field-based and/or remote sensing data. Particularly, advances in remote sensing have ...allowed monitoring of dry forest attributes across multiple spatiotemporal scales. The objectives were to analyze the recent state-of-the-art in using remote sensing data as ecological indicators to assess dry forest attributes; identify the data source of remote sensing indicators used; and identify the geographical distribution of these studies. A systematic search was conducted for original research articles that used remote sensing data as ecological indicators of dry forests attributes. Composition indicators were assessed with the same frequency at species/population and landscape/region hierarchy levels. However, structural indicators were mainly assessed at the species/population level, and function indicators at the community/ecosystem level. Over 60 % of the articles considered one ecological indicator, 20.45 % two, and 18.18 % used three indicators. Over 47 % considered field surveys and remote sensing data to assess dry forest attributes, and more than 52 % only had remote sensing data. Four out of the 88 articles analyzed report a weak relationship between field surveys and remote sensing data. Landsat and MODIS products were the most frequently used, with South America being the most studied continent. Observations and products from a single sensor, as well as using only one ecological indicator or one hierarchy level, would not be enough to represent the complexity of dry forest ecosystems.
SUMMARY Fencing to contain livestock movement, demarcate properties, and protect economic assets has been one of the main factors restricting wildlife movement. However, research assessing the impact ...of fences on large mammals in southern South America is scarce. We modified livestock fences by clipping the bottom wire to enable endangered huemul deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) to cross in and out of forest plantations. Huemul showed a preference for crossing through areas where bottom wire strands had been removed. There was also a greater crossing frequency for fences located at lower elevation. Implementation of this simple management technique increased the availability of crossing areas, thereby facilitating huemul movement. Further fence modifications must seek to improve conditions of intervening habitat where huemul live and move, and thus prevent further population decline of this threatened species.
RESUMEN: En huertos semilleros asexuales se obtiene semilla mejorada genéticamente para producir planta destinada a los programas de plantaciones forestales, lo que ayudará a incrementar la calidad ...de la madera, productividad y disminuir los ciclos de corta. Sin embargo, los huertos semilleros asexuales establecidos en México son poco funcionales y aún se desconocen muchos aspectos de sus características reproductivas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la supervivencia, el incremento en altura, la fenología vegetativa y producción (presencia) de estróbilos de rametos juveniles de un huerto semillero asexual de Pinus patula por efecto de la procedencia geográfica de los ortetos. Las variables respuesta se analizaron estadísticamente con ANOVA y cuando existieron diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) con pruebas de medias de Tukey. Además, con la prueba de Pearson se determinó la correlación entre las características evaluadas con las variables bioclimáticas del origen de los ortetos. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas en la supervivencia por efecto de la procedencia geográfica de los ortetos y el árbol clonado, pero no en las demás variables. La mayor supervivencia se presentó en los rametos de Tlahuiltepa, Hidalgo y Ahuazotepec, Puebla, ambas con 94 %. Los mejores clones fueron: 19 y 20 (Ahuazotepec) y 75 (Agua Blanca, Hidalgo) con 100 % de supervivencia. Se encontró correlación entre la fenología vegetativa y presencia de estróbilos femeninos con 11 variables bioclimáticas. Se concluye que la supervivencia, la fenología y la producción de estróbilos femeninos de rametos de Pinus patula está influenciada por su procedencia.
RESUMEN El ciprés y el coihue son especies del bosque Andino-Patagónico, que crecen en formaciones puras o mixtas. Ambas poseen un importante rol ecológico en la región y potencial productivo. Sin ...embargo, el conocimiento sobre cómo la humedad y la radiación condicionan su desarrollo temprano es limitado. En este estudio se determinó, la respuesta de ciprés y coihue ante el efecto conjunto de diferentes niveles de radiación (95, 46 y 9 %) y humedad edáfica (100 - 80, 50 - 70 y 20 - 40 %) en supervivencia y crecimiento, bajo condiciones de vivero durante dos temporadas de crecimiento. También se midieron los efectos de estos factores en los siguientes caracteres funcionales: espesor y fuerza tensil foliar, área foliar específica, área foliar total, razón área foliar / área de albura al cuello, peso seco de los distintos compartimentos (hojas, ramas y raíces), y longitud de entrenudos. Ambas especies mostraron respuestas similares en supervivencia y desarrollo inicial, aunque coihue mostró en términos generales, mayor crecimiento y menor supervivencia que ciprés. El nivel de radiación intermedia y alta favorecieron el crecimiento de ambas especies. Los niveles de humedad no tuvieron efectos significativos en el crecimiento, pero si mostraron efectos en algunos de los caracteres funcionales, en general interaccionando con la radiación. También, el menor nivel de humedad combinado con la mayor radiación, disminuyó la supervivencia de coihue. Se concluye que el mejor desempeño temprano de ambas especies ocurre en condiciones de radiación cercanas a 50 %, que se corresponderían con bosques de estas especies de 8-10 m2 ha-1 de área basal.
RESUMEN Los Andes sudamericanos son un conjunto de montañas,generan una diversidad de climas. Eucalyptus globulus ha sido instalado en muchas laderas de los Andes norperuanos a elevadas altitudes ...(como por ejemplo en Cajamarca - Perú), desconociéndose su crecimiento y viabilidad productiva. En el presente estudio se establecieron los siguientes objetivos: i) elaborar curvas de Índice de Sitio para masas de Eucalyptus globulus situadas en los Andes peruanos sobre los 3.000 metros de altitud, ii) analizar la relación entre variables ambientales y el Índice de Sitio y iii) evaluar el efecto potencial del frío en el crecimiento de estas masas en comparación con las de otras regiones. El Índice de Sitio (IS) fue estimado usando tres modelos base de crecimiento (Bertalanffy-Richards, Hossfeld y Korf) y dos métodos de derivación (Diferencias Algebraicas - ADA y Diferencias Algebraicas Generalizadas - GADA). La relación entre los factores ambientales y el IS se determinó mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. El efecto potencial de la altitud se evaluó comparando las curvas de calidad de sitio obtenidas con las de otras regiones. La ecuación dinámica derivada del modelo de Bertalanffy-Richards mediante GADA explicó gran parte de la variabilidad del crecimiento en altura dominante. El IS presentó buena correlación con la distancia a cuerpos de agua y en menor grado con la radiación solar, profundidad efectiva y saturación de bases. Además, en comparación con otras regiones, se evidenció un lento crecimiento en la etapa inicial de la plantación, probablemente debido al efecto de aclimatación al frío (derivado de la elevada altitud).
