Koruyucu aile, korunmaya ihtiyacı olan çocuğun bakımını üstlenen aile veya kişidir. Koruyucu aile, çocuğun gelişimi için sorumluluk almakta ve çocuk ile yakın bir bağ kurmaktadır. Türk Medeni ...Kanunu’nun 325. maddesinde üçüncü kişilerin çocukla kişisel ilişki kurma hakkı düzenlenmektedir. Koruyucu aile, bu hükme göre çocukla kişisel ilişki kurulmasını talep edebilir. Koruyucu aile ve çocuk arasında kişisel ilişki kurulabilmesi için olağanüstü hâllerin bulunması ve kişisel ilişkinin çocuğun menfaatine olması gerekir. Koruyucu aile ve çocuk arasında olumlu ve güçlü bir bağ olmasına rağmen koruyucu ailenin çocukla iletişim kuramaması olağanüstü bir hâlin varlığını gösterir. Bu durumda, koruyucu aileyle kişisel ilişki kurması çocuğun bedensel, ruhsal ve sosyal yönden gelişimine katkı sağlıyorsa, koruyucu aile ve çocuk arasında kişisel ilişki kurulmalıdır. Kişisel ilişki kurulması kararı verilirken çocuğun görüşleri göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Kişisel ilişkinin çocuğun menfaatini tehlikeye düşürdüğü hâllerde, kişisel ilişki sınırlandırılmalı veya sona erdirilmelidir. Koruyucu aile ve çocuk arasındaki kişisel ilişkinin sınırları, Türk Medeni Kanunu’nun 324. maddesine kıyasen belirlenir. Bu çalışmada, koruyucu aile kavramı ve koruyucu ailenin çocukla kişisel ilişki kurma hakkı incelenmektedir. Bu çerçevede, koruyucu ailenin çocukla kişisel ilişki kurmasının şartları ve kişisel ilişkinin sınırlandırılması ele alınmaktadır.
Cet article présente la théorie de l’attachement comme un cadre utile pour réfléchir à la pratique du travail en accueil familial. Par la définition des dimensions d’un caregiving thérapeutique et ...des effets des systèmes de représentations de l’attachement chez l’adulte, elle peut aider à affiner ce qui doit être recherché lors du recrutement des familles d’accueil. Par ailleurs, sont abordées, en fonction de cette théorie, les déclinaisons d’un accompagnement professionnel des assistants familiaux, informé par cette théorie, autour d’une formation et d’un soutien ciblés. Enfin, les modalités d’intervention des équipes ont été interrogées en intégrant l’idée qu’une partie de leurs missions est d’offrir une base de sécurité aux familles d’accueil.
Social workers use interventions in the expectation that they will make a positive difference for their clients. However, research about the effectiveness of interventions is typically presented at ...the group level, which places great demands on social workers’ ability to apply such results to the needs of individual clients. Further, the content and effects of “service as usual” (SAU) interventions that social workers typically offer are often not known, making it difficult for social workers to identify what aspects of the intervention any client change can be attributed to. Using indicators of clinically meaningful change (CMC) strengthens social workers’ ability to identify what, if anything, works in any given intervention for their individual clients, and also motivates their curiosity to identify the efficacious components of SAU. CMC refers to changes in an individual’s outcome measures that are reliable or are large enough to be considered “important.” We present five indicators to analyze CMC in a child’s psychological well-being measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and illustrate their use with two empirical examples from the project Me and My Foster Family. The examples demonstrated that conclusions regarding CMC can vary depending on the indicator used, the baseline assessment, and the magnitude of raw-score change on the measured outcome. To assess change at the individual level it is important to address questions of measurement reliability and the yardstick for judging when a change is large enough to be considered “important.” Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Children living with foster families in a resource-limited setting such as Ethiopia are at risk of developmental problems. It is not yet clear whether intensive home-based developmental stimulation ...assisted by play can reduce these problems. The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of play-assisted intervention integrated into basic services on the developmental performance of children living with foster families in extreme poverty.
A randomized single-blind (investigator) controlled trial design was used. The study was conducted in Jimma, South West Ethiopia. Using computer-generated codes, eligible children of 3-59 months in age were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 39) and control (n = 39) groups at a 1:1 ratio. Children in the intervention group received home-based play-assisted stimulation in addition to the basic services provided to children in both groups. The intervention consisted of an hour of play stimulation conducted during a weekly home visit over the course of six months. Personal-social, language, fine and gross motor outcomes were assessed using Denver II-Jimma, and social-emotional outcome was obtained using an adapted Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (ASQ: SE). Information about sociodemographic characteristics was collected using a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric methods were used to determine nutritional status. The effects of the intervention on the abovementioned outcomes over the study period and group differences in change over time were examined using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE).
Statistically significant intervention effects were found for language (P = 0.0014), personal-social (P = 0.0087) and social-emotional (P < 0.0001) performances. At the midline of the study, language (effect size = 0.34) and social-emotional (effect size = - 0.603) benefits from the play-assisted stimulation had already been observed for the children in the intervention group. For language, the intervention effect depended on the child's sex (P = 0.0100) and for personal-social performance, on family income (P = 0.0300).
Intensive home-based play-assisted stimulation reduced the developmental problems of children in foster families in the context of extreme poverty. Longer follow-up may reveal further improvements in the developmental performance of the children.
The study was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 17 November 2016, Study Identifier: NCT02988180 .
La aparición de nuevas realidades sociales ha llevado a reconocer formas de familia diferentes de las basadas en vínculos jurídicos o de consanguinidad. De esta manera, se ha abierto paso a la ...protección de una estructura familiar sustentada en una situación fáctica acompañada de lazos de afecto, solidaridad y protección. En el caso colombiano, la jurisprudencia ha desarrollado el concepto de “familia de crianza”. Por su parte, en los Estados Unidos las cortes han acudido a las doctrinas de in loco parentis y adopción por equidad.
The focus of this study is on how Israeli adolescents in their last years of stay in foster care view their readiness for independent living in multiple areas, such as work, education and money ...management. The study tests a series of hypotheses regarding factors associated with readiness: Background of family of origin, placement history, Relationships with foster family, relationships with biological family while in care and current functioning.
A sample of 66 (32 females) adolescents in foster care in Israel ages 16–18 were interviewed face to face. In addition, their social workers completed a structured questionnaire to report on the adolescents' background and current functioning.
Overall, adolescents presented a positive view of their readiness in most areas. They felt less ready mainly in their abilities to secure financial resources for school and housing. Background variables and workers' reports did not predict readiness. Youth's perceptions of relationships with foster family, social support, educational achievements and the avoidance of substance abuse were correlated positively with perceived readiness.
The discussion examines the potential positive and negative implications of an optimistic view of readiness and presents implications for practice. Policy implications are suggested for preparing youth while in care and after they leave care.
•The presence of parents in their child's life and the possibilities of reunification with them are predicted by.•The quality of the parent–child relationship and the mobilization of parents.•The ...time factor.•Parents' pathologies and the consequences on their children.•Type of family and family relationship.•It is essential to work intensively with the parents at an early stage to maximise the possibilities of reunification.
The aim of this article was to identify factors that may influence the presence of parents and the possibilities of reunification with their foster children.
We find that there are 4 main areas that influence the presence of parents in their child's life and the possibilities of reunification with them.-The quality of the parent–child relationship and the mobilization of parents.-The time factor.-Parents' pathologies and the consequences on their children.-Type of family and family relationship.A majority of parents disengage in the first three years of the placement and especially in the first year. It is therefore essential to carry out intensive work with the parents as soon as possible in order to maximise the possibilities of family reunification or, if necessary, to develop a realistic and adapted project for all parties.
Parents' drug addiction generates their absence from their child's life. The accumulation of problems among parents also increases their disengagement from their child's life. The work on parenting must include intensive support in solving the personal problems of the parents of children in care. It is therefore essential to work intensively with the parents at an early stage to maximise the possibilities of reunification on the parents' personal problems and the quality of the parent–child relationship.
Cadre de la recherche : Les familles d’accueil Banque-mixte accueillent des enfants en vue de les adopter. Les enfants placés dans ce type de ressource sont généralement âgés de zéro à deux ans et ...considérés à haut risque d’abandon, mais ils ne sont pas pour autant adoptables au moment du placement, et la plupart d’entre eux continuent d’avoir des contacts ponctuels avec leurs parents d’origine. Objectifs : La présente étude jette un éclairage sur les enjeux que pose la double appartenance familiale de l’enfant pour les parents d’accueil. Elle vise à mieux comprendre comment les parents d’accueil négocient cette double appartenance familiale pendant le placement de l’enfant et tout au long du processus menant à son adoption. Méthodologie : Pour répondre à ces objectifs, trente et un entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de parents d’accueil Banque-mixte dans trois régions du Québec. Les parents ont été interrogés à deux reprises, une première fois dans l’année suivant le début du placement et une deuxième fois dix-huit mois plus tard. Résultats : Les résultats de l’étude s’articulent autour de quatre grands thèmes : 1) la perception des parents d’accueil vis-à-vis des parents d’origine; 2) les craintes et appréhensions vécues en lien avec la garde de l’enfant; 3) les enjeux d’appellation et de désignation parentales; 4) le rôle des intervenants sociaux dans les contacts entre les deux familles. Conclusions : L’appartenance familiale et les relations familiales des enfants placés en famille Banque-mixte reposent sur un équilibre dont la fragilité s’explique en partie par les intentions distinctes et parfois contradictoires des parents d’accueil et d’origine, mais aussi par d’autres facteurs tels que la vulnérabilité des parents d’origine, le profil des enfants placés et la variabilité des pratiques des intervenants sociaux. Contribution : Le placement en Banque-mixte demeure peu étudié au Québec. Cette étude permet de mieux saisir les différents enjeux sous-jacents à ce type de placement en termes de dynamiques et de relations familiales.
This study used an ethological approach to explore the baby-caregiver dyadic exchanges (Attempted interactions, Triggers, Interactions) of nineteen infants during their first weeks in Residential ...Care (RC), or a Foster Family (FF) or an Infant-Mother Centre (IMC). Direct observations were conducted at feeding time. Observed behaviours were: baby glances/gazes, dyadic exchanges and dyadic exchanges' initiator, in addition to the baby's behavioural repertoire. Descriptive analyses showed that attempted interactions were emitted more often than triggers, which themselves were more frequent than interactions. Interactions took place more often during the post-feeding phase. Vocalizations were linked to the infant's capacities to initiate interactions, and mouth movements were linked to sustained gazing. Non-parametric analyses showed that, in RC, fewer dyadic exchanges happened and babies showed the least visual attention. By contrast, in IMC, sustained gazes and baby-mother interactions were the highest. In FF, the results fell between those obtained in RC and IMC.
This study contributes to current research on the behavior problems of children in foster care by analyzing a more comprehensive set of concurrent child history and contextual predictors. Kinship ...home status and sibling status (i.e., whether the sibling is a biological sibling to the foster child) were evaluated as moderators of significant associations. Data were collected at the baseline of a foster parent training intervention program prior to any intervention services using parent phone interviews (N=310, 51.6% male, M age=7.57years). Two linear hierarchical regressions were used to evaluate each set of predictors' association with behavior problems as well as each individual predictor's contribution. Results indicated that as a set, the contextual variables predicted a significant and unique amount of variability in the child's internalizing and externalizing behavior scores, whereas the child history variables did not. Specifically, the child's placement in a non-kinship home, being in a non-ethnically matched child-parent pair, higher parent stress scores, a greater number of prior group home placements, and higher internalizing behavior scores for the child predicted higher child externalizing scores. Higher parent stress scores, higher focal sibling externalizing behavior scores, and higher externalizing behavior scores for the child predicted higher internalizing scores for the child. The association between focal sibling externalizing behavior scores and child internalizing scores was moderated by kinship home status, such that there was a stronger association between the focal sibling's externalizing score and the child's internalizing score if the child was in a kinship compared to a non-kinship home. Implications for intervention services are discussed, particularly the importance of assessing the child's foster home environment when addressing the child's behavior problems.
•Children in foster care display elevated levels of behavior problems.•Child history and contextual factors were examined as predictors of these problems.•Current context explained a significant amount of variance in behavior problems.•Child history factors did not explain a significant amount of variance.•Kinship care status moderated the effect of sibling behavior on child behavior.
PDF
