Background: Pulses are rich in their nutritional values, but having lower yield as compared to cereals. For increasing yield parameters, various crop improvement programmes were used, which mainly ...depends on the genetic architecture of the crop and the type of gene action helps in deciding the breeding strategies. Keeping under consideration, the present study therefore, is important.Methods: Eighty one triple test cross progenies developed by crossing 27 lines with three testers viz., HPBU-111, Him Mash-1 and their F1s cross between (HPBU-111 x Him Mash-1). F1 seeds were produced by cross between HPBU-111 x Him Mash-1 during Kharif 2015. By crossing these three testers with 27 lines (females), 81 hybrids were developed during Kharif 2016. The eighty one F1 hybrids along with 27 lines and 3 testers were sown during Kharif 2017 in a randomized block design with three replications.Result: Epistasis was found to be an integral part of genetic variations for the traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, pod length (cm), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant (g), biological yield per plant (g), 100 seed weight, harvest index (%) and protein content (%). i type epistatic interactions (additive x additive) had significant effects for all the traits except, plant height (cm), pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod and protein content (%). In addition to i (additive x additive), j+l (additive x dominance + dominance x dominance) type epistatic interactions was observed for all of the traits. Both additive and non-additive gene actions are important for most of the traits studied hence, simple selection procedures in the immediate progenies will not be so effective for achieving improvement in these traits.
Development of rice genotypes possessing high yielding potential; with increased grain iron content is the need of the hour to tackle hidden hunger. Considering the above said fact, genetical ...analysis was conducted in six improved cultivars along with 15 potential crosses thereof. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant differences in GCA and SCA variances for grain yield as well as for iron and zinc content, indicating the possibility of realization of development of iron fortified varieties with higher yielding potential. The preponderance of additive gene action for these two important characters i.e., iron and zinc content indicate that selection will be highly rewarding for genetic improvement pertaining to these two traits. The genotype Gouri was found to be very good combiner for both grain yield (0.93) and iron content of grain (2.04). Similarly, genotype Sebati was found as a very good combiner for both grain yield (0.13) and zinc content of grain (0.65). Some of the superior crosses identified concerning both grain yield and grain iron content were Birupa / Pradeep, Sebati / Gouri, Sebati / Pratap, Gouri / Pradeep and Pratap / Pradeep. Hence, these specific crosses can be used in further breeding programme for the improvement of both grain yield as well as grain iron content. The crosses viz., Bhanja / Pratap and Bhanja / Sebati were found to be superior crosses for both grain yield and grain zinc content.
The purpose of this research was to examine the extent of heterosis in 21crosses of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). These hybrids originated from a line x tester mating scheme in which seven ...lines were crossed with three testers. Combining ability analysis revealed that the parental lines HP-25 and HD-3086 performed well for grain yield, while HP-24, HP-22, and HP-06 were observed to be better for other qualities that contribute to yield. Significantly higher positive Specific Combining Ability (SCA) for grain yield per plant was observed for the crosses HP-22 x JAUW-683, HP-44 x HD-3086, and HP-45 x RSP-561 suggesting the role of non-additive gene action. The ratio of variances was observed to be less than unity indicating the presence of non-additive genetic effects in these cross combinations. In terms of heterotic impacts on grain yield, yield contributors, and morpho-physiological features, HP-06 x RSP-561 was shown to be the best combination
Line × Tester analysis was carried out in a set of 20 crosses developed using five lines and four testers to ascertain the nature of gene action and combining ability of parents for yield, yield ...attributes and quality traits in groundnut. The estimates of GCA and SCA variance indicated the predominance of non-additive gene action for the inheritance of all the traits except SCMR at 60 DAS. The parents TCGS 1694, TCGS 1862, Kadiri-6 and TCGS 2251 were identified as good general combiners which could be further used in breeding programmes for yield improvement. The cross, Kadiri-6 × TCGS 1862 exhibited desirable sca effects for days to maturity, number of secondary branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of mature pods plant-1 and kernel yield plant-1, while the cross Narayani × TCGS 2251 was found to be a good combiner with high sca effects for earliness (days to flowering and days to maturity).These two combinationshad either low × high or high × medium gca parents indicating the involvement of both additive and non-additive gene action.
Background: The nature of inheritance and type of gene action governing nutritional traits are complex, hence a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the overall grain quality of ...rice will lay the foundation for developing new breeding and selection strategies for combining high quality with high yield. The present investigation was carried out to understand the gene action and inheritance of yield and nutritional quality traits in rice. Methods: Crosses were effected with ten parents in diallel fashion without reciprocals during kharif, 2014, in the next rabi 2014-15 itself, all the 45 F1s without reciprocals along with parents and two check varieties were grown for producing sufficient F2 seed. The data obtained from F1s and parents were analysed as per Method II (F1s + parents) and Model - I (fixed effect) of Griffing (1956) for combining ability. Result: In the present study, cross combinations viz., WGL-32100 x DRR Dhan-40, Ramappa x RP-Bio-5478-176 for intermediate amylose, WGL-32100 x Ramappa for high protein content, MTU 1010 x RP-Bio-5478-166, WGL-32100 x RP-Bio-5478-166 for iron concentration and RP-Bio-5478-166 x DRR Dhan-40, for zinc concentration were identified as the top ranking ones for further advancement.
Crosses between local lombok cantaloupe and melon have produced the first progeny (F1). The F1 have a similar appearance to their parents. This study used two similarity assessments based on ...qualitative and quantitative traits. Qualitative characters are said to have similarities if their phenotypic appearance resembles one or both parents. The similarity of qualitative characters is visually observed using the munsell plant tissue color book and penetrometer. Meanwhile, the quantitative characters are said to have an appearance resembling one or both parents if the standard error line at the histogram between parents and offspring overlaps. In addition, analysis of gene action, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, and the maternal effect was carried out on quantitative character to obtain genetic information for producing superior local lombok cantaloupe varieties. The results of this study showed several changes in the appearance of F1 in qualitative and quantitative characters. The qualitative characters of F1 resemble the female parent, while the quantitative characters do not resemble both parents. Genetic information about potential ratio, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, and maternal effect varied. Gene action is dominated by potency ratio partial dominance and overdominance. Heterosis occurred in all treatments, while heterobeltiosis did not occur in all treatments. The maternal-effect was obtained on fruit weight, fruit diameter, and fruit length characters.
Twenty one F1 crosses resulting from half diallel mating of seven diverse local landraces of brinjal were studied to know the magnitude of heterosis. The results revealed that, among the 21 crosses, ...BBSR-08-2 × Selection from BBSR-145- 1, BBSR-08-2 × BBSR-10-25 and BBSR-08-2 × BBSR-10-26 exhibited significantly positive heterosis for vegetative growth, fruit yield and fruit yield attributing traits over mid parent, better parent and standard check. The combining ability analysis revealed that, the parents viz. BBSR-08-2, BBSR-10-26 and BBSR-195-3 were good general combiners for plant height, primary branches plant-1, fruit length, fruit girth, average fruit weight, number of fruits plants-1, incidence of bacterial wilt (%) at 90 DAT and fruit yield plant-1. The estimate of sca effect indicated that F1 crosses viz. BBSR-08-2 × BBSR-10-25, BBSR-08-2 × BBSR-10-26, BBSR-08-2 × Selection from BBSR-145-1 and BBSR-10-26 × BBSR-195- 3 were most promising for vegetative traits, fruit yield attributes, reaction to incidence of bacterial wilt at 90 DAT and fruit yield plant-1. Analysis of gene action revealed prevalence of both additive and non additive gene action for yield and its contributing traits. Thus, it may be concluded that, crosses involving parents viz. BBSR-08-2, BBSR-10-26 and BBSR-195-3 exhibited higher heterosis for fruit yield and tolerance to bacterial wilt.
The study was carried during kharif 2021 and zaid 2022 at Vegetable Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand to investigate the nutritional ...properties of bottle gourd Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl across various genotypes and hybrid combinations. Bottle gourd, a versatile crop with nutritional benefits, was analysed for traits like dry matter content, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total sugar and total soluble solids. Promising parent genotypes, P6, P1 and P4 were identified based on their per se performance. The hybrid combination P2 × P7 exhibited exceptional results considering relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis. Parent P3 demonstrated strong general combining ability for several traits. Notably, specific combining ability analysis identified hybrids like P2 × P6, P5 × P6, and P1 × P4 as promising for multiple traits. The prevalence of significant σ2SCA values over σ2GCA values highlighted the dominance gene action's role in governing these traits, suggesting the potential of hybrid breeding for genetic enhancement. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the importance of nutrient quality and presents strategies for harnessing hybrid breeding to improve these traits in bottle gourd.
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