Globalizacija,
kao proces koji teži sveobuhvatnosti i jedinstvenosti svijeta, nameće složeno
pitanje o načinima sukobljavanja s ekonomskim nejednakostima kao posljedicom
neoliberalnog modela ...integracije svjetskoga tržišta. Imajući na umu
restrukturacijsku prirodu tog procesa, koji se odvija na više razina, dolazi se
do zaključka kako nastali odnosi u svjetskoj trgovinskoj mreži umanjuju značaj
financijske suverenosti nacionalnih država. S obzirom na to, ekonomske
nejednakosti se perpetuiraju, a socijalni instrumenti nacionalnih država su
blokirani zbog umreženosti u globalno tržište koje se odvija po obrascu
neoliberalne paradigme. U radu se izlažu razine na kojima se odvija integracija
globalnoga tržišta (makro, mezo i mikro) te se ističu različiti učinci
globalizacijskoga procesa na razvijene (zapadne) demokracije, tržišna
gospodarstva u nastajanju, zemlje u razvoju te države post-tranzicije iz
socijalizma u demokraciju. Dodatno, ističe se utjecaj ekonomskih procesa i
kriza na ustavne poretke nacionalnih država, što može rezultirati „prešutnom“
izmjenom ustavnih struktura pojedinih država u smjeru rastakanja uloge
zakonodavnog tijela (kao izabranog predstavništva građana) pri kreiranju
ekonomskih, fiskalnih i socijalnih politika. Naposljetku se ukazuje kako je, s
obzirom na nemogućnost jedinstvene regulacije svjetskoga tržišta, mehanizme za
suzbijanje negativnih (socijalnih i ekonomskih) posljedica globalizacijskoga
procesa potrebno pronaći unutar okvira nacionalnih socijalnih država.
Globalization, as a process that strives for the
universality and singularity of the world, raises the complex question of ways
to confront economic inequalities as a consequence of the neoliberal model of
world market integration. Bearing in mind the restructuring nature of this
process, which takes place on several levels, it is concluded that the
resulting relations in the world trade network diminish the importance of the
financial sovereignty of national states. Given this, economic inequalities are
perpetuated, and the social instruments of national states have been blocked
due to networking in the global market that follows the pattern of the
neoliberal paradigm. The paper presents the levels at which global market
integration takes place (macro, meso, and micro) and highlights the various
effects of the globalization process on developed (Western) democracies,
emerging market economies, developing countries, and post-transition countries
from socialism to democracy. In addition, the impact of economic processes and
crises on the constitutional order of national states is highlighted, which may
result in “tacit” changes in the constitutional structures of individual states
in the direction of dissolving the role of legislatures (as elected
representatives of citizens) in creating economic, fiscal and social policies.
Finally, it is pointed out that, given the impossibility of unified regulation
of the world market, mechanisms to combat the negative (social and economic)
consequences of the globalization process need to be found within the framework
of national states.
Aktualni svjetski fenomen migracija početkom trećega tisućljeća poprima takve razmjere da je opravdano govoriti o globalizaciji migracije. Izbjeglice i migranti za mnoge su lokalne političke ...zajednice, društva i kulture izazov s kojim se ne mogu i ne znaju uvijek suočiti na pravi način. Znatno bolja situacija nije niti s kršćanskim i drugim religijskim zajednicama u odnosu prema ovoj problematici, a konkretna rješenja još uvijek niti u dovoljnoj mjeri niti na adekvatan način nije u stanju ponuditi međunarodna politička zajednica. O suvremenim migracijama stoga se uglavnom govori kao o migrantskoj krizi današnjice. Papa Franjo, koji je od početka svojega pontifikata duboko ganut tragedijom izbjeglica i migranata naočigled ravnodušnosti pojedinaca i zajednica, glasno podiže svoj proročki glas, koji prate znakovite geste i konkretni prijedlozi sustavnoga i programskoga prevladavanja ove krizne situacije svijeta, čije uzroke razotkriva u dubokoj antropološkoj krizi čovječanstva. Njegovo proročko tumačenje suvremenih migracija kroz koncilsku kategoriju znakova vremena prvenstveno smjera promjeni mentaliteta ljudi i zamjeni paradigme dekadentnoga humanizma paradigmom cjelovitoga i kršćanski kompatibilnoga solidarnog humanizma budućnosti. Uočavajući pozitivne aspekte globalizacije migracije, potiče sve ljude na prihvaćanje i aktivno sudjelovanje u povijesnoj prilici globaliziranja bratstva, solidarnosti i ljubavi. To su općeniti okviri teološko-pastoralnih razrada pojedinačnih tema kroz koje se u ovome radu iščitavaju profetička obilježja pontifikata pape Franje u odnosu na fenomen suvremenih migracija.
The current global phenomenon of migration at the beginning of the third millennium is gaining such a momentum that it would be justifiable to talk about the globalisation of migration. For many local political communities, societies, and cultures refugees and migrants are a challenge that they often cannot or do not know how to deal with in a proper way. Christian and other religious communities are also not doing much better when it comes to this issue, while the international political community has not offered so far concrete solutions that would address the issue adequately and integrally. Therefore, contemporary migrations are usually addressed as the current migration crisis. From the beginning of his pontificate Pope Francis has been deeply moved by the tragedy that besets refugees and migrants and that is seemingly ignored by individuals and communities. He has raised his prophetic voice and followed it by significant gestures and concrete proposals on how to overcome this crisis situation, whose causes he detected in the deep anthropological crisis, systematically and programmatically. His prophetic interpretation of contemporary migrations through the conciliar category of signs of the times aims at a transformation of the mentality of people and a replacement of the paradigm of decadent humanism with the paradigm of integral and solidary humanism of the future, compatible with Christianity. While noticing positive aspects of the globalisation of migration, Pope Francis has encouraged everyone to accept and actively participate in this historical chance of globalisation of brotherhood, solidarity, and love. The aforementioned is the general framework of theological-pastoral analyses of individual topics through which this contribution is detecting prophetic characteristics of the pontificate of Pope Francis in relation to the phenomenon of contemporary migrations.
We are used to thinking about inequality within countries--about rich Americans versus poor Americans, for instance. But what about inequality between all citizens of the world? Worlds Apart ...addresses just how to measure global inequality among individuals, and shows that inequality is shaped by complex forces often working in different directions. Branko Milanovic, a top World Bank economist, analyzes income distribution worldwide using, for the first time, household survey data from more than 100 countries. He evenhandedly explains the main approaches to the problem, offers a more accurate way of measuring inequality among individuals, and discusses the relevant policies of first-world countries and nongovernmental organizations.
Tijelo – medijski narcizam Rutović, Željko
In medias res,
05/2020, Letnik:
9, Številka:
16
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Popularna medijska spektakl industrija instrumentima “ zavođenja “ proizvodi “ dobrovoljnu saglasnost “ čovjeka u prihvatanju, oponašanju i vredonosnoj distribuciji korporativno-potrošačke kulture. U ...tom svijetu čovjek igra uloge van njegovih ontoloških potreba i samosvjesne realizacije subjekta kao misaonog bića.
Rad ima za cilj problematizaciju socijalno-kulturološke fenomenologije transfiguracije, prikazivanja i doživljaja tijela u optikumu konzumerističke globalizacije.
Novokonstrukcija “novog” tijela modelira se tehnikama instrumentalizacije, stereotipizacije i hibridizacije narcizma kao primarnog prikazivačkog načela takvog medijskog iskustva.
Pričujoča številka revije Ars & Humanitas obravnava razvoj konfucijanstva v Vzhodni Aziji in v svetu. Osredotočena je na vprašanja, povezana z etičnimi in filozofskimi osnovami konfucijanske ...modernizacije in z raziskavami, ki obravnavajo te osnove.
This article raises the problem of culture and globalisation coherence. It also aims to present the attitude
of globalisation and culture researchers towards influence of globalisation culture on ...interpersonal relations, as expression of spirituality. Outspread new forms of mediating communication and their possible
effects on individual’s spiritual becoming are described in such context. The study also focuses on influence of emancipation and individualism on quality of interpersonal relations. Having determined spirituality as person’s authentic relation with the world based on the highest values, the article analyses certain peculiarities of senior teenagers’ spirituality expression. Following the attitude that quality of relations is conditioned by internalised spiritual values, the value internalisation situation, as actual expression of spirituality, is determined as the object of the analysis. On the basis on the longitudinal research data, received in 1998, 2001 and 2005, the tendencies of change in cognitive level of values internalisation are highlighted. With application of M. Rokeach research methodology, it is proved that over 8 years there was little change in senior teenagers’ attitude to terminal values: mature love, real friendship, internal harmony, wisdom, happy family. More vivid positive changes were observed in acknowledgment of happy family, equality, beauty; negative changes occurred in evaluation of real friendship, creativity and national security. A very positive evaluation was revealed towards such an instrumental value as responsibility with a clearly expressed growing tendencies in acknowledgment. Senior teenagers start evaluating other values more favourably. They include: courage, leniency, politeness, dignity, obedience. However, evaluation of sensitivity, independence, selfassumption, imagination is decreasing. The study revealed insufficiently deep validity of spiritual values significance. This allows for conclusion that orientation of senior teenagers to values as source of pragmatism, utilitarianism and hedonism is strengthening. However, the essence of terminal values is perceived deeper than that of instrumental ones. Consequently, insufficient perception of instrumental values in person’s life may impede implementation of terminal values. The acknowledgement of relevance of separate values as well as their reasoning is a topical pedagogical problem.
Zaradi opustitve sovjetskih urbanističnih pristopov, liberalizacije povezane zakonodaje, zmede zaradi dajanja prednosti gospodarskim ciljem in pomanjkanja državne urbanistične strategije so ...ukrajinska mesta izpostavljena nenehnim spremembam. V članku avtorja analizirata trenutne funkcionalne in prostorske urbane preobrazbe, ki so posledica neoliberalnih globalizacijskih vplivov. Območja vozlišč v Kijevu so obravnavana kot središča največjih strukturnih sprememb, pri čemer avtorja z izbrano metodologijo proučujeta s tem povezane procese in njihove glavne značilnosti. Zaradi družbenega in zgodovinskega pomena nekatera vozlišča dobivajo večjo kulturno in simbolno vrednost, hkrati pa je na teh območjih opazen negativen vpliv nekaterih zgrešenih zamenjav prvotnih funkcij. Določenih je 44 vozlišč in šest vrst preobrazb glede na njihovo družbeno in kulturno vrednost. Kulturne, estetske, reprezentativne in komunikacijske funkcije na večini vozlišč nadomeščajo trgovska, storitvena in prometna raba. Izbrane študije primera kažejo velik pomen nadaljnjega sodelovanja javnosti pri reorganizaciji mestnega prostora v Kijevu.
The viruses that have accompanied humanity since its appearance on the planet act according to causes stemming from the laws of biology, not acording to supernatural logic nor for further purposes, ...and they know no boundaries. For this reason, they present no preferences or idiosyncrasies of any sort, more or less pernicious, produced by those basic passions that Spinoza identifies as the engine of (bad) politics: fear and hope. Shedding light on the motives and the essence of these passions should be the primary objective of dialogue and philosophical-scientific reasoning in a global society that defines itself as truly open and democratic. So here we will try to answer a basic question: Now that the frenetic rhythms of life we are used to have weakened, will we know how to make good use of the pause for reflection that is granted to us? That is, will we be more evolutionarily intelligent than coronavirus?
U radu se diskutuje povezanost procesa globalizacije i pseudonaučnih tumačenja prošlosti. Istaknuta je dvostruka veza između efekata procesa globalizacije i pseudoistorijskog/pseudoarheološkog ...izmišljanja prošlosti. Prva je tendencija da se nezadovoljstvo kulturnom globalizacijom kompenzuje verovanjem u drugačiju i lepšu prošlost, dok se druga odnosi na upotrebu savremenih sredstava komunikacije u prenošenju pseudonaučnih tumačenja prošlosti širokoj javnosti. Pomoću primera sa područja bivše SFR Jugoslavije ukazano je da proces tranzicije ka globalnom društvu, koji se desio posle perioda eskalacije nacionalizama, doprinosi osećaju krize nacionalnih, regionalnih i lokalnih identiteta i prouzrokuje težnju ka stvaranju izmišljenih prošlosti. Takođe, skrenuta je pažnja da pseudoistoričari i pseudoarheolozi obilato koriste globalna sredstva masovne komunikacije, pre svega internet, čime njihova tumačenja postaju dostupna velikom broju ljudi i prete da postanu jedan od glavnih (iako zabludnih) izvora za oblikovanje stavova o prošlosti i sadašnjosti.
Kljub podpori, ki jo v Sloveniji uživa ideja o večjezičnosti, je bil projekt uvajanja drugega tujega jezika v osnovno šolo leta 2013 prekinjen, preveč poenoteni maturitetni sistem pa dijake po novem ...odvrača celo od tega, da bi drugi tuji jezik izbirali na višji ravni, ki vključuje književnost. Tudi s širšega stališča se zdi, da je »pragmatični« vzorec jezikovnega pouka, ukleščen v zamisel o enotnem trgu dela, nezdružljiv z idejo o večjezičnosti, saj globalna angleščina v tem pogledu zadostuje. Kljub temu se v novejših prizadevanjih Sveta Evrope nakazuje koncept večjezičnosti, ki bi vključeval več metalingvistične in zgodovinske zavesti in bi priznaval koristi klasičnih jezikov. Zdi se, da so se moderni tuji jeziki znašli pred dilemo, ki jih zbližuje s klasičnima jezikoma: ob angleščini kot univerzalnem jeziku sporazumevanja je njihova aktualnost čedalje bolj odvisna od tega, koliko se posvečajo tudi kulturni in splošnoizobrazbeni razsežnosti jezikovnega pouka. To vključuje tudi pouk književnosti.
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