The Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca and Pochard A. ferina are both regular breeders in Bulgaria. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Ferruginous Duck was a widely distributed and abundant ...breeding species in Bulgaria, while Pochard was first confirmed to breed in the country only in the 1950s. Breeding habitat characteristics of Ferruginous Duck and Pochard were assessed in 2002 during a national census of the former species in 30 and 23 wetlands, respectively, where the species were present. Preferred habitat characteristics were determined based on vegetation cover, water depth, and the presence of mosaic vegetation, bank side vegetation, floating vegetation, shallow or steep banks, shallow mudflats, shallow vegetated areas and woodland along the banks. In 2002, the Ferruginous Duck population in Bulgaria was restricted more to artificial wetlands, like fishponds and micro-reservoirs, while Pochard preferred more natural wetlands, predominantly natural marshes. The altitude of wetlands with Ferruginous Ducks varied markedly, with breeding recorded up to 880 m a.s.l., while Pochard bred at lower altitudes, mostly below 300 m a.s.l. Analysis revealed that Ferruginous Ducks preferred well-vegetated, comparatively shallow wetlands with well-structured mosaic vegetation and a diversity of microhabitats, like shallow mudflats and floating vegetation. The Pochard was found to be more of a generalist in wetland selection, significantly correlated with fewer wetland parameters, and showed preference only for larger, open-water bodies. These results could help explain and give some insight into the reasons for the differences in range size, numbers and distribution of the two species and their respective conservation status in Europe and worldwide. The Pochard, whilst close to the limits of the breeding range in Bulgaria, expands its range in Europe, occupying a variety of wetlands and thus having a favourable status. The Ferruginous Duck is more of a habitat specialist, which limits its distribution and makes it more susceptible to habitat changes. These habitat preferences and the deterioration of the wetland habitats in many parts of its range could probably explain the Ferruginous Duck decreasing population and shrinking breeding range, and thus its current unfavourable conservation status.
HiperCatalunya (2003) je futuristični multidisciplinarni projekt razvojne prihodnosti katalonske regije kot hiperteritorija 21. stoletja. Projekt je zasnovan na operativnem metodološkem okviru, ki ...združuje sociološke, ekonomske, ekološke, arhitekturne in druge razvojne strategije. Rezultat študij so razvojni predlogi, ki teritorij omislijo v dimenzijah mrežnega geourbanizma (nova geografija in logistika povezovanja mest), moderniziranja sistema infrastrukture (prenova omrežja in sistema: mobilnosti, energije ipd.), oblikovanja novih hiperrealnosti, utemeljenih v razvoju infostrukture (info-prosti čas-znanje-turistični multirazvoj) in hibridizacije habitata (teritorialne razširitve, prebivalstvo, kultura).
Il n’est pas toujours possible de distinguer, au sein d’un ensemble funéraire apparemment homogène, l’existence de différences statutaires entre les défunts. Pourtant, lorsqu’elles existent, ...celles-ci définissent souvent la manière dont les vivants interagissent avec les morts : comment ils les inhument, combien de temps ils s’en souviennent, quel pouvoir ils leur attribuent. Comment identifier archéologiquement ces distinctions et, surtout, leur donner du sens ? Les pratiques funéraires mayas, étroitement liées aux habitats dans lesquels les morts sont inhumés, obéissent à une grammaire spatiale dont on perçoit aujourd’hui encore les échos parmi leurs descendants. En associant observations archéologiques issues de cas concrets et données ethnographiques, il est possible de rendre partiellement aux défunts leur place dans une hiérarchie funéraire plus nuancée que la figure parfois omniprésente des "ancêtres" ne le laisse envisager.
ne varie pas significativement (p > 0,05) d'une saison a l'autre. Une gestion efficace de ces déchets doit associer les actions « prevention », « valorisation » et « stockage » avec un maximum de ...pré-collecte.
The main objective of this study, conducted from May to October 2013 in Morofé (Yamoussoukro), was to improve the knowledge on the avifauna of rice-growing agroecosystems in central Côte d'Ivoire. ...The inventories were carried out during the different phenological phases of the rice field from 06: 00 to 10: 00 and from 15: 00 to 18: 00. We identified 84 species of birds, of which 42 species are actually found in rice paddies in Morofé. During the rice cycle, a relative abundance of 2,138 individuals' birds was recorded. Grain-eating birds accounted for 87.09% of the total number of individuals compared to 12.91% of the total number of individuals for species apparently indifferent to rice. The most representative bird species in the rice traps were the Red-eyed Dove Streptopeliasemitorquata (Rüppell, 1837), the village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus (Muller, 1776), the Red-headed Quelea Quelea erythrops (Hartlaub, 1848), the Bronze Mannikin Spermestes cucullata (Swainson, 1837) and the Magpie Mannikin Spermestes fringilloides (Lafresnaye, 1835). The analysis of the results taking in account the phenological phases of rice reveals that the vegetative phase was the richest in number of bird species and the heading phase brought together the largest numbers of birds.
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