Innovative and smart mobility systems are expected to make transportation systems more sustainable, inclusive, and safe. Because of changing mobility paradigms, transport planning and design require ...different methodological approaches. Over twelve chapters, this book examines and analyzes Mobility as a Service (MaaS), travel behavior, traffic control, intelligent transportation system design, electric, connected, and automated vehicles, and much more.
Water in and beneath a road pavement has a major impact on the road's performance and its survivability. This book provides a state-of-the-art on the topic of water in pavements and the adjacent ...ground. It includes coverage of the basic theory; where the water comes from; how it may (or may not) be drained; the effect of temperature on the movement; how movements may be modelled numerically; and the impact that water content has on pavement material and subgrade behaviour. Sections on instrumentation and monitoring are also provided. With increased concerns that road construction may introduce contaminants into the environment, the book also studies environmental aspects of water in roads and their immediate surroundings by describing the leaching action of pavement water; the opportunities for the pavement to sorb contaminants from pavement run-off; water sampling; and water quality needs. It draws on information from a wide variety of sources, particularly in Europe and the USA, both published and unpublished, having been written by a broad team of practising engineers, hydrogeologists, environmental scientists and researchers. This book is the principal output of a large collaborative study performed as part of the COST programme, managed by the European Science Foundation.
This edited volume brings together the accumulating body of work on driver and operator acceptance of new technology. It covers the theory behind acceptance, how it can be measured and how it can be ...improved. Case studies are presented that provide data on driver acceptance for new and emerging vehicle technology.
Intelligent Freeway Transportation Systems: Functional Design focuses on the efficient use of resources in the design of ITS. It discusses the principles of top down design starting with objectives ...and requirements, and provides guidance for the development and evaluation of functional design alternatives according to cost effectiveness principles. It shows how transportation planning principles such as Wardrop's Laws and traffic diversion principles relate to functional ITS device selections and equipment locations. Methodologies for translating objectives to functional device types are provided. Application factors to identify device deployment densities (e.g. number of detectors per mile) as a function of traffic conditions are provided, as are evaluation models for evaluating the benefits of design alternatives based on traffic conditions. Design guidance and benefits evaluation include the following functions: (1) Non-recurrent congestion Improvement of incident clearance time, (2) Non recurrent congestion Incident information to motorists, (3) Recurrent congestion Information to motorists, (4) Ramp metering, (5) Motorist service patrols. The book contains a number of Excel worksheets (provided on the accompanying CD) to assist in the location of ITS devices and in computing the benefits.
Road telematics and driver assistance systems offer a real opportunity to aid mobility and road safety. However, they also raise numerous questions. Problems related to the design and evaluation of ...intelligent driver support systems (IDSSs) and social perspectives related to their large scale introduction may only be fully addressed from a multi-disciplinary viewpoint. People from both engineering and social sciences, should be involved and this book provides such knowledge from both a human and social factors perspective.
Long-term monitoring of highways in soft soil areas, especially during the postconstruction period, is of great significance to ensure transportation safety and the quality of highway construction. ...Multitemporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MTInSAR) provides an effective tool for soft clay highway monitoring. However, most time-series models used in MTInSAR modeling are empirical mathematical functions, which ignores the physical properties of the observed objects and may limit the accuracy of the retrieved deformation and the understanding of the underground settlement dynamics. We propose a novel InSAR time-series deformation model (namely, NREM) with an emphasis on the rheological mechanisms for soft soil highways and environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and precipitation) to improve the accuracy of the traditional InSAR model and assist in the analyzing the rheological properties of soft soil. The NREM is constructed based on a combination of the seasonal model and the Burgers model introduced from the field of rheology. The primary parameters (i.e., viscosity and elastic modulus) are introduced in the NREM and estimated with the generation of time-series surface deformation. In the real data experiments, two highways are selected as the test areas. The results show that the standard deviations (STDs) of the high-pass deformation, which can reflect the modeling accuracy, derived by the NREM are lower than those of the three traditional models, yielding an improvement of 45% for the Lungui Highway (LH) and 50% for the G1508 Highway (GH). The root mean square errors (RMSEs) for deformation results derived from NREM are estimated to be ±5.1 mm compared with the leveling measurements, which outperforms the traditional models. The obtained rheological parameters can broaden the application of InSAR technology and provide a reference for highway engineering.
InRoutes of CompromiseMichael K. Bess studies the social, economic, and political implications of road building and state formation in Mexico through a comparative analysis of Nuevo León and Veracruz ...from the 1920s to the 1950s. He examines how both foreign and domestic actors, working at local, national, and transnational levels, helped determine how Mexico would build and finance its roadways.While Veracruz offered a radical model for regional construction that empowered agrarian communities, national consensus would solidify around policies championed by Nuevo León's political and commercial elites. Bess shows that no single political figure or central agency dominated the process of determining Mexico's road-building policies. Instead, provincial road-building efforts highlight the contingent nature of power and state formation in midcentury Mexico.
