Evlerde, halka açık yerlerde ve iş yerlerinde kullanılmayan veya çöp durumunda olan maddelere evsel atık denir. Evsel atıklara kâğıt, poşet, kutu, yiyecek, pil, metaller, plastikler, giysiler, ...mobilyalar, şişe, su, sıvı yağ, sıvı deterjanlar, karton, ambalaj, ilaç şişesi ve kutusu, eski elektronik araçlar, maske, eldiven örnek olarak verilebilir. Evsel atıkların ayrıştırılması doğal kaynakların korunması, temiz bir çevrede yaşama imkânı oluşturması ve enerji tasarrufu nedeniyle ekonomiye katkı sağlaması açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Ajzen’in Planlı Davranış Teorisi (PDT) modeli temel alınarak modele evsel atık ayırma bilgisi, çevresel kaygı, suçluluk hissi, evsel atık ayırmaya yönelik teşvik ve evsel atık ayırma bilgisini ölçmek için oluşturulan bilgi olmak üzere 4 faktör ilave edilerek, bireylerin atık ayırmaya yönelik davranışlarını araştırmak amacıyla Genişletilmiş Atık Ayırma Modeli (GAAM) önerilmiştir. Önerilen model yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılarak test edilmiş ve modelin uygunluğu çeşitli uyum ölçütlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir.
Substances that are no longer used in homes, public places and workplaces or thar are in the form of garbage are called household waste. Examples of household waste are paper, bags, boxes, food, batteries, metals, plastics, clothes, furniture, bottles, water, oil, liquid detergents, cardboard, packaging, medicine bottles and boxes, old electronic tools, masks, gloves. Separation of household waste is extremely important in terms of protecting natural resources, creating the opportunity to live in a clean environment and contributing to the economy due to energy savings. In this study, based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model, 4 factors were added to the model, namely, knowledge of household waste sorting, environmental concern, feeling of guilt, incentives for household waste sorting, and knowledge formed to measure household waste sorting knowledge. The Extended Waste Separation Model (EWSM) has been proposed to investigate individuals behavior towards waste separation. The proposed model was tested using structural equation modeling and the fit of the model was evaluated according to various fit criteria.
Housing is shaped by culturally-specific expectations about the kinds of architecture and furnishings that are appropriate; about how and where different activities should be carried out; and by and ...with whom. It is those expectations, and the wider social and cultural systems of which they are a part, that are explored in this volume. At the same time, the book as a whole argues two larger points: first, that while houses, households and families have in recent years become increasingly important as objects of inquiry in Greek and Roman contexts, their potential as sources of information about broader social-historical issues has yet to be fully realised; and second, that greater weight and independence should be given to material culture as a source for studying ancient history. The book will be invaluable for upper-level undergraduates, graduate students and scholars.
In the triad of major economic entities, households play a key role in economic processes. They make one of the fundamental pillars of the domestic market economy. Their economic condition is of ...great significance to other participants of commercial exchange and affects the functioning of other entities. Currently, every modern entity which manages limited resources strives to satisfy its needs in a way that maximizes benefits. By meeting their needs, households strive to develop a specific sense of economic safety. It is primarily conditioned by a certain level and quality of life and provides opportunities for development. Nowadays, economic safety has become the basic need and goal of every economic unit, including households.
Sosyal yardımlar, ayni ve nakdi yardımlar aracılıǧıyla bireyler veya haneler arasındaki eşitsizlikleri önlemede kullanılan önemli sosyal politika araçlarından biridir. Sosyal yardımların kimlere ve ...hangi kriterlere göre verileceǧi ve sosyal yardım alıcılarının sosyoekonomik profillerinin incelenmesi, uygulanan sosyal yardımların verimliliǧini ölçmek açısından önemlidir. Bu baǧlamda çalışmanın amacı Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'nun yapmış olduǧu Hanehalkı Bütçe Anketi mikro veri setinden yararlanarak 2003-2015 yılları arasında hanehalklarına yapılan sosyal yardımların, sosyoekonomik belirleyicilerini analiz etmektir. Analizde klasik regresyona yöntemine göre uç deǧerleri daha fazla dikkate alan kantil regresyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen yıllarda elde edilen önemli bulgular arasında kadınların, herhangi bir işte çalışmayan bireylerin ve bekârların daha fazla sosyal yardım aldıǧı tahmin edilmiştir.
▀ With inflation down and wages rising, the outlook for consumer spending in the UK is brightening. But should households opt to boost savings, the mood could darken.
▀ We think a meaningful rise in ...the saving ratio from its recent record lows is unlikely, though. Austerity may be easing, but the drag from fiscal policy is still set to limit households’ savings resources, while the durability of the current expansion may reduce the motivation for precautionary saving.
▀ What's more, any rise in interest rates on savings accounts will probably be even slower than the modest pace we expect for Bank Rate. And with the demographic shift toward an older, less thrifty, population, the appetite of households to save looks set to remain subdued.
In 1770, tavernkeeper Abigail Stoneman called in her debts by flourishing a handful of playing cards before the Rhode Island Court of Common Pleas. Scrawled on the cards were the IOUs of drinkers ...whose links to Stoneman testified to women's paradoxical place in the urban economy of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Stoneman did traditional women's work-boarding, feeding, cleaning, and selling alcohol-but her customers, like her creditors, underscore her connections to an expansive commercial society. These connections are central toThe Ties That Buy. Historian Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor traces the lives of urban women in early America to reveal how they used the ties of residence, work, credit, and money to shape consumer culture at a time when the politics of the marketplace was gaining national significance. Covering the period 1750-1820, the book analyzes how women such as Stoneman used and were used by shifting forms of credit and cash in an economy transitioning between neighborly exchanges and investment-oriented transactions. In this world, commerce reached into every part of life. At the hearths of multifamily homes, renters, lodgers, and recent acquaintances lived together and struck financial deals for survival. Landladies, enslaved washerwomen, shopkeepers, and hucksters sustained themselves by serving the mobile population. A new economic practice in America-shopping-mobilized hierarchical and friendly relationships into wide-ranging consumer networks that depended on these same market connections. Rhetoric emerging after the Revolution downplayed the significance of expanding female economic life in the interest of stabilizing the political order. But women were quintessential market participants, with fluid occupational identities, cross-class social and economic connections, and a firm investment in cash and commercial goods for power and meaning.
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