The comprehension, retention and production of idiomatic expressions is one of the most difficult areas of the lexicon for second language learners to master. This book investigates this ...under-researched and interesting aspect of language acquisition, shedding light on conventional uses of idiomatic expressions as well as creative variant forms.
In idiom translation, strategies are employed to find equivalent results from the source language to the target language. There are challenges in translating idioms. The purpose of this study is to ...find idiom translation strategies in the novel Rich People Problems. In addition to idiom translation strategies, this article also aims to classify idioms in the novel. This study used a qualitative method and was supported by quantitative data using sampling technique. As a result, as Baker (2018) explaines, this article has three idiom translation strategies. They are (1) translation using paraphrase, (2) translation by the omission of a play, and (3) translation by the omission of the entire idiom. However, there are three strategies that are not used in this article. They are borrowing the source language idiom, using an idiom of similar meaning and form, and using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form. Translation by paraphrasing is the most dominant strategy used to translate the idioms in this article, at a rate of 64.29%. In addition, this article also has the types of idioms proposed by Makkai (1972). These are (1) phrasal verb idioms, (2) tournure idioms, and the last (3) irreversible binomial idioms. Therefore, the main use of translating idioms by paraphrase may be due to time constraints for the translator due to the deadline for determining the idiom equivalences in the target language.
This paper investigates particle-verb constructions in English with focus on particle-verb idioms—idioms consisting of a particle-verb and a DP. Particle-verb idioms are classified into three ...subtypes according to the placement of the particle relative to the verb. First, there is a group of idioms that require the merged order of the verb and particle (e.g., blow off steam / *blow steam off). Another must appear in the split order (e.g., let the side down / *let down the side). The final group allows alternation between the two surface orders (e.g., keep up one’s end / keep one’s end up). Based on the finding that the flexibility in idiom interpretation is correlated with the amount of verbal structure associated (Punske and Stone 2014, Stone 2016), I argue against the derivational approach to the particle-verb construction. According to the derivational analyses, the merged and split order of particle-verbs share an underlying structure. Such an approach incorrectly predicts only two of the three groups of particle-verb idioms to be possible. I argue that a symmetrical treatment of the two surface orders of particle-verbs enables us to comprehensively account for the idiom facts. In particular, I propose that the merged and split order of particle-verbs involve two different syntactic structures. The two surface orders arise depending on whether the verbal root head-adjoins to the Part(icle) head or the verbalizing v head. The three groups of idioms realize either or both of the proposed structures. In addition to capturing the patterns of particle-verb idioms, I demonstrate that a number of traditional observations about the construction naturally follow. The analysis is shown to be robust in explaining the semantic contrast between the two surface orders, non-idiomatic particle-verbs with a fixed order, right-modification, and particle-verbs with an augmented argument structure. KCI Citation Count: 1
The aim of this article is to demonstrate the relationship between Simple Forms as understood by André Jolles and the notion of the liveliness of idioms and then to investigate the liveliness of ...idiomatic units. The liveliness of idioms, a linguistic concept that includes the mental presence and usability of idioms, appears compatible with such elements of the concept of Simple Forms as verbal gesture, actualization (proverb – idiom), continuity and multiplicity (variants, modifications), mental occupation. The myth, the proverb and the proverbial saying (idiom) are addressed under Simple Forms. After a characterisation of the idioms of mythological origin in German, the example of the idiom between Szylla and Charybdis and its variants illustrates the liveliness of the idioms in the 19th and 20th-21st centuries. The study is lexicographically and corpus-linguistically based.
Idioms are a part of the lexicon in the respective language and are considered by the learners of the respective foreign language as a hard nut to crack. The didactic proposals in the field of ...idiomatics do not seem to be sufficient. This also applies to the language pair German and Polish. The more welcome are phraseodidactic publications that try to remedy this deficiency. The combination of phraseodidactic and lexicographic practice seems to be a good idea. One such attempt is the work of Daniel Berg: “300 idiomów języka niemieckiego”, which was recently published as an e-book by PWN-Verlag. In the light of the previous phraseodidactic offer for German learning Poles, Daniel Berg’s publication is critically evaluated. Since the publication has many shortcomings in all respects, it is not recommended to use it in GFL lessons. The author disregards all the rules that one has to follow when writing a didactic and lexicographic work. Against this background, it is also assumed that corresponding corrections have not been made. At the same time, it is pointed out that phraseodidactic works require special treatment in which theory is to be combined with practice.
Language facilitates communication and helps one to comprehend the culture of the people who speak it. Language and culture interactions are studied with the help of linguoculturology. As a branch of ...humanitarian science, linguoculturology examines the role of language in the formation of culture and the role of culture in the formation of language. At the heart of linguoculturology are concepts, the fundamental building blocks connecting national thought with a universal conceptual system. These concepts, reflections of the language's worldview, are instrumental in studying people's outlook. Each country's unique ideas, embedded in its language, offer a glimpse into its distinct cultural characteristics. As linguistic phenomena, concepts manifest in stable word combinations and phraseology, shaping our understanding of language and culture. Language units such as fixed word combinations, idioms, and proverbs are understood based on concepts. Idioms are formed due to the concerted activity of different tribes and generations and become an integral part of the national culture. To understand the content of the value concepts "good" and "bad" verbalized in idioms in English, it is essential to study the culture of those speakers. The study of idioms with the concepts of "good" and "bad" in English expresses the moral values of English culture. Idioms in English confirm the national authenticity of the mentality of the people at the linguistic level.
Using a corpus of data drawn from naturally-occurring second language conversations, this book explores the role of idiomaticity in English as a native language, and its comparative role in English ...as a lingua franca. Through examining how idiomaticity enables first language learners to achieve a greater degree of fluency, the book explores why idiomatic language poses such a challenge for users of English as a lingua franca. The book puts forward a new definition of competence and fluency within the context of English as a lingua franca, concluding with an analysis of practical implications for the lingua franca classroom. This in-depth study of English language learning using corpus data will be of interest to researchers in applied linguistics and corpus linguistics and to teachers of English as an international lingua franca.
•The notion of constructional idiom as a powerful means to account for idiomaticity and cross-linguistic comparison.•Analyses based on giga-token web-crawled corpora are needed due to the low ...frequency of idioms.•English ‘insanity’ constructions are more schematic and proner to creative extensions.•Spanish ‘insanity’ constructions tend to be more substantive and less productive.•Translated constructions gravitate towards a neutral standard and reflect features of translationese.
This paper presents a corpus-based study of constructions in English and Spanish, with a special emphasis on equivalent semantic-functional counterparts, and potential mismatches. Although usage/corpus-based Construction Grammar (CxG) has attracted much attention in recent years, most studies have dealt exclusively with monolingual constructions. In this paper we will focus on two constructions that represent conventional ways to express ‘insanity’ in both languages. The analysis will cover grammatical, semantic and informative aspects in order to establish a multi-linguistic prototype of the constructions. To that end, data from several giga-token corpora of contemporary spoken English and Spanish (parallel and comparable) have been selected. This study advances the explanatory potential of constructional idioms for the study of idiomaticity, variability and cross-language analysis. In addition, relevant findings on the dialectal distribution of certain idiom features across both languages and their national varieties are also reported.
Language and culture are two elements that predominate in our existence. According to Grzegorczykowa, language is like air. It is needed in order to create and depict culture. It is a form of ...behaviour, a way of thinking and understanding the world around us. The language versatility and resourcefulness means that it can convey everything we contemplate. Therefore, its role in the linguistic system is of unparalleled importance. It performs a generative and cognitive function, and as a social phenomenon it plays a socialising role. Moreover, if the elements of culture are reflected in the language then press using written word as a tool in presenting news can be credited with coining new terms related to these cultural elements. The aim of the article is to present the influence of press in forming new idiomatic expressions.
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