The paper explores the aspects of formation, valuation and developmental resource of intangible assets in trade amid the growing role of online sales channels. The existing criteria of categorising ...the resources of trade companies as intangible assets are analysed with a focus on their suitability for the established practices. The structure of intangible assets is analysed for online and offline trade. The relevant types of intangible assets are identified and valuation problems are described.
The relevance of the topic is associated with the need to consider the basic principles of commercialization of intangible assets. The article considers stable functional relationships between ...indicators based on a company’s retrospective financial statements. Financial models of commercialization of the industrial design of the four-seat light utility aircraft MAI-411 are presented. The types of services sold, possible production costs, and sales plans are determined. The main criteria for the efficiency of investments in the industrial design are calculated.
Co-creation for brand innovation is an intriguing and rapidly growing trend in the current competitive market. Past research emphasizes the economic gains of consumer co-creation, with limited ...research focusing on the psychological effects engendered in the process of consumer brand co-creation. Drawing from self-determination theory and implicit self-esteem theory, the present research proposes an integrative framework for synthesizing the perceived psychological benefits and distinctive motivations in the brand co-creation process. The results indicated that brand self–connection and three perceived benefits of brand co-creation tasks (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) facilitate consumer motivations to participate in brand co-creation campaigns. These motivations facilitate the establishment of brand co-creation engagement, which in turn leads to strengthened brand relationship behavior. This research exemplifies that a well designed brand co-creation contest is a potent means which can not only enhance consumer engagement with the co-creation contest, but also turn engaged consumers into intangible assets for brand innovation.
Display omitted
•We propose an integrative framework for the perceived psychological benefits in the brand co-creation process.•Brand–self connection and perceived psychological benefits of brand co-creation tasks facilitate consumer to participate.•These perceived psychological benefits facilitate the establishment of brand co-creation engagement.•Brand co-creation engagement leads to a strengthened brand relationship.
The paper examines the discretionary nature of (non)capitalizing development expenditures in financial statements. A review of the literature shows that companies may have different motives and ...factors for (non)capitalizing development expenditures. This study analyzes a sample of 547 companies from the information and communications technology (ICT) sector listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in the period 2009-2018. The ICT sector was selected because it represents an industry with high R&D (research and development) expenditures. The results of the probit regression analysis made on 3,718 observations show that the capitalization of development expenditures is significantly positively related to the size and return on assets of the firm and negatively related to the age of the firm. Larger and more profitable firms are more likely to capitalize development expenditures, while older firms are less likely to capitalize development expenditures. Our results contribute to the literature in the field of positive accounting theory providing additional insights into factors associated with decisions to (non)capitalize development expenditures.
This article is devoted to evaluating the role of intangible assets in the process of increasing the value of a company. As a sample, we have chosen FMCG companies around the world. The research was ...done on 90 FMCG companies. The theoretical part presents the “Value Creation Mixer” model that allows visual identification and determines the role of this type of asset in creating company value. This study reveals that the majority of FMCG companies are undervalued in terms of the value of intangible assets by comparing the market value of intangible assets with the fundamental and theoretical value. Our empirical findings support the positive impact of intangible assets on companies’ value based on a dynamic panel approach. The policy implications suggest managers protect intangible assets intending to maximize the value of the fast-moving consumer goods companies.
ABSTRACT
This paper explores the connection between rising intangible capital and the secular upward trend in U.S. corporate cash holdings. We calibrate a dynamic model with two productive ...assets—tangible and intangible capital—in which only tangible capital can serve as collateral. We highlight the following points: (i) a shift toward intangible capital shrinks firms' debt capacity and leads them to hold more cash, (ii) the effect accounts for three‐quarters of the observed trend in average cash ratios, and (iii) it also accounts for the upward trend of cash ratios in the cross‐section of small and large firms and in the aggregate.
This paper examines the effects of a firm's intangible resources in mediating the relationship between corporate responsibility and financial performance. We hypothesize that previous empirical ...findings of a positive relationship between social and financial performance may be spurious because the researchers failed to account for the mediating effects of intangible resources. Our results indicate that there is no direct relationship between corporate responsibility and financial performance —merely an indirect relationship that relies on the mediating effect of a firm's intangible resources. We demonstrate our theoretical contention with the use of a database comprising 599 companies from 28 countries.
Intellectual capital and performance Pedro, Eugénia; Leitão, João; Alves, Helena
Journal of intellectual capital,
01/2018, Letnik:
19, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the predominant classification of intellectual capital (IC), in terms of components, using the literature of reference on the relationship between IC ...and performance and considering multi-dimensional analysis axes (MAAs): organisational, regional and national.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review (SLR) is presented focussing on empirical studies on IC published in the period 1960-2016. A protocol for action is defined and a research question is raised, gathering data from the databases of: Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. A social network analysis is also provided to determine the type of networks embracing groups, IC individual components and performance type.
Findings
Of the 777 papers included in the SLR, 189 deal with the relationship between IC and performance. The paper highlights the greater development of empirical studies starting from 2004; the organisational MAA is the most studied. The most frequently used groups of components in studies dealing with IC’s influence on performance corresponds to a triad of human capital; structural (organisational or process) capital; and relational (social or customer) capital, which determine positively the performance of organisations/regions/countries, but their influence is not linear and depends on various factors associated with the context and surrounding environment.
Practical implications
This study has wide-ranging implications for politicians/governments, managers and academics, providing empirical evidence about the relationships between the components of IC and performance, by MAAs, and a global vision and better understanding of how those IC components have developed and how they are related to performance.
Originality/value
Due to the high number of references covering a wide range of disciplines and the various dimensions (e.g. organisational, regional and national) that form IC, it becomes fundamental to carry out an SRL and systematise its MAAs to deepen knowledge about what has been discovered/developed in this domain, in terms of empirical studies, in order to situate the topic in a wider theoretical-practical context. The paper is exceptionally wide-ranging, covering the period 1960-2016. It is one of the first clarifying studies on systemisation of the literature on IC, by MAA, and an in-depth study of IC’s impact on the performance of organisations/regions and countries which may serve as a guideline for future studies using the taxonomy proposed.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the mediating role of potential and realized absorptive capacity in intellectual capital (IC) and business performance. It also ...investigates the direct impact of the components of IC on business performance.
Design/methodology/approach
Partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to assess the effect of IC dimensions on performance and to analyze the mediating role of absorptive capacity in this relationship. Data were collected from 192 managers using a survey questionnaire with Likert scale items.
Findings
The findings of the study show that potential absorptive capacity does not intervene in the relationship between the components of IC and those of business performance. However, realized absorptive capacity, measured as the transformation and exploitation of knowledge, played a positive mediating role in the relationship between the dimensions of IC and those of business performance. Social capital was also noted as a weak predictor of business performance, while human capital and organizational capital had a profound positive influence.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on IC by examining the role of realized and potential absorptive capacity in the relationship between IC components and firm performance. This research also helps practitioners recognize the importance of transformation and the exploitation of knowledge for business performance.
PDF
