With a person-centered approach, the constellations of internal motivation and external motivation to respond without prejudice within individuals are examined, and how these relate to directly and ...indirectly reported levels of prejudice. Using latent profile analysis, we identified four subgroups of motivated individuals among large national samples of majority members in Germany (N = 1745) and in the Netherlands (N = 1645). With one exception, these subgroups differed in the proportion of prejudiced individuals as well as the average level of self-reported prejudice. Our findings make a contribution to the literature by highlighting the importance of considering how internal and external motivations are organized within individuals for understanding their prejudicial responses.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, FSPLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Collaboration between teachers of the Special Integration Education Program (PPKI) and general education teachers is a key factor in the successful implementation of the inclusive education. Internal ...motivation factors and the attitude of teachers involved in inclusive education are vital to ensure the smooth implementation of inclusive education. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the internal motivation and attitude toward collaboration between PPKI teachers and general education teachers in the implementation of inclusive education. This study is a survey study using quantitative methods. The theory used in this study is Glasser's Choice Theory. The instrument of this study is a questionnaire adapted from a thesis entitled A Case Study of Collaboration Between General Education Teachers and Special Education Teachers in a Southern Rural High School by Oassie Jean Daniels in 2017. This study involves PPKI teachers and general education teachers in a primary school with a Special Education Integration Program of Learning Disabilities in the district of Pasir Gudang, Johor. The data was analysed using SPSS version 26 software. The findings of the study show that the highest mean score for internal motivation is a sense of belonging while the attitude towards collaboration is teacher cooperation and openness. There is a significant relationship between internal motivation and attitude toward collaboration between PPKI teachers and general education teachers in the implementation of inclusive education. In the future, this study can be conducted on a larger population and use different research theories.
The application of green prevention and control techniques (GCTs) is a vital measure for improving the quality of agricultural products and enhancing the safety of the ecological environment and ...agricultural production. However, realistically, limited by the small-scale, part-time and decentralized business model, the adoption of GCTs by family farms in China faces practical problems such as insufficient internal transformation force and ability, as well as low external supervision efficiency. To reveal the directions of promoting family farms' GCTs adoption behavior, we establish a comprehensive theoretical model through the application of a novel integrated approach combining two dominant psychological theories of behavior change: the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Norm Activation Model (NAM). We apply this framework to targeted research of vegetable growers in Henan Province in China using survey data (sample n = 653) analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). The integrated TPB-NAM model provides insight into both internal motivation and external environmental conditions for farmers' predicted adoption of GCTs. First, internal motivation, value cognition and personal norms are all driving factors affecting the GCTs behavioral intention of vegetable family farms. When GCTs are driven by the dual motivations of “self-interest” (personal norms) and “others-interest” (value cognition), personal norms can be activated by two factors: awareness of consequences and responsibility attribution. Furthermore, social norms, capital endowment and government regulation are the pressure and obstacle factors affecting the GCTs application of vegetable family farms. Social norms can indirectly affect the application of GCTs by forming personal norms. In addition, there are differences between the influencing factors and mechanism of GCTs adoption behavior intention of family farms of different sizes. Based on this, we propose some specific policy suggestions from three aspects: enhance value cognition, improve environmental awareness and responsibility perception, fill in the shortcomings of capital endowment, and implement differentiated incentive and restraint policies.
The theoretical framework for examining farmers' adoption of GCTs based on an integrated NAM-TPB model. Display omitted
In practical training in pharmacy, the goal is not to be able to work immediately in clinical settings, but to acquire the basic knowledge, skills, attitudes, and problem-solving abilities that will ...enable them to be active as pharmacists who contribute to social needs in medicine, health, welfare, etc. in the future. It is necessary to provide guidance bearing in mind that learning efficiency will be enhanced when trainees and supervisors both understand the significance of the goals and master them, rather than simply acquiring them as tasks as indicated in the Model Core Curriculum.At Toyooka Public Hospital, we strive to provide practical training that is not knowledge-oriented, but rather one in which trainees experience individual cases and cases in the clinical setting as a member of the medical profession. Practical training is provided to foster an understanding of the significance of pharmacist work in medical care and the role of pharmacists in drug treatment, as well as the practical ability to respond flexibly in the medical field as a pharmaceutical professional. The instructors should share with the students that they should be aware of bridging what they have learned so far to the clinical sites where they will practice, and even to the national examinations. Also, as pharmacists, tell them to always think about what they can do for the patients in front of them and act accordingly. and to always think about what they can do for the patients in front of them as pharmacists.
Cel pracy
Cel omówionych w artykule badań stanowiła identyfikacja praktyk organizacyjnych zdolnych do kształtowania w umysłach pracowników przekonań o zasadności podejmowania działań na rzecz ...cyfryzacji zatrudniających ich organizacji.
Materiał i metody
Podzielanie takich poglądów przez pracowników zwiększa szanse na ich zaangażowanie w tego typu aktywności. Badania przeprowadzono na zbiorze n = 763 odpowiedzi kwestionariuszowych. Praktyki organizacyjne wpływające na przekonania w zakresie cyfryzacji ustalono metodą regresji liniowej, wydobywając je ze zbioru badanych kwestionariuszem 39 zmiennych charakteryzujących sytuację organizacyjną.
Wyniki
Badania wskazały listę praktyk posiadających statystycznie istotną zdolność oddziaływania na poglądy i przekonania pracowników na temat cyfryzacji. Zbiory takich praktyk określono oddzielnie dla organizacji wdrażających cyfryzację skutecznie oraz nieskutecznie.
Wnioski
Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników sformułowano również ogólne zasady tworzenia sytuacji pracy zdolnej wzmacniać te poglądy i przekonania pracowników, które motywują ich do podejmowania zachowań wartościowych i pożądanych z perspektywy organizacji.
Objectives
The aim of the research discussed in this article was to identify organizational practices capable of shaping employees' beliefs in the legitimacy of actions towards the digitalization of organizations. The sharing of such views by employees increases the likelihood of their engagement in digitalization efforts.
Material and methods
The study was conducted on a set of n = 763 questionnaire responses. Organizational practices influencing beliefs about digitalization were determined using linear regression, extracting them from a set of 39 variables characterizing the organizational situation surveyed in the questionnaire.
Results
The research identified a list of practices with statistically significant ability to influence employees' views and beliefs about digitalization. Sets of such practices were defined separately for organizations implementing digitalization effectively and ineffectively.
Conclusions
. Based on the results, general principles were also formulated for creating work situations capable of strengthening those employee beliefs and convictions that motivate them to engage in behaviors valuable and desirable from the organizational perspective.
Today, virtual reality technologies offer unlimited potential for extensive virtual visits to real tourist destinations. The aim of the research is to measure the impact of the variables affecting ...the change of attitude in the decision to travel using virtual reality. This research is quantitative research, and in terms of purpose, it is applied, and in terms of data collection, it is a descriptive-survey of correlation type. The statistical population of this research is the users of the tourism channel. According to the Cochran relation, the sample size was 270 people, who answered the questions by distributing the questionnaire online in the statistical community. First, the collected data were analyzed and in the next step, the variables were ranked using the process of fuzzy hierarchy analysis. The research findings indicate that the criteria of flexibility, usefulness, perceived pleasure, a positive and significant relationship with changing attitudes has it. The results obtained in the fuzzy hierarchical method show that the variables of attitude change are first rank, usefulness is second rank, decided to travel is third rank, flexibility is fourth rank, perceived pleasure is fifth rank. It is concluded that tourism service providers should create new models in line with tourism marketing in order to raise the level of virtual experience of tourists.IntroductionIn the development of information and communication technology, the growth of virtual reality technology has attracted attention, especially considering the innovations that are expected from the fifth generation of mobile communications (5G). The fifth generation of mobile communications is an international mobile standard with the aim of commercialization in 2020(Lee et al., 2020). Tavakli and Mora say that despite the move towards virtual tourism, the experiences of tourists in virtual tourism destinations remain relatively unknown. This is especially true if the gender identity and behavior patterns of Iranian women in virtual tourism destinations are mentioned (Tavakoli, Mura, 2015). Zhang and colleagues say that although the studies related to virtual tourism have formed a relatively complete theoretical framework, it is not enough to respond to the systematic and comprehensive attitude of tourists and the causes of the attitude towards virtual tourism (Zhang et al., 2022). It has also been raised in the field of challenges; Although virtual reality provides information about the destination as smart tourism and is very useful, it is slow due to the problems of accepting new technology by tourists (Pestek et al., 2020). Tan and his colleagues have conducted research under the title; Borders are open again! Has virtual reality been friend or foe? Therefore, in this regard and according to the above, the basic research question is what effect does virtual reality have on the attitude and ultimately the intention to travel in terms of external and internal motivations? Previous researches have focused on the role of virtual reality displays in creating a sense of presence and how virtual reality affects destination marketing. To answer this question, a new model in technology development was created in this study. The gap that exists is that in few researches, in terms of investigating the motivation in using virtual reality in tourism, a distinction has been made between internal and external motivations, although Leung et al. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a parsimony and should be expanded to include factors that are particularly relevant to it (Leong et al., 2020). Therefore, based on the theory of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, in the technology acceptance model, the current research measures the effect of flexibility, usefulness and perceived enjoyment of virtual reality on the change of attitude in the decision to travel. In the current research, an attempt has been made to change the attitude towards virtual reality in tourism. In addition to external motives such as usefulness, criteria such as curiosity, relaxation, and personal belief, which are internal motives, have been investigate.Material and Method:This research is quantitative research, and in terms of its purpose, it is applied, and in terms of the method of data collection, it is a descriptive-survey of the correlation type. The method of collecting information is divided into two categories: field (questionnaire tool) and library sources. Library sources have been used to collect theoretical foundations and research literature, and field methods have been used to collect research data. The confirmatory factor analysis test was used to verify the validity of the questions and to specify the key factors of each component, and the structural equation modeling technique was used to check the fit of the research model with the collected data. In the next step, we rank the variables using Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis Process (FAHP), and make decisions by converting expression variables into triangular fuzzy numbers.Discussion and resultsThree variables of flexibility, usefulness, and pleasure were considered in attitude change, and in attitude change, in addition to measures of external motives, measures of internal motives such as curiosity, relaxation, and personal belief are effective in the decision to travel. ConclusionsThe findings show that the more the level of usefulness, perceived pleasure and flexibility increases in the virtual space, the more the person's attitude changes accordingly. In the next step, we ranked the confirmed variables using the fuzzy AHP method. Basically, although fuzzy systems describe uncertain and uncertain phenomena, the fuzzy theory itself is a precise theory. The results obtained based on the weighting coefficient show that the attitude change variable ranks first, usefulness ranks second, decision to travel ranks third, flexibility ranks fourth, and perceived pleasure ranks fifth. The findings of the research showed that the flexibility, usefulness, perceived enjoyment of virtual reality by virtual tourism users had an effect on the change of attitude, and this factor leads to their intention to travel. The result of this will increase the number of tourists in the real environment. Therefore, it is suggested that virtual reality service providers design programs and applications based on this technology to enrich the content of advertising video by adding more dynamic interactive virtual reality elements, creating immersive virtual reality products in order to improve the experience. Increasing the enjoyable experience of virtual tourists affects their behavioral intentions and as a result requests for more information about destinations, the likelihood of visiting the virtual site and then the real trip. The findings showed that in addition to external motives such as usefulness, measures such as curiosity, soothing, and personal belief, which are internal motives, have an effect on the intention to travel
The urban forest is a tourist destination in a natural urban environment. The relationship between visitor activities, the characteristics of the place, and the meaning of the place is very important ...in maintaining its nature. This research was conducted using mixed-method approach, with exploratory sequential design. The first stage explores the motivation for visiting and activities in the urban forest. The second stage reveals the correlation between internal, external motivational factors, activities, and a sense of place in the urban forest. The analysis used is factor analysis and multivariate correlation analysis, to look for relationships between dimensions that are formed based on measured variables. The results showed a correlation between internal motivation, external motivation, activities and a sense of place, interested in visiting the urban forest because of their physiological, psychological, natural environment, accessibility and relaxation needs. Meanwhile, they are very interested because of their social, cultural, recreational activities and seeing attractions.
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to making workers more uncompromising with respect to issues such as quality of workplace relations and work-life balance. Hence, motivation and ...leadership style assume a key relevance for keeping the workforce engaged. We hypothesize that individuals may exhibit different preferences for motivational drivers and for leadership style, and that these two sets of preferences might be correlated with each other and with employees’ personality traits. Design/methodology/approach Here, we empirically investigate the relationship between leadership style and motivation, by also hypothesizing the possible contribution of personality traits. An online survey was developed and distributed to 150 employees or interns/trainees to collect measures related to their preference for leadership, their motivational drivers, as well as their personality traits. The data were analyzed by means of mediation and moderation analyses to disentangle the three-level relationship existing between these constructs. Findings Our results suggest that indeed there exists a relationship between preferences for leadership style and motivational drivers. Furthermore, one of these relationships appears to be critically mediated by specific personality traits. Originality/value This work is the first, to our knowledge, empirically testing the existence of a three-level relationship between leadership preferences, motivation and personality traits of employees and to contribute to disentangle their reciprocal influences.
The marine economy has always occupied an important position in China’s economic development. It is not only an important element of the national economy but also the primary economic form in coastal ...areas. In recent years, China’s economy has been growing at a rapid pace, and the marine economy’s share of GDP has expanded as well. However, it is undeniable that the sustainable development of marine economy is also confronted with unprecedented challenges, such as sea pollution and the degradation of coastal ecosystem, etc. This article aims to prevent the predatory growth of the marine economy, to promote sustainable development, and to achieve the coordination and unity between marine economy and marine ecology, culture, resources and technology. This study explores the internal motivation of the sustainable evolution of marine economy and develops a new indicator system using data from 11 coastal areas in China from 2008 to 2018. The level of sustainability of the marine economy in China's coastal areas is evaluated using a combination of entropy and the improved topsis method. Results show that technological innovation driving has gradually replaced the resource-invested growth model. From 2008 to 2018, the sustainability of marine economic development in China's coastal areas showed a stratified trend, with obvious differences between different regions. Among them, the sustainability of Guangzhou was as high as 0.445, the development efficiency of Tianjin and Shanghai was higher, and the total marine economy of Zhejiang and Jiangsu was high but the sustainability was weak. Finally, we discussed the causes that contribute to regional disparities and offered recommendations.
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