Samandrag Studiar om fagpersonar sine erfaringar med samhandling om kvardagsrehabilitering er etterspurt. Hensikta med studien var å utforske og beskrive korleis tilsette erfarer samhandling om ...kvardagsrehabilitering. Gjennom 13 kvalitative intervju fekk vi innsikt i korleis tilsette i heimetenestene erfarer samhandlinga. Informantane beskriv ei ambivalens i samhandlinga. På den eine sida opplever informantane god samhandling i teamet, felles forståing for oppgåvene og lite konfliktar innanfor teamet. Samstundes erfarer informantane at samhandlinga med resten av heimetenestene er meir utfordrande. Denne ambivalensen kan forståast som at informantane opplever å stå i eit spenningsfelt mellom ope og lukka samarbeid. Vidare er fleksibilitet i samhandlinga viktig for at arbeidsoppgåvene skal bli gjort og kvardagen skal fungere. Informantane må ofte prioritere oppgåver i heimetenesta framfor kvardagsrehabilitering, og ta att oppdrag med kvardagsrehabilitering seinare på dagen. Fleksibiliteten er særleg utfordrande for informantane med delt stilling i kvardagsrehabiliteringsteam og ordinær heimeteneste. Prioriteringa av hasteoppgåver bremsar arbeidet med kvardagsrehabilitering. Informantane beskriv korleis digitalisering lettar samhandlinga mellom for eksempel fastlege, sjukehus og heimetenesta. Elektroniske verktøy fungerer som ein møteplass for samhandling. Det er behov for vidare utforsking av korleis digitalisering bidreg i samhandlinga om kvardagsrehabilitering.
Rana lingvistička istraživanja pokazala su da se neke od najvećih razlika između govora muškaraca i žena mogu naći na razini diskursa. Različite lingvističke strategije koje koriste u svom govoru ...uvjetovane su društvenim ulogama, odnosno različitim položajem muškaraca i žena u društvu. Uz to, strategije koje govornici koriste na diskursnoj razini često se povezuju s odnosima moći i solidarnosti. Ovaj se rad fokusira na politički diskurs retoričke razgovorne (dijaloške) vrste televizijskoga političkog intervjua. S obzirom na važnost društvenog surječja i odnosa moći u političkom govoru, postavljena su dva cilja: 1) istražiti način na koji sugovornici (novinari) komuniciraju s muškim i ženskim sugovornicima na položaju moći (premijer Andrej Plenković i predsjednica Kolinda Grabar Kitarović); 2) ispitati postoje li razlike u načinu na koji muškarci i žene argumentiraju svoje stavove u prijeporima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da se stav sugovornika prema osobi na položaju moći razlikuje ovisno o rodu te osobe s obzirom na preklapanje i prekidanje govora. Nadalje, utvrđeno je da govoreći o istim temama vezanim za međusobnu komunikaciju, premijer i predsjednica koriste različite načine argumentiranja u odnosu na logičke pogreške i smicalice. Predsjednica koristi smicalice istančanog razlikovanja, odlaganje (ad socordiam), navođenje suprotnog primjera (exemplum in contrarium) te argumente iz korisnosti (argumentum ab utile), dok premijer koristi odlaganje i sofističke obrane koji su udruženi s natjecanjem u važnosti, antiparastazu, protupitanja, duhovite upadice koje uključuju ironiju. Takav premijerov izbor smicalica podupire narativ dominantnosti.
Early linguistic research has shown that some of the greatest differences between male and female speech can be found at the level of discourse. Different linguistic strategies depend on different social roles or different social positions of men and women. Apart from that, the strategies used at the level of discourse are often associated with power and solidarity. This paper focuses on political discourse or more precisely on rhetorical conversation (dialogue) in the form of a political TV interview. By taking into account the importance of social context and power relations in political speech, two different aims have been set: 1) to research how interviewers (journalists) communicate with men and women in the position of power (Prime Minister Andrej Plenković and President of the Republic of Croatia Kolinda Grabar Kitarović); 2) to investigate whether there are any differences in argumentation depending on the speaker’s gender. The research results have shown that the interviewer’s attitude towards the person in the position of power, as well as the number of interruptions and overlaps, differs depending on the gender of that person. Furthermore, it has been determined that the Prime Minister and the President use different methods of argumentation and different logical fallacies when talking about the subjects related to their mutual communication. The President uses fallacies such as phantom distinction, appeal to postponement or ad socordiam, exemplum in contrarium and argumentum ab utili. On the other hand, the Prime Minister uses appeal to postponement and sophisms, together with the priority argument (competition per importance), antiperistasis, counterquestions and humour including irony. The Prime Minister’s choice of fallacies supports the narrative expressing dominance.
Vi kjemper en kamp Blekken, Lene Elisabeth; Saga, Susan; Nakrem, Sigrid ...
Tidsskrift for omsorgsforskning,
06/2022, Letnik:
8, Številka:
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Journal Article
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Bakgrunn: Hensikten var å utforske hvordan pårørende til pasienter på sykehjem erfarte samarbeidet med sykehjemstjenesten etter at de hadde opplevd at nær familie hadde blitt utsatt for vold, ...overgrep eller forsømmelser. Metode: Kvalitative individuelle intervjuer med 16 pårørende. Resultat: Overordnet erfarte pårørende at samarbeidet med sykehjemstjenesten var svært krevende: «som om det er en slags kamp eller krig – som om vi ikke har felles mål». Analysen resulterte i seks temaer. Tema 1 til 5 forteller om de ulike fasene i kampen: 1) Å oppdage at den vi er glade i, blir utsatt for vold, overgrep eller forsømmelser, 2) Å skulle fortelle det vi ser til de som jobber på sykehjemmet, 3) «System» og ledelse fungerer ikke, 4) Følelse av utrygghet, mistillit og maktesløshet og 5) Å ta tilbake kontrollen ved å ta over ansvar for pleie og behandling. Tema 6 handler om pårørendes rolle i arbeidet med å forebygge vold, overgrep og forsømmelser, hvor pårørende ønsker å bli involvert som reelle samarbeidspartnere mot en felles målsetting om personsentrert pleie. Konklusjon: Det var vondt og svært belastende å være pårørende til en forelder/ektefelle som har vært utsatt for vold, overgrep eller forsømmelser
To develop and content validate a self-assessment questionnaire on motivational interviewing (MI) practice as the first stages in forming the questionnaire to be used in cross-sectional studies ...involving practitioners conducting the MI-based alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI).
A comprehensive mixed methods approach included a literature review, 3 rounds of expert panel (EP) opinions (n=10), cognitive testing (CT) with 10 MI-based ASBI practitioners, and questionnaire piloting with 31 MI-based ASBI practitioners. Based on the EP opinions in the second round, content validity indices (CVIs) and the modified kappa coefficient (k*) were calculated, focusing on the relevance and understandability of questions and comprehensiveness and meaningfulness of the response options. This analysis was performed in 2020, at the conclusion of the national "Together for a Responsible Attitude Towards Alcohol Consumption" ("Skupaj za odgovoren odnos do pitja alkohola", SOPA) project's pilot implementation.
On a scale level, CVI values based on universal agreement for the entire questionnaire were high for 3/4 categories (S-CVI-UA>0.80), and CVI values based on average agreement were high across all categories (S-CVI-Ave>0.90). At the item level, CVI values (I-CVI) were never <0.50 (automatic item rejection), and the modified kappa value (k*) indicated poor validity for two items in the understandability category (k*=0.33). All problematic parts of the questionnaire were further tested and successfully modified based on the results of CT, and accepted in the third round of testing.
The final version of the questionnaire demonstrated appropriate content validity for use in studies among Slovenian MI-based ASBI practitioners and is now ready for further psychometric testing.
Na temelju teološko-katehetske, religiozno-pedagoške i sociološke literature u radu su predstavljeni rezultati kvalitativnoga istraživanja o promišljanjima odgojiteljica, vjeroučitelja/ica i ...ravnatelja Zagrebačke i Sisačko-moslavačke županije u kojoj mjeri kršćanska vjera pomaže pronaći smisao u vremenu krize pandemije i potresa te pruža li čvrstu nadu kao oslonac u različitim okolnostima radi poboljšanja kvalitete života u predškolskim ustanovama, Centrima za odgoj i obrazovanje, osnovnim i srednjim školama. U prvom dijelu ovoga znanstvenoga rada ukratko je objašnjena metodologija kvalitativnih istraživanja koja pruža mogućnost detaljnijega i dubljega sagledavanja i razumijevanje problema koji se istražuje. Iskazi sugovornika u dubinskom intervjuu o promišljanjima pred izazovima pandemije i potresa, opisani u drugom dijelu rada, omogućuju dublje razumijevanje percepcije aktualnoga stanja u odgojno-obrazovnim ustanovama s posebnim naglaskom na duhovno-vjerničkim proživljavanjima vremena u kojem živimo. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da se intervjuirani vjeroučitelji, unatoč općeljudskim osjećajima straha, anksioznosti, nesigurnosti, tjeskobe i izgubljenosti, uspijevaju hrabro i odvažno nositi kroz ovo vrijeme zahvaljujući čvrstom pouzdanju u Boga, molitvi, vjeri i nadi, što je evidentno u njihovu još zauzetijem i predanijem radu s djecom i mladima.
Based on the theological-catechetical, religious-pedagogical, and sociological literature, the paper presents the results of qualitative research on the reflections of educators, religious teachers, and principals of Zagreb and Sisak-Moslavina counties on the extent to which the Christian faith helps to find meaning in times of crises due to the pandemic and the earthquake, and does it provide firm hope and support in different circumstances to improve the quality of life in preschool institutions, Centers for Education, primary and secondary schools. The first part of this scientific paper briefly explains the methodology of qualitative research, which provides the possibility of more detailed and deeper consideration and understanding of the problem researched. The second part of the paper brings the statements of the participants of this in-depth interview and their thoughts regarding the challenges set before them by the pandemic and the earthquake. They provide a deeper understanding of the perception of the current situation in educational institutions, with emphasis on spiritual and religious experiences of the time we live in. The results show that despite the general feeling of fear, anxiety, insecurity, angst, and loss, the interviewed religious teachers manage to cope in these times bravely and boldly, thanks to their trust in God, prayer, faith, and hope, which is evident in their even more involved and dedicated work with children and young people.
Predmet je ovog rada prikaz poljoprivrednog zadrugarstva na primjeru povijesne i socioekonomske analize Velika Pisanica poljoprivredne zadruge1 koja u kontinuitetu posluje već
75 godina. Zadruga je ...poslovni model koji potiče iskorištavanje potencijala malih hrvatskih poljoprivrednih proizvođača i nudi njihove poljoprivredne proizvode tijekom cijele godine. Podržavajući proizvodnju i siguran plasman proizvoda svojih zadrugara, Zadruga i danas uživa veliko povjerenje poljoprivrednih proizvođača. Iako je Zadruga poslovala u dva različita društvenopolitička sustava, uspjela se prilagoditi promjenama u društvu i održati poslovanje uspješnim. Zahvaljujući stručnom vođenju Zadruge i velikoj fleksibilnosti u poslovanju, te isticanju važnosti obrazovanja kod djelatnika i zadrugara, Zadruga je dala nemjerljiv doprinos lokalnoj zajednici. Međutim, veliki izazov opstanka Zadruge u budućnosti su mladi poljoprivrednici koji su, nažalost sve manje zainteresirani za poljoprivredu. Rad se metodološki temelji na analizi arhivskih i internih dokumenata Zadruge i podacima dobivenima iz intervjua s njenim upraviteljem. Ovim radom autori žele istaknuti Zadrugu kao pozitivan primjer specifičnog poslovnog modela koji je nepravedno zapostavljen u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Merk: Denne artikkelen ble publisert i tidsskriftet FOU i praksis. Tidsskriftet skiftet navn til Nordisk tidsskrift for utdanning og praksis i september 2019. Elevbedriftsmetodikk ser ut til å ...sammenfalle med gunstige læringsbetingelser for elever med særlige behov. Elevbedrifter i ungdomsskolen er pedagogiske opplegg der elevgrupper starter opp, driver og avvikler en bedrift, og noe av hensikten er å gi elevene praktiske erfaringer gjennom aktive arbeidsmetoder i samarbeid med andre. Elevbedriftsmetodikken gir også mulighet for å jobbe med inkludering i opplæringen, noe som er særlig positivt for denne elevgruppen. Artikkelen belyser organisatoriske valg lærerne tar for elever med særlige behov når de deltar i elevbedrift, og lærerintervjuene viser hvordan de pedagogiske vurderingene lærerne gjør for elevene med særlige behov, er i tråd med en inkluderende opplæring. Sitér: Somby, H. M. (2017). Læreres pedagogiske organisering av elevbedrift for elever med særlige behov. Tidsskriftet FoU i Praksis, 11(2), 41–58. English abstract English title: Teachers’ pedagogical organization of pupil enterprises for pupils with special needs Previous studies in Norway indicate that pupil enterprises can be beneficial for pupils with special needs. This study seeks to investigate coinciding elements of pupil enterprises and beneficial conditions for learning in regard of pupils with special needs. Pupil enterprises is a practical and pedagogical project in which pupils establish, run and close down a mini-company in cooperation with peers. The pupil enterprise methodology also opens up possibilities for inclusive education and training, a positive factor for pupils with special needs. This paper investigates the teachers’ organization of pupil enterprises for pupils with special needs, through teacher interviews, and shows how teachers’ organizational and pedagogical assessments seem to support inclusive processes.
Avtorica v članku obravnava »begunsko problematiko« v oddaji Odmevi na slovenski javni televiziji. Zanima jo, kako konvencionalna naturalizirana pravila novinarske prakse in uprizarjanje nevtralizma ...kot sestavnega dela profesionalne samopredstave političnega novinarstva določajo obravnavo teme. V tem kontekstu analizira izbor »zunanjih« ali »prisvojenih« glasov v studijskih intervjujih v Odmevih ter diskurzivno umeščanje intervjuvancev v narativ oddaje. Ugotavlja, da a) selekcija in b) diskurzivna obravnava gostov v studijskih intervjujih v Odmevih povzročata oz. omogočata zožanje razprave o »begunski problematiki« na polje legitimnih nasprotij, torej na tiste poglede, ki jih zastopa strankarska politika. S selekcijo in z obravnavo zunanjih glasov (gostov v studiu) se ustvarja t. i. mnenjski ali diskurzivni tunel, zaradi katerega prihaja do popolne simbolne marginalizacije vseh pogledov zunaj parlamentarnega mainstreama in njegovih interesov ter do obravnave »begunske problematike« kot sosledja pripetljajev.
Among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), low level of daily physical activity (PA) is the main risk factors for developing cardiovascular, metabolic, and musculoskeletal ...comorbidities. Increasing PA in people with COPD is complex as PA behavior itself is complex and multifaceted, including personal, physiological, and psychological elements as well as social and environmental factors. Although eHealth solutions such as web-based support or websites have shown positive effects on PA in people with COPD, the results are inconclusive, and it is still unclear how eHealth solutions might be used to support positive changes in PA behavior in people with COPD.
This study aimed to explore the perceptions of increasing objective PA when using a web-based eHealth tool among people with COPD.
This study was part of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial with in-depth interviews between the 3- and 12-month follow-ups. The methodology used was constructivist grounded theory. All sampling included participants from the randomized controlled trial intervention group, that is, participants who had access to the eHealth tool in question and agreed to be contacted for an in-depth interview. Inclusion of participants continued until data saturation was reached, resulting in an inclusion of 13 (n=7, 54% women) participants aged between 49 and 84 years and living in 8 municipalities in Middle and Northern Sweden. Two interviews were conducted face-to-face, and the remaining interviews were conducted via telephone. All interviews were recorded using a Dictaphone.
The analysis resulted in 3 main categories: welcoming or not welcoming action, having or lacking resources, and lowering the threshold. The first 2 categories contain barriers and facilitators, whereas the third category contains only facilitators. The categories lead to the more latent theme Perceiving enough control to enable action, meaning that it seems that perceiving the right amount of control is essential to maintain or increase the level of PA when using an eHealth tool among patients with COPD. However, the right amount of control seemed to depend on the individual (and context) in question.
The core category indicates that a need for a certain sense of control was interpreted as necessary for increasing the PA level as well as for using an eHealth tool to help increase the PA level. The eHealth tool seemed to strengthen or weaken the perception of control by either providing support or by being too demanding on the user. Perceptions varied depending on other environmental factors. The Fogg Behavior Model illustrated how motivational levels, ability levels, and functional triggers interact within our findings. Thus, this study provides further evidence for the importance of empowering the patients to boost their level of agency and their ability to improve PA levels.
RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030788.
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