The objective of this study was to verify the lipid-lowering effect of Juhe Fang extract (JHFE) and to determine its characteristic chemical profile in vitro and in vivo.
A hyperlipidemia model was ...established by feeding mice a high-fat diet (HFD). After treatment for 30 days, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer. The components from JHFE obtained from in vivo and in vitro experiments were investigated using an UPLC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap MS/MS.
The TC, TG, and LDL-C in the serum significantly decreased and the HDL-C significantly increased after JHFE treatment. A total of 95 compounds from JHEF including 15 phenolic acids (PA), 4 phenylethanoid glycosides (PG), 24 flavonoids (F), 14 triterpenoids (T), 10 diterpenoid glycosides (D), 18 alkaloids (A) and 10 others (O) were identified. Trigonelline was discovered for the first time in a herbal medicine of Juhe Fang. Furthermore, 68 compounds were identified in vivo including 28 prototype compounds and 40 metabolites. The metabolic characteristics of these components were revealed including identification of new metabolites of 4-hydroxyphenyl ethyl-8-O-α-L- arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (PEG) and lirinidine. A total of 43 components from JHFE were absorbed and/or metabolized. The contribution rate of each type of chemical component from JHFE to its lipid-lowering effect from high to low were A, F, PG, PA, D and T.
The results of this study showed that JHFE demonstrated a significant lipid-lowering effect in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model. Specific types of PA, PG, F, D, T and A formed the pharmaceutical architecture of the lipid-lowering effect of JHFE. This study should prove useful for clarifying the components responsible for the lipid-lowering effect of JHFE and provide a basis for precision quality control research.
Knowledge of hydrochemical processes in groundwater helps to identify the relationship between geochemical processes and groundwater quality as well as to understand the hydrochemical evaluation of ...groundwater, which is important for the sustainable management of groundwater resources. This study aims to identify the chemical characteristics of groundwater in the area of Tongchuan City, China. A total of 58 groundwater samples were collected. A hierarchical cluster analysis divided samples into three clusters and six sub-clusters (cluster 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) according to hydrochemical facies. Graphical plots of multiple ionic ratios, saturation indices, and ion exchange indices were employed to examine hydrochemical processes that result in different hydrochemical facies of each cluster. Results show the predominance of carbonate and silicate weathering in cluster 1, silicate weathering in cluster 2, and carbonate weathering in cluster 3. Ionic exchange is a ubiquitous process among all clusters. The distribution of clusters is related to the regional geology, which may result in different hydrochemical processes. Two stratigraphic sections identify the differences in hydrochemical processes resulting from complex stratum structures and varied aquifer media. Cluster 2a shows an interesting difference in water chemistry along the groundwater flow path. Further study by oxygen and hydrogen isotope indicated that mixing between Quaternary and the Permian aquifers resulting from faulting is the main reason for the distinctive characteristic of cluster 2a.
Stoji li tvrdnja da samo mali broj ljudi za života pribavi tu povlasticu da je dovoljno samo izreći njihovo ime, prezime ili nadimak pa da se pokrene prava bujica asocijacija u vezi s njima i da se ...oni uzdignu na razinu teško dosežnu za druge? Može li se tvrditi da upravo te osobe tijekom svoga života oplemenjuju, a nerijetko i kada fizički odu sa životne scene, nastave još dugo oplemenjivati i ohrabrivati svoje sljedbenike svojim životom i djelom? Ne odlikuje li najčešće upravo njih oblik ponašanja koji isključivo služi dobrobiti drugih, bez očekivanja izvanjskih nagrada? Nije li to altruizam po svojoj temeljnoj definiciji? I nisu li upravo tim osobama uvelike svojstvena i druga plemenita svojstva kao što su smjelost, originalnost, inovativnost, kreativnost, vizionarstvo, odgovornost, istraživački duh, skromnost, senzualnost, senzibilnost? I uz to, potpuna i bezrezervna ljubav prema čovjeku i ljudima uopće? Je li čovjek već bogat kada ima bar neko od tih obilježja i postoje li uopće osobe koje sjedinjuju sva navedena svojstva? Jesu li upravo te osobe istinski demiurzi koji »podižu ljestvicu« ljudskih vrijednosti na visine koje zavređuju divljenje i želju za sljedbom? Pretvaraju li se u takvih osoba život i djelo u misiju i nastavljaju li se njihov život i djelo u životima i djelima njihovih sljedbenika? Piše li cijeli život takvih osoba svojevrsni testament, u kojemu je u zalog ostavljena nepisana obveza da se njihovu djelu mora omogućiti nastavak postojanja?
Prelistavajući stranice života i djela prof. Zlate Bartl, nudi se pitanje gdje je ona u tom kontekstu? Koliko je u zbroju navedenih svojstava bilo zapravo potrebno da ih ona posjeduje pa da se u suradnji s njezinim timom iznjedri svjetski poznati proizvod Vegeta i juhe? I koliko se njezin život i djelo utjelovljuju u misiji koja u zalog ostaje Zakladi prof. Zlate Bartl? Je li to doista istinski rasadnik u kojemu će neka nova mladica dati novi život nekoj novoj Zlati?
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