Gender inequalities in the workplace persist, and scholars point to gender discrimination as a significant contributor. As organizations attempt to address this problem, we argue that theory can help ...shed light on potential solutions. This paper discusses how the lack of fit model can be used by organizations as a framework to understand the process that facilitates gender discrimination in employment decisions and to identify intervention strategies to combat it. We describe two sets of strategies. The first is aimed at reducing the perception that women are not suited for male-typed positions. The second is aimed at preventing the negative performance expectations that derive from this perception of unsuitability from influencing evaluative judgments. Also included is a discussion of several unintentional consequences that may follow from enacting these strategies. We conclude by arguing for the importance of the interplay between theory and practice in targeting gender discrimination in the workplace.
For many, anti-capitalism signifies too much and thus lacks the political conviction needed to inform left-wing strategy and tactics. What remains neglected, though, is how anti-capitalism can ...function as an organisational form, one that is constituted by the democratic requirements of struggle. At different moments and for different purposes, anti-capitalist organising may rely on vertical, horizontal, centralised, or decentralised formations. We cannot predetermine the organisational particularities of anti-capitalism because it is always a form of forms determined by the demands of struggle. However, we can explore the psycho-political valances of anti-capitalist organisation. The appeal of anti-capitalism, so conceived, lies in its ability to facilitate subjects’ enjoyment and political commitment through formal and psychic lack, rather than through neoliberal excess or ideological surety. Psychoanalytic theory is useful for considering how the anti-capitalist form’s significatory field can foster emancipatory knowledges, acts, and ways of being in politically fraught contexts of struggle.
In the present work a nickel-base superalloy Inconel 718 manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) was investigated with focus on microstructure, orientation-dependent mechanical property and ...fatigue performance. Comparative material testing and characterization of the SLM and the forged Inconel 718 revealed significant differences in both microstructures and mechanical properties. The columnar grain structure of SLM alloy leads to the orientation-dependent mechanical properties, which matches the Hall-Petch relation. The inhomogeneous microstructures and slit shaped lack-of-fusion (LoF) defects from the SLM process result in worse fatigue performance and deteriorate the fatigue crack growth behavior.
In this work, we consider the thermomechanical problem determined by a viscoelastic plate coupled with heat conduction of type II. This problem differs significantly from what can be found in the ...literature since we assume that the dissipation mechanism is mechanical while the heat conduction mechanism is conservative. We first prove the existence of a semigroup of contractions defining the solutions in a suitable Hilbert space. Exponential stability of the solutions is also proved by means of a known characterization of the exponentially stable semigroups. The lack of differentiability of the semigroup is also proved. Finally, we use energy arguments to show that the only solution that can be zero after a finite time is the null solution.
Objectives
Delirium may be divided into multiple subtypes with different pathological factors. This study aimed to focus on the delirium subtype in which delusions are conspicuous and explore its ...prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors.
Methods
The subjects were 601 delirium cases referred to the department of psychiatry over 5 years at a general hospital. The Delirium Rating Scale‐Revised‐98 was used to assess the delusions in patients with delirium, and the features of delusions (delusional form, object, and content) were examined. Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine whether individual factors were associated with the delusions.
Results
A total of 78 patients with delirium experienced delusions (13.0%). Most were classified as delusion of reference, such as persecution or poisoning, and 84.3% of patients believed that the persecutors were medical staff members. Older age (p < 0.001), female gender (p < 0.001), and living alone (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with delusions in patients with delirium.
Conclusions
The content of delusions was rooted in the distress caused by the patients' medical situation, and the features and risk factors of the delusions suggested a formal similarity with late paraphrenia and “lack‐of‐contact paranoia.” Psychological interventions that consider the isolation, anxiety, and fear behind delusions may be necessary in the care and treatment of these patients.
Key points
This study aimed to focus on the delirium subtype in which delusions are conspicuous and explore its prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors.
In this study of 601 delirium cases, the prevalence of delusions was 13.0%. Most were classified as delusion of reference. Older age, female sex, and living alone were significantly associated with delusions.
The features and risk factors of the delusions suggested a formal similarity with late paraphrenia and “lack‐of‐contact paranoia.” Psychological interventions that consider the isolation, anxiety, and fear behind delusions may be necessary.
It is inevitable for gear to become damaged, which has a profound effect on the performance of gear transmission systems. Solving the problem of gear fault detection using artificial intelligence ...models depends on sufficient fault samples, though they might not always exist. A new method using numerical simulation and a generative adversarial network (GAN) is proposed to enlarge fault samples for detecting faults in gears. First, to supplement the missing fault samples, numerical simulation is employed to obtain simulation fault samples. Then, simulation and measurement fault samples are input into the GAN to generate synthetic fault samples to enlarge the training samples. Finally, the simulation, measurement and related synthetic fault samples serve as typical classifiers, including convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network, and stacked autoencoder, while the test samples of unknown faults are finally detected. Three experimental groups are designed to classify gear faults. The average classification accuracy is 100, 98.83, and 97.64%, which confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the method for detecting gear faults using incomplete fault samples. The idea presented herein is expected to apply in any type of mechanical system that has the corresponding well-constructed numerical simulation model.
Surface passivation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using a low‐cost industrial organic pigment quinacridone (QA) is presented. The procedure involves solution processing a soluble derivative of QA, ...N,N‐bis(tert‐butyloxycarbonyl)‐quinacridone (TBOC‐QA), followed by thermal annealing to convert TBOC‐QA into insoluble QA. With halide perovskite thin films coated by QA, PSCs based on methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) showed significantly improved performance with remarkable stability. A PCE of 21.1 % was achieved, which is much higher than 18.9 % recorded for the unmodified devices. The QA coating with exceptional insolubility and hydrophobicity also led to greatly enhanced contact angle from 35.6° for the pristine MAPbI3 thin films to 77.2° for QA coated MAPbI3 thin films. The stability of QA passivated MAPbI3 perovskite thin films and PSCs were significantly enhanced, retaining about 90 % of the initial efficiencies after more than 1000 hours storage under ambient conditions.
A low‐cost industrial organic pigment, quinacridone (QA), was applied as surface passivation agent for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by solution processing of a soluble QA derivative followed by thermal annealing to convert it into insoluble QA. Passivation with strong interactions between QA molecules and metal halides, together with the hydrophobicity of QA coating, enabled highly efficient PSCs with remarkable stability.
The past decade has seen an alarming confluence of circumstances antithetical to development of new antibacterials, and most of the very few new drugs under development have problems with their ...microbiology, toxicity, or pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Most large pharmaceutical companies have divested themselves of their antibiotic portfolios, and the promise that start-up companies would fill the niche has not been fulfilled. What is left of the field is being stifled by bureaucratic regulations, problems with approval, lack of expertise and a general lack of understanding of how serious the situation is. In paediatrics, in particular, there is no sign of any new antibacterial in the foreseeable future. Waiting for initiatives and deliberations will probably take too long, and a vigorous and deliberate effort to educate the public-who in their turn can apply the needed pressure--seems to be the only way of achieving a rapid turnaround of this most dangerous situation.
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