The coordination of health service supply and regional economy is an integral path to promote China's prosperity.
Based on the coupling mechanism of health service supply and regional economy, we ...sampled the data from 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2021 in this study and constructed the evaluation index system. Additionally, we calculated the coupling coordination degree (HED) of the two through the coupling coordination degree model. We further used the kernel density estimation, Moran's I index, and spatial β convergence model to assess the dynamic evolution trends, spatial aggregation effect, and spatial convergence characteristics of coupling coordination.
(1) HED in China showed a rising trend during the study period but with large regional differences, forming a gradient distribution pattern of "high in the east and low in the west." (2) The results of Kernel density estimation show that HED has formed a gradient differentiation phenomenon within each region in China. (3) HED has modeled spatial clustering characteristics during the study period, with high-value clusters mainly appearing in the eastern region and low-value clusters appearing in the northwestern region. (4) There are absolute β-convergence and conditional β-convergence trends in HED in China and the three major regions during the study period, but there is an obvious regional heterogeneity in the control factors. The research provides a reference for accurately implementing policies according to different levels of health service supply and economic development, in addition to narrowing the regional differences of the coupling coordination between the regional economy and health service supply.
As an important measure of reform of the central environmental supervision, the National Specially Monitored Firms program has a significant impact on enterprise pollution control. However, there are ...few studies that have systematically studied the mechanism of this system on enterprise environmental performance. Based on the quasi natural experiment of the National Specially Monitored Firms program, this article uses the emission data of industrial enterprises from 2001 to 2009 to investigate the impact of the central environmental supervision on on corporate environmental performance by using the DID method. It is found that the National Specially Monitored Firms program has significantly improved the corporate environmental performance of the monitored enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis finds that when compared with enterprises with a higher degree of financing constraints, export enterprises, and enterprises with a lower level of economic development in the region, the implementation of the National Specially Monitored Firms program has a more significant effect on improving the environmental performance of enterprises with a lower degree of financing constraints, domestic enterprises, and enterprises with a higher level of economic development in the region. The mechanism test shows that improving the enterprise environmental protection equipment investment is not the only intermediary mechanism for the National Specially Monitored Firms program to improve corporate environmental performance. The conclusions of this article are not only conducive in optimizing the environmental governance methods but also inspirational for monitoring practices in other fields.
This article reexamines the healthy immigrant effect in mental health—as measured by psychological distress—by incorporating the modifying roles of the level of economic development of origin-country ...and life-stage at arrival among a sample of immigrants to Toronto, Canada—as compared to the native-born. The analytic sample included 2,157 adults, of which 31 percent were immigrants. Multivariate results point to a healthy immigrant effect in distress, but only among immigrants from less developed origin-countries who migrated to Canada in mid-adulthood (between 25 and 34 years of age). Further, this health advantage deteriorates with increase in length of residence only among this group of migrants, in large part because of an increase in chronic stressors. Immigrants from more developed origin-countries do not experience a healthy immigrant effect, as compared to the native-born, nor an increase in distress with tenure in Canada, irrespective of the life-stage at immigration.
This study examines (1) whether leisure tourism can contribute to economic growth and (2) if it does, whether its growth effects are constant across levels of economic development. Leisure tourism ...differs from business tourism in the causal relation with economic growth. In addition, the natural and heritage-related resources for leisure tourism are limited and not reproducible. This notion has a significant implication for the relationship between the growth effects of leisure tourism and the level of economic development. Thus, the current study focuses on leisure tourism and controls for the effects of business tourism. As an economy grows, the growth effects of leisure tourism are expected to diminish due to a lack of continued productivity improvement in the tourism industry. The empirical findings in this research reveal that leisure tourism contributes to economic growth at an early stage of economic development, but its contribution becomes weaker as the economy develops.
In the paper, the mutuality of the market production of beef, pigmeat, sheep meat and poultry meat and the achieved level of development of agriculture as per Serbia's districts in the period from ...2001 to 2016 are analyzed. The ranking of districts in Serbia is done by the I-distance method. Similarities are determined by cluster analysis method, while results are represented by a dendrogram. Belgrade District shows a deficit in the market production of all meats. In the three districts of Vojvodina Region, there is a deficit in sheep meat and in the two districts, there is a deficit in poultry meat. The three districts of Sumadija and Western Serbia Region, there is a deficit in the production of pigmeat and poultry meat. The Region of Southern and Eastern Serbia has a deficit in the production of poultry meat.
El objetivo general de este trabajo es el estudio del nivel de desarrollo socioeconómico de una economía como factor explicativo del gasto público sanitario. Para ello, se descompondrá este objetivo ...general en tres objetivos específicos: en primer lugar, se tratará de estudiar la posición española a nivel de gasto sanitario en el conjunto de los países de la Unión Económica Monetaria; en segundo lugar, se analizará la relación existente entre el gasto público sanitario per cápita y el PIB per cápita; y en tercer lugar, se estudiará el nivel de convergencia experimentado por el gasto público sanitario a nivel de comunidades autónomas en la economía española. Tras el análisis de la evolución del gasto público sanitario por habitante y su vinculación con el nivel de desarrollo socioeconómico de las regiones españolas, a partir de la aplicación de un modelo de regresión y algunas técnicas estadísticas como son la convergencia sigma, el índice de Theil y el índice de desigualdad, se comprueba que los niveles de gasto público sanitario per cápita y desarrollo socioeconómico están estrechamente relacionados en estas re- giones. En tal caso, se sugiere mantener el crecimiento económico que permita contraer las disparidades económicas de las regiones españolas, con la finalidad de reducir las diferencias actuales en el gasto público sanitario por habitantes.
Objectives
This study examined the effect of mode of migration—primary immigration (direct migration from origin country) and secondary immigration (migration from a country of residence other than ...the origin country)—by level of economic development of country of origin on psychological distress of immigrants to Canada. The study focused on the explanatory role of mastery in the relationship between mode of migration/level of economic development of origin country and distress. Mastery is the belief that one can and does master, control, and shape one’s own life.
Methods
Data from the Neighbourhood Effects on Health and Well-being study, which contains important measures such as the mode of migration, was used to assess the study objectives. The analytic sample included 1496 Canadian-born and 387 foreign-born (non-refugee) participants. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to address the study objectives.
Results
Results point to a “healthy immigrant effect”—lower distress among the foreign-born than the native-born—but only among
primary immigrants
from less-developed countries. Secondary immigrants from less-developed countries report
higher
distress than the native-born and their primary-immigrant counterparts. The higher distress among secondary immigrants was due in part to lower mastery among this group. Immigrants from developed origin countries did not report different levels of distress than the native-born, irrespective of mode of migration.
Conclusion
This study fills an important gap in the literature on immigration and mental health and reveals that the healthy immigrant effect is not generalizable to all immigrants; it is contingent on the mode of migration/level of economic development of the country of origin.
This article analyzes the impact of public and private R&D expenditures on the level of economic growth of the EU countries with different levels of innovation development, such as innovation leaders ...(Germany, Finland), innovation followers (France, Estonia) and moderate innovators (Spain, Portugal and Poland), which were determined according Innovation Union Scoreboard. A special attention is paid to the aspects of financial resources in the context of their different sources (private and public). The article offers a regression analysis to determine how the change of funding influences the level of economic development. The analysis has allowed to find the dependence of economic growth (GDP) from many factors which impact on this change and estimate their impact quantitatively.
The process of decentralization plays a vital role to enhance the welfare of society through the provision of public goods and services. This study investigates the impact of different dimensions of ...decentralization on rural–urban poverty and total poverty for Pakistan. For empirical analysis, this study uses time‐series data covering the period from 1980 to 2018. The auto‐regressive distributive lag model bounds testing cointegration method is used for long‐run estimation and error correction dynamic for short‐run movements of variables. The results show that fiscal and administrative decentralization are more beneficial for overall and rural–urban poverty reduction. The surprising results of political decentralization increases poverty overall in the case of Pakistan. For poverty reduction, the government should try to reduce the political concentration of elite groups in Pakistan. Moreover, to curtail poverty, government policy should be focused on effective strategies to address inflation and development of GDP per capita growth.
摘要:
权力下放过程通过提供公共物品和服务，在提高社会福利一事中发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究调查了权力下放的不同维度对巴基斯坦城乡贫困和总体贫困的影响。对于实证分析，本研究使用1980年至2018年间的时间序列数据。自回归分布滞后模型（ARDL）边界检验协整方法用于对变量的短期变化进行长期估计和误差校正动态。结果表明，财政分权和行政分权更有利于整体减贫和城乡减贫。出乎意料的是，政治分权从总体上增加了巴基斯坦的贫困情况。在减贫方面，政府应努力降低巴基斯坦精英群体的政治集中度。此外，为了减少贫困，政府政策应重点关注用于应对通货膨胀和人均GDP增长的有效战略。
Resumen
El proceso de descentralización juega un papel vital para mejorar el bienestar de la sociedad a través de la provisión de bienes y servicios públicos. Este estudio investiga el impacto de diferentes dimensiones de la descentralización en la pobreza rural‐urbana y la pobreza total en Pakistán. Para el análisis empírico, este estudio utiliza datos de series de tiempo que cubren el período de 1980 a 2018. El método de cointegración de prueba de límites del modelo de rezago distributivo autorregresivo (ARDL) se usa para la estimación a largo plazo y la dinámica de corrección de errores para el corto plazo. movimientos de variables. Los resultados muestran que la descentralización fiscal y administrativa son más beneficiosas para la reducción de la pobreza general y rural‐urbana. Los sorprendentes resultados de la descentralización política aumentan la pobreza en general en el caso de Pakistán. Para la reducción de la pobreza, el gobierno debería tratar de reducir la concentración política de grupos de élite en Pakistán. Además, para reducir la pobreza, la política del gobierno debe centrarse en estrategias efectivas para abordar la inflación y el desarrollo del crecimiento del PIB per cápita.
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