Microstructures of high-strength bainitic steels were quantitatively analyzed using EBSD analysis based on transformation behavior and morphological characteristics. According to multiple linear ...regression analysis, reliable empirical equations to predict yield ratio and uniform elongation were proposed. From the results, the fraction of the granular bainite and polygonal ferrite microstructure were estimated to be the most influential factors on the yield ratio and uniform elongation of high-strength bainitic steels, respectively.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of work experience and communication on the performance of secretaries at Bali's Five-Star Hotels. This study was quantitative in nature. In this ...study, the population consisted of 98 secretaries from 50 five-star hotels in Bali that had been registered since 2021. This study's sample consisted of 98 Executive Secretaries and Departmental Secretaries selected using the side saturation or “Sampling Jenuh” technique. The data used were primary data derived from respondents' responses, which were then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The strategy for collecting data consisted of a Google Form questionnaire. In this study, it was found that 1) work experience has a positive and substantial influence on secretary performance, 2) communication has a positive and significant influence on secretary performance, and 3) both work experience and communication have a positive and significant influence on secretary performance. As for the guidance that may be given to Five Star Hotels in Bali, particularly the secretarial division, it is suggested that the secretary's excellent performance must be supported by a high level of commitment to performing responsibilities in line with the job description.
Hidden blood loss (HBL) plays an important role in perioperative rehabilitation of patients underwent posterior lumbar fusion surgery. This study was to calculate the volume of HBL and evaluate the ...risk factors among patients after posterior lumbar fusion surgery.A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 143 patients underwent posterior lumbar fusion surgery from March 2017 to December 2017. Recording preoperative and postoperative hematocrit to calculate HBL according to Gross formula and analyzing its related factors including age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), surgery levels, surgical time, surgery types, duration of symptoms, disorder type, specific gravity of urine (SGU), plasma albumin (ALB), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), glucose (GLU), drainage volume, hypertension. Risk factors were further analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis and t test.Eighty-six males and 57 females, mean age 52.7 ± 11.4 years, mean height 162 ± 7.0, mean weight 61.5 ± 9.4, were included in this study. The HBL was 449 ± 191 mL, with a percentage of 44.2% ± 16.6% in the total perioperative blood loss. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that patients with higher BMI (P = .026), PLIF procedures (P = .040), and more surgical time (P = .018) had a greater amount of HBL. Whereas age (P = 0.713), sex (P = .276), surgery levels (P = .921), duration of symptoms (P = .801), disorder type (P = .511), SGU (P = .183), ALB (P = .478), GFR (P = .139), GLU (P = .423), hypertension (P = .337) were not statistically significant differences with HBL.HBL is a large proportion of total blood loss in patients after posterior lumbar fusion surgery. BMI >24 kg/m, PLIF procedures, and more surgical time are risk factors of HBL. Whereas age, sex, surgery levels, duration of symptoms, disorder type, SGU, ALB, GFR, GLU, hypertension were not associated with HBL.
•Pesticide mixture effects on 32 relevant liver protein markers were investigated.•Induction & repression effects were observed for single proteins.•Cytochrome P450 enzymes were the most sensitive ...markers.•Multiple linear regression, a novel method for detecting combinatorial effects.•Observation of 1323/1427 additive effects and 104 effects deviating from additivity.
Toxicological effects of chemicals are mostly tested individually. However, consumers encounter exposure to complex mixtures, for example multiple pesticide residues, by consuming food such as crops, fruits or vegetables. Currently, more than 450 active substances are approved in the European Union, and there is little data on effects after combined exposure to several pesticides. Toxicological animal studies would increase enormously, if pesticide combinations had to be analyzed in vivo. Therefore, in vitro methods addressing this issue are needed. We have developed 32 immunoaffinity-based mass spectrometry assays to investigate the impact of hepatotoxic active substances on liver proteins in human HepaRG cells. Five compounds were selected based on their (dis)similar capability to modulate protein levels, and on their combined use in commercially available formulations. Four binary mixtures were prepared from these five substances and tested in different concentrations over three time points. We applied a novel statistical method to describe deviations from additivity and to detect antagonistic and synergistic effects. The results regarding the abundance of hepatotoxicity-related proteins showed additive behavior for 1323 out of 1427 endpoints tested, while 104 combinatorial effects deviating from additivity, such as antagonism or synergism were observed.
The present paper addresses the solidification cracking during laser cladding of Inconel 718 powder on A-286 iron based superalloy which is known as hot crack susceptible alloy. Linear regression ...analysis was performed to propose empirical-statistical correlations between the key processing parameters and the geometrical attributes of single laser clad tracks. These correlations were used in the development of a processing map to study the effects of geometrical characteristics on the solidification cracking and the required conditions to obtain crack-free clads. The solidification cracking of the single clad tracks was inspected by macrostructural examinations using scanning electron microscopy in backscattered electron mode. The processing map revealed that the dilution ratio is the governing macrostructural attribute to avoid solidification cracking. The role of this macrostructural feature in reducing the susceptibility of fusion zone to solidification cracking is discussed.
Information processing under stressful circumstances depends on many experimental conditions, like the information valence or the point in time at which brain function is probed. This also holds true ...for memorizing contextual details (or ‘memory contextualization’). Moreover, large interindividual differences appear to exist in (context‐dependent) memory formation after stress, but it is mostly unknown which individual characteristics are essential. Various characteristics were explored from a theory‐driven and data‐driven perspective, in 120 healthy men. In the theory‐driven model, we postulated that life adversity and trait anxiety shape the stress response, which impacts memory contextualization following acute stress. This was indeed largely supported by linear regression analyses, showing significant interactions depending on valence and time point after stress. Thus, during the acute phase of the stress response, reduced neutral memory contextualization was related to salivary cortisol level; moreover, certain individual characteristics correlated with memory contextualization of negatively valenced material: (a) life adversity, (b) α‐amylase reactivity in those with low life adversity and (c) cortisol reactivity in those with low trait anxiety. Better neutral memory contextualization during the recovery phase of the stress response was associated with (a) cortisol in individuals with low life adversity and (b) α‐amylase in individuals with high life adversity. The data‐driven Random Forest‐based variable selection also pointed to (early) life adversity—during the acute phase—and (moderate) α‐amylase reactivity—during the recovery phase—as individual characteristics related to better memory contextualization. Newly identified characteristics sparked novel hypotheses about non‐anxious personality traits, age, mood and states during retrieval of context‐related information.
Theory‐ and data‐driven perspectives were used to explore individual characteristics that contribute to memory contextualization of different valenced information during the acute and recovery phase of the stress response. Life adversity and trait anxiety modulate the stress‐response, thereby impacting memory contextualization following acute stress. Other findings sparked new hypothesis about non‐anxious personality traits, age, mood and states during retrieval.
Selective laser melting (SLM), which is a powder bed fusion additive manufacturing method, is advantageous for fabricating of near-net-shape metal products. The microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V alloy ...fabricated by SLM and followed by post heat treatment intricately contributes to the mechanical properties. In this study, the microstructural features were quantitatively extracted from the scanning electron microscopy images by applying machine learning with a random forest algorithm and various image analysis techniques. These microstructural features together with defect-characterizing ones from X-ray computed tomography were used to develop a prediction model by multiple linear regression analysis for the tensile properties of heat-treated SLMed Ti-6Al-4V alloys. The analysis revealed that both yield strength (σYS) and ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) have a linear correlation with the reciprocal square root of the α grain size, and they were also attributed to other microstructural features depending on solution treatment parameters. The multiple linear regression models showed an error of less than 2.0% for σYS and σUTS prediction accuracies. On the other hand, the prediction of the fracture elongation and elasticity had significant scatter, implying that there are features, such as dislocation characteristics, that are missing for proper prediction.
•Heat exchange performance optimization study of the coaxial deep borehole heat exchanger.•Optimal insulation backfill depth for deeply buried pipes.•Multi-factor orthogonal simulation ...experiment.•Multiple linear regression analysis for optimal insulation backfill depth.
Coaxial deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) coupled with ground source heat pump (GSHP) system has been widely applied in building heating. Insulation backfill is essential for the heat transfer performance of DBHE in colder regions. However, few studies focus on the combined influence of multi-factors on the optimal insulation backfill depth. In this paper, an orthogonal experiment was designed to explore the influence of multi-factors on the optimal insulation backfill depth of DBHE by using a numerical heat transfer model. Sensitivity analysis concluded that heat transfer factors such as inlet flow rate (A), inner pipe thermal conductivity (B), inlet temperature (C), geothermal gradient (D), and pipe depth (E) all affected insulation backfill depth of DBHE, and the comparison order of significance are C > D > B > A > E. An optimal insulation backfill depth exists for different DBHE heat transfer conditions. Compared with no insulation backfill, the average heat extraction of buried pipe under optimal insulation backfill conditions increased by 6.09 kW, with an average growth rate of 8.78 %. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between affecting factors and the optimal insulation backfill depth, based on the findings of orthogonal tests. The outcomes revealed that inlet temperature, inner pipe thermal conductivity, and pipe depth were positively correlated, with the highest standardized positive correlation value of 0.755 for inlet temperature. In contrast, inlet flow and geothermal gradient were negatively correlated, with the highest standardized negative correlation coefficient of −0.420 for the geothermal gradient. The linear regression equation could predict the magnitude of optimal insulation backfill depth with diverse input parameters. The relative error between the predicted and simulated values of the equation was less than 5 %. The findings of this research can guide the popularization and application of the GSHP coupled with the DBHE system in colder regions.
Donor-π-acceptor-π-auxiliary acceptor type compounds have been designed and synthesized to study their rigidity and structural effects on optical properties. Structural variation is achieved by ...changing the central π-conjugated core with naphthalene, acenaphthene and phenanthrene based donor-π-acceptor compounds containing N, N-diethyl aniline or morpholine as donor and pyrazine ring fused with phenanthroline as acceptor. A detailed study of positive and negative acidochromism is performed. Intramolecular charge transfer, solvatochromism and highly polar excited state of these compounds are elucidated by Lippert-Mataga, Mac-Rae and Reichardt correlations. Multilinear regression analysis using Kamlet-Taft and Catalan parameters is also performed to support the observed solvatochromism in absorption and emission spectra from non-polar to polar solvents. All the spectroscopic results were correlated theoretically by Density Functional Theory (DFT) computations.
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•Structure property relationship study of Pyrazino-phenanthroline rigid compounds.•Positive and negative acidochromism is observed after the addition of TFA.•Solvatochromism is explained using Kamlet-Taft and Catalan multilinear analysis.•Calculation of difference in dipole moment and optical band gap.•Theoretical study using TD-DFT computation is performed.
This study explored the influence of underground noise on coal miners' physiological indexes and behavior ability. A system was constructed to measure a miner's physiological indicators and ...behavioral capacity. This measurement system mainly involved the behavioral and physiological indicators tester, the response tester, and the noise source. A total of 30 subjects were selected for this experimental research, and the ambient noise of 45, 65, 85, and 95 dB (decibels) was considered. The main data sources were three physiological indicators: the subjects' respiratory rate, heart rate, and galvanic skin response. In addition, data from the three behavioral indicators were gleaned, including the response time measured by sound, the response time measured by light, and a few operating errors. The correlation analysis of experimental data was carried out to analyze the correlation between physiological and behavioral indicators. In addition, variance analysis was performed, as ANOVA was used to analyze the experimental data to examine the variability of the physiological and behavioral measures of the subjects under univariate and multivariate interactions. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the single-factor and multiple-factor interchanges between subjects, considering their physiological and behavioral differences as obtained from the indicators. Based on the coupling effect of the noise level, the different education and age levels and the mathematical relationship with the tested physiological indicators and behavioral ability were established. Predictions can be made regarding the behavioral capability of miners through their age, education levels, and the noise decibel level in the working environment. This may provide a theoretical basis for both the reduction in the unsafe behavior of miners and the improvement in coal mine safety.
•To explore the influence of underground noise on physiological indexes and behavioral ability of coal miners.•The measurement system was composed of a behavioral physiological index tester, reaction tester, and noise source.•Respiratory rate, heart rate, and skin electrical response given by subjects, are the main sources of data.•ANOVA was used to study the variability of physiological and behavioral measurements of subjects under different variables interactions.
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