Plato's Cratylus is a brilliant but enigmatic dialogue. It bears on a topic, the relation of language to knowledge, which has never ceased to be of central philosophical importance, but tackles it in ...ways which at times look alien to us. In this reappraisal of the dialogue, Professor Sedley argues that the etymologies which take up well over half of it are not an embarrassing lapse or semi-private joke on Plato's part. On the contrary, if taken seriously as they should be, they are the key to understanding both the dialogue itself and Plato's linguistic philosophy more broadly. The book's main argument is so formulated as to be intelligible to readers with no knowledge of Greek, and will have a significant impact both on the study of Plato and on the history of linguistic thought.
With the application of corpus analysis, this paper describes the current tendencies in the usage of four concrete phenomena (in orthography and semantics), which appear in contemporary discourse ...rather inconsistently. Specifically, the research focuses on differences in the usage of: p/Protektorát Protectorate, spáchat/provést atentát to assassinate, Sudety/pohraničí Sudetenland and Benešovy dekrety / dekrety prezidenta republiky presidential decrees.
The article is devoted to applications of the InterCorp parallel corpus in Czech-Polish translation lexicography. Selected phrasemes exemplify possibilities of using a parallel corpus to identify ...translation counterparts. The examples provided in the article indicate various kinds of limitations which might cause problems in establishing reciprocal equivalence of Polish and Czech phrasemes. The article also describes some advantages and disadvantages of using subtitles, which are well represented in InterCorp, in the process of establishing equivalence. The author used selected phrasemes from Wielki czesko-polski słownik frazeologiczny (Great CzechPolish Phraseological Dictionary), compiled by traditional means without reference to a corpus, as a starting point for the analysis, which demonstrated the value of corpus-based material and tools for creating dictionary entries. The article is a contribution to theoretical research into contemporary directions in the development of translation lexicography
The first aim of the article is to address major problems of current historical corpus linguistics such as representativeness in genre, place and time, transcription of historical texts, etc. The ...second goal is to introduce the reader to traditional and innovative historical corpora of Spanish, focusing on their characteristics, advantages and limitations.
Straipsnis skirtas vokiečių kilmės amerikiečių etnografo, antropologo, lingvisto F. Boaso gyvenimui ir kūrybai aptarti. Aprašoma jo mokslinė veikla, priklausymas įvairioms mokslinėms organizacijoms, ...jų steigimas, vadovavimas joms. Antropologija F. Boasui yra bendras mokslas apie žmogų, apimąs etnografiją, fizinę antropologiją ir lingvistiką. Visose antropologijos šakose jis paliko reikšmingų tyrinėjimų. F. Boasas parengė nemažai eskimų ir indėnų legendų bei mitų rinkinių ir juos išvertė. Šis antropologas yra vienas iš aprašomosios, arba deskriptyvinės, lingvistikos pradininkų, JAV kultūrinės antropologijos istorinės mokyklos įkūrėjas ir ilgametis jos vadovas. Jis teigė, kad tiriant ikiklasinių visuomenių kultūrą, reikia remtis dviem principais: visų rasių ir kultūrų žmonėms būdingu pagrindinių psichologinių procesų panašumu; į bet kokią kultūrą turi būti žiūrima kaip į istorinį kitimo rezultatą. F. Boasas vietoj lyginamojo metodo pasiūlė savo istorinio tyrimo metodą, kuriuo nustatomos kultūros reiškinių atsiradimo konkrečios sąlygos ir naudojamas kontroliuojamasis palyginimas.
Publikuojamas amerikiečių etnografo, antropologo ir lingvisto F. Boaso straipsnio „Kai kurios visuomenės mokslų metodologijos problemos“ vertimas. Autorius aptaria visuomenės mokslų metodologijos ...problemas, su kuriomis jis susiduria kaip antropologas. Teigiama, kad individą galima suprasti tik kaip dalį visuomenės, kuriai jis priklauso, ir kad visuomenę galima suprasti tik ją sudarančių individų tarpusavio santykių pagrindu. Visuomenės mokslų problemos susijusios su pavienių individų ir jų grupių reakcijų į išorinius stimulus formomis, su jų tarpusavio sąveikomis ir su šių procesų sukurtomis socialinėmis formomis. Nagrinėjami gyvulio ir žmogaus socialinio elgesio skirtumai, primityvios kultūros sričių sąveika, kultūros santykis su geografinėmis sąlygomis. Autorius kritikuoja bandymus susieti socialinę organizaciją ir ekonomines sąlygas bei aiškinimą, kad kultūros formos priklauso vien nuo ekonominių sąlygų. Mėginimai suformuluoti bendruosius kultūros integracijos dėsnius neduoda reikšmingų rezultatų. Bandymai nustatyti įvairių kultūros pusių santykius reiškia, kad būtinai reikia tirti jų ryšių dinamiką.
Multilingual Speech Processing Tanja Schultz, Katrin Kirchhoff / Tanja Schultz, Katrin Kirchhoff
2006, 2006-04-21T00:00:00, 2006-12-31
eBook
Tanja Schultz and Katrin Kirchhoff have compiled a comprehensive overview of speech processing from a multilingual perspective. By taking this all- inclusive approach to speech processing, the ...editors have included theories, algorithms, and techniques that are required to support spoken input and output in a large variety of languages. Multilingual Speech Processing presents a comprehensive introduction to research problems and solutions, both from a theoretical as well as a practical perspective, and highlights technology that incorporates the increasing necessity for multilingual applications in our global community. Current challenges of speech processing and the feasibility of sharing data and system components across different languages guide contributors in their discussions of trends, prognoses and open research issues. This includes automatic speech recognition and speech synthesis, but also speech-to-speech translation, dialog systems, automatic language identification, and handling non-native speech. The book is complemented by an overview of multilingual resources, important research trends, and actual speech processing systems that are being deployed in multilingual human-human and human-machine interfaces. Researchers and developers in industry and academia with different backgrounds but a common interest in multilingual speech processing will find an excellent overview of research problems and solutions detailed from theoretical and practical perspectives. * State-of-the-art research with a global perspective by authors from the USA, Asia, Europe, and South Africa * The only comprehensive introduction to multilingual speech processing currently available * Detailed presentation of technological advances integral to security, financial, cellular and commercial applications
hate speech research; discourse analysis of social media; corpus linguistics methods; C.O.N.T.A.C.T. project European Union; hate speech in reaction to news; racism in online comments forum; ...discourse analytic research
Formal Grammar de Groote, Philippe; Nederhof, Mark-Jan
2012, Letnik:
7395
Conference Proceeding, Book
Recenzirano
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th and 16th International Conference on Formal Grammar 2010 and 2011,collocated with the European Summer School in Logic, Language and ...Informationin July 2010/2011. The 19 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 50 submissions. The papers papers deal with the following topics: formal and computational phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics; model-theoretic and proof-theoretic methods in linguistics; logical aspects of linguistic structure; constraint-based and resource-sensitive approaches to grammar; learnability of formal grammar; integration of stochastic and symbolic models of grammar; foundational, methodological and architectural issues in grammar; mathematical foundations of statistical approaches to linguistic analysis.
PDF
