This article presents, firstly, all the gender mainstreaming and subject-specific obligations that the Catalan Equality Act (Law 17/2015) establishes for the municipal sphere. Secondly, it goes on to ...explain what the city councils are actually implementing and what they are not. Thirdly, the causes of compliance and non-compliance are analysed. Finally, the paper proposes strategies for the implementation of gender policies at the municipal level. This article considers that the approval of the Catalan Equality Act has had a positive impact on the implementation of local gender policies, although there are aspects that still need to be worked on to make it easier for councils to truly comply with the provisions of the law.
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•Incentive initiatives on energy-efficient renovation of existing buildings in China were analyzed.•The dynamic evolution of incentive initiatives was analyzed from different ...perspectives.•A critical analysis of representative initiatives in two batches of pilot cities was conducted.•Implementation barriers and limitations on energy-efficient renovation of existing buildings were summarized.•Recommendations and pathways of promoting related incentive initiatives were proposed.
Under China's national strategy of carbon neutrality by 2060, it is urgently necessary and challenging for the governments to proactively explore policy tools to facilitate energy-efficient renovation of existing buildings. Currently, a considerable number of studies have been conducted on building energy-efficient renovation and its derivative topics, however, a comprehensive overview on incentive initiatives related to existing renovation practices in China is still scarce, such as a lack of critical correlation analysis between national and local initiatives, a lack of the synthesis and critique towards the latest policies and related achievements, and inadequate generalization of the diverse and multi-layered barriers and challenges in building energy-efficient renovation practices. To address these issues, this paper adopts a diversified policy segmentation approach to deeply analyze the dynamic evolution of the incentive initiatives from both national and local level perspectives, as well as to establish the related network of policy linkages between national to local, and between different localities. In addition, this paper presents a critical analysis on representative initiatives in two batches of pilot cities, and proposes good practices and valuable experiences for building energy-efficient renovation. Finally, this paper further summarizes and discusses the barriers to building energy-efficient renovation from four perspectives: governments, householders, enterprises and research institutions, and proposes a series of targeted and feasible pathways and strategies. This study can provide theoretical guidance and targeted recommendations for the formulation of policies, standards and regulations for building energy-efficient renovation in China.
ince 2010, the European Commission, through the Communication “Europe, No1 World Tourism Destination – A New Political Framework for Tourism in Europe”, has drawn the attention to the fact that local .../ urban tourism strategies should be essential to the way in which cities promote or limit the extension of tourism services; thus, the increase in the number of tourists in cities and the lack of local tourism policies can lead to negative pressures on the local (environmental, cultural and social) environment. In the research, we will analyze how the explosive economic growth trend of the analyzed region (in our case due to the massive absorption of European funds for urban infrastructure and for industrial development) has positively or negatively affected the tourism sector of the area. The objective of the research will be: identification of local officials with the elaboration and implementation of sustainable tourism policies related to sustainability and identification of specific factors of influence – local vision on sustainability, local action instruments and, implicitly, the tourist flow generated compared to the economic growth level of the region. From a methodological point of view, the research combines two levels of analysis: the comparative analysis of local economic development plans and strategies with local tourism policies as well as the comparative analysis of economic growth indicators of the region with the tourism indicators for the chosen period. A comparison between local development strategies and local tourism policies allows us to identify whether the growth of the tourist phenomenon in the region is a mere consequence of the development of the region or it is based on a strategic thinking of tourism development. The idea behind this research is based on the fact that other studies have demonstrated that the notion of sustainable tourism in major European cities remains out of the local political agenda, without discussing possible conflicts between urban tourism and negative externalities.
Little is known about how the tools and guidelines, which are central to current social work practice, are designed. The purpose of this article is to improve understanding of the conditions for ...social workers' discretion by analysing how the municipal responsibility to meet individual needs is circumscribed in local guidelines for needs assessment in Swedish elder care. The paper applies framing theory to the analysis of guidelines in 51 municipalities and maps the prevalence of guidelines. Framing theory highlights how different designs of local guidelines can create varying premises for the discretion of social workers. By illustrating how the guidelines provide social workers with the necessary guidance on how to interpret the law by circumscribing their discretion in standardised, and varying, ways, the findings point to the importance of further research on how the quest for standardisation in adult social work through local guidelines influences social workers' assessments in practice.
Research on social work’s relation to local political decisions and the design of political policy documents is scarce. This paper analyses the design of local political policies for elder care in ...Sweden’s 290 municipalities. The policies determine delegation, i.e. care managers’ legal right to make decisions about the welfare services given to older people. By mapping documents for delegation, the results show that care managers’ delegation varies considerably between municipalities, e.g. by the decision-making being conditioned to local political guidelines, or by consultation with a manager. The Principal Agent theory (PAT) is used to discuss the findings. Analysed through the PAT, care managers can be understood as agents set to perform tasks on behalf of the politicians. Local policies can be viewed as a tool for political control by minimising risks of unpredictability and arbitrariness in decision-making. This raises questions about the role of care managers and the extent of their professional freedom while assessing needs to ensure older people a reasonable standard of living. The results highlight the importance of accounting for the structural political context and its consequences for frontline bureaucrats.
Forskning om det sociala arbetets relation till lokalpolitiska beslut och utformningen av politiska policydokument är bristfällig. I denna artikel analyseras utformningen av lokalpolitiska policys för äldreomsorg i Sveriges 290 kommuner. Policydokumenten fastställer biståndshandläggares delegation – deras legala beslutsfattande om bistånd till äldre. Kartläggningen och kodningen av delegationsordningarna visar att biståndshandläggares delegation varierar avsevärt mellan Sveriges kommuner, exempelvis genom att villkora att beslutsfattandet ska följa lokala riktlinjer eller föregås av samråd med en chef. Resultatet diskuteras utifrån principal–agent teorin. Sett i ljuset av principal–agent teorin så kan biståndshandläggare betraktas som agenter – satta att utföra uppgifter på uppdrag av lokalpolitiker. Lokala policys kan ses som ett verktyg för att möjligliggöra politisk kontroll genom att minska risken för oförutsägbarhet och godtycklighet i beslutsfattandet. Detta väcker frågor om biståndshandläggares roll och omfattningen av deras professionella frihet i att bedöma behov för att tillgodose äldre en skälig levnadsnivå. Resultatet lyfter fram vikten av att synliggöra den strukturella politiska kontexten och dess konsekvenser för frontlinjebyråkrater.
This introduction discusses responses to ethno-racial discrimination in a hostile political environment, colour-blind France. The article presents the current characteristics of the French case, ...including data measuring ethnoracial discrimination. We outline the on-going role of state institutions and their agents in disqualifying minority claims, but also the recent turn against Islam and the hostility towards new movements against structural racism. We discuss how colour-blindness constrains both local policies and movements. We examine the consequences for individuals that experience discrimination and the collectives that fight against it. We highlight the various strategies that they adopt such as discretion, infrapolitical mobilization as well as tactical re-framing.
El presente trabajo es un análisis y reflexión de los resultados del proyecto “Capacidades estatales para una Agenda Municipal Post Pandemia”, de la convocatoria Pisac Covid 19. La sociedad ...argentina en la post pandemia; impulsado por la Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación (Agencia I+D+i) de la República Argentina. El artículo se nutre de los avances y desarrollos efectuados por los equipos de investigación del Proyecto y avanza en algunas líneas de trabajo para el diseño de políticas públicas nacionales para los GL. Este escrito expone, en primer lugar, las hipótesis y metodología del proyecto de investigación. Luego delinea las características de la situación actual de las ciudades, sus desafíos y capacidades en un contexto global de transformaciones aceleradas y profundizadas por la pandemia y en el apartado posterior se señalan las características principales de los gobiernos locales argentina. Posteriormente se presentan los resultados del estudio en relación con las diversas dimensiones de los gobiernos locales en estudio y los perfiles que se identifican. Finalmente se proponen modelos de gobiernos locales, resultantes del análisis y combinación de los perfiles identificados previamente para el diseño de estrategias de fortalecimiento de estas capacidades en el presente contexto.
The article argues that the governance of immigration, especially at local level, can be considered a "battleground" involving diverse actors. Beyond the idea of a "negotiated order" as the result of ...the interaction among actors (mainly institutional) in the multilevel governance framework, the management of asylum at a local level is the outcome of conflict and cooperation, of alternative views and political actions, of official policies and practical help, of formal statements and informal practices. The practical governance of immigration and asylum is not only determined at an institutional level; it is also influenced by this mobilization on the part of civil society.
In order to reconstruct the dynamics of this "battleground", the article first analyses the different attitudes of Italian municipalities to asylum seekers, and in particular the mobilization of local governments against refugees' reception. It then shows by contrast how civil society actors mobilize either in favour of the reception of refugees and immigrants with dubious legal status or against them. Thereafter, among civil society actors, it focuses in particular on "supporters" acting on behalf of asylum seekers in various ways, for moral, political or religious reasons, and on the issue of their political engagement.
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Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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