Bringing together cutting-edge research from psychology and neuroscience, Kathleen Taylor puts the brain back into brainwashing and shows why understanding this mysterious phenomenon is vitally ...relevant in the twenty-first century.
The number of connected mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT) is growing around us, rapidly. Since most of people's daily activities are relying on these connected things or devices. ...Specifically, this past year (with COVID-19) changed daily life in abroad and this is increased the use of IoT-enabled technologies in the health sector, work, and play. Further, the most common service via using these technologies is the localization/positioning service for different applications including: geo-tagging, billing, contact tracing, health-care system, point-of-interest recommendations, social networking, security, and more. Despite the availability of a large number of localization solutions in the literature, the precision of localization cannot meet the needs of consumers. For that reason, this paper provides an in-depth investigation of the existing technologies and techniques in the localization field, within the IoT era. Furthermore, the benefits and drawbacks of each technique with enabled technologies are illustrated and a comparison between the utilized technologies in the localization is made. The paper as a guideline is also going through all of the metrics that may be used to assess the localization solutions. Finally, the state-of-the-art solutions are examined, with challenges and perspectives regarding indoors/outdoors environments are demonstrated.
Mot des rédacteurs invités Cheriet, Foued; Beddi, Hanane; Ado, Abdoulkadre ...
Management international (Montréal),
2020, 2020-00-00, 20200101, Letnik:
24, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Un processus de sélection interne et externe (en double aveugle) nous a conduit à ne garder dans le processus d’évaluation qu’une douzaine d’articles sur différentes thématiques (performance de ...l’export, entrepreneuriat international, diaspora africaine, implantation des firmes, etc.) et des terrains africains variés (Afrique subsaharienne, Afrique de l’Ouest, pays du Maghreb, etc.). En effet, dans leur article « Barrières exogènes et difficultés à l’exportation de PME malgaches : l’influence du pays d’origine », St-Pierre, Boutary, Razafindrazaka et Monnoyer (2020) cherchent, d’une part, à identifier les barrières rencontrées dans le contexte malgache par les entreprises dans le cadre de leurs activités internationales, et, d’autre part, à comprendre en quoi spécifiquement les barrières exogènes propres au territoire impactent ces activités. Cette problématique est alors déclinée en trois sous-questions : 1) Quels sont les profils comportementaux et managériaux que les PME intégrées dans ce type de groupement peuvent adopter ?; 2) Quels rôles peuvent jouer ces profils comportementaux et managériaux dans le processus de coévolution des acteurs directs locaux ?; 3) Comment s’articulent ces profils comportementaux et managériaux dans le temps ? Les résultats permettent l’identification de deux profils séquentiels d’acteurs : les profils comportementaux (ayant des capacités réactives permettant de faire face aux conditions de l’environnement externe) et les profils managériaux (ayant des attitudes proactives contribuant à impacter l’environnement externe).
Precisely estimating a robot’s pose in a prior, global map is a fundamental capability for mobile robotics, e.g., autonomous driving or exploration in disaster zones. This task, however, remains ...challenging in unstructured, dynamic environments, where local features are not discriminative enough and global scene descriptors only provide coarse information. We therefore present SegMap: a map representation solution for localization and mapping based on the extraction of segments in 3D point clouds. Working at the level of segments offers increased invariance to view-point and local structural changes, and facilitates real-time processing of large-scale 3D data. SegMap exploits a single compact data-driven descriptor for performing multiple tasks: global localization, 3D dense map reconstruction, and semantic information extraction. The performance of SegMap is evaluated in multiple urban driving and search and rescue experiments. We show that the learned SegMap descriptor has superior segment retrieval capabilities, compared with state-of-the-art handcrafted descriptors. As a consequence, we achieve a higher localization accuracy and a 6% increase in recall over state-of-the-art handcrafted descriptors. These segment-based localizations allow us to reduce the open-loop odometry drift by up to 50%. SegMap is open-source available along with easy to run demonstrations.
En géographie économique, les déterminants du développement économique favorisent souvent les grandes villes et agglomérations. Pour les plus petites villes, plusieurs études ont souligné ...l’importance des facteurs endogènes dans le développement et, par extension, le rôle de la territorialité. À ce jour, peu d’études statistiques ont formellement démontré, du moins à grande échelle, le lien qui peut exister entre les facteurs classiques de localisation, le profil démographique et le portrait socio-économique sur la présence et l’émergence d’initiatives locales de développement. Cette étude propose donc de contribuer à réduire cet écart. À partir de données autodéclarées sur la localisation d’initiatives locales au Québec, deux modèles statistiques sont estimés : i) un premier axé sur la présence/absence d’initiatives (régression logistique); et ii) un second basé sur le nombre d’initiatives (régression binomiale négative). Dans les deux cas, les résultats suggèrent qu’il existe une relation positive et significative avec le niveau d’éducation, la structure démographique et la distance à la métropole sur la présence et le nombre d’initiatives locales, alors que l’analyse révèle une relation négative et significative avec le revenu. Les résultats suggèrent que les facteurs locaux influencent l’émergence d’initiatives, tout en soulignant une certaine complémentarité aux logiques des théories classiques de localisation.
Abstract Information about the use of stone tools in the past is encoded in the wear patterns left on their surface; however, post-depositional processes can modify and obstruct these traces. One aim ...in the field of lithic functional analysis is to develop methods to detect and quantify these traces on stone tools. The occlusal fingerprint analysis (OFA) is a well-established method in dental wear studies to virtually simulate dental occlusal (contact between teeth) stroke movements and thus locate and quantify the sequential contact between opposing tooth crowns. Reaching across disciplines, we conducted controlled experiments to test the applicability of the OFA method on stone tools to address the challenge of use-wear quantification and localisation, and therefore the identification of post-depositional wear. Our findings reveal a clear overlap between zones of experimentally produced use-wear and OFA-calculated contact areas. We demonstrate OFA as a potential method to generate models of multiscale use-wear that can be used as references on experimental tools to identify post-depositional surface modifications on stone tool artefacts.
Background: We previously showed that administration of an Endocannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1) inverse agonist (Rimonabant) induced an increase in splanchnic nerve activity, and "browning" of mesenteric ...fat. Furthermore, we demonstrated that selective splanchnic denervation significantly reduces the response to Rimonabant, specifically on food intake. Hypothesis: we examined if the sensory/spinal branch of the splanchnic nerve mediates the effect on energy balance and food intake. Methods: (1) We explored the localization of peripheral CB1 within the sensory nerve endings of the luminal gut and the effects of CB1-inverse agonist in mouse models of spinal afferent denervation on two obesogenic diets. (2) we also explored whether gastric bypassinduced changes in gut microbiome mediate its energy regulating effects through CB1 -signaling via the spinal/sensory pathway. Results: We found that intestinal CB1 co-localizes mainly with CGRPexpressing cells (sensory neurons) and not epithelial, enteroendocrine, or any immune cell. We found more significant co-localization of CB1 to the sensory/spinal fibers (celiac ganglion and DRG) than vagal sensory fibers (nodose ganglion). Then, using a model of selective afferent splanchnic denervation we found that the effects of Rimonabant were attenuated only in denervated high-fat diet and not high-carb diet induced obese mice. Finally, transferring fecal material from RYGB and Sham -operated mice into naïf recipients induces a significant increase in afferent and efferent splanchnic nerve activity of RYGB-stool recipients compared to their controls. Finally, intestinal CB1 expression was significantly lower in RYGB-stool recipients compared to their controls. Conclusions: Gut microbiome communicate energy signals from the gut to the brain through sensory/spinal afferent neurons via a CB1-depenedent pathway.
Although proteins are translated on cytoplasmic ribosomes, many of these proteins play essential roles in the nucleus, mediating key cellular processes including but not limited to DNA replication ...and repair as well as transcription and RNA processing. Thus, understanding how these critical nuclear proteins are accurately targeted to the nucleus is of paramount importance in biology. Interaction and structural studies in the recent years have jointly revealed some general rules on the specificity determinants of the recognition of nuclear targeting signals by their specific receptors, at least for two nuclear import pathways: (i) the classical pathway, which involves the classical nuclear localization sequences (cNLSs) and the receptors importin-α/karyopherin-α and importin-β/karyopherin-β1; and (ii) the karyopherin-β2 pathway, which employs the proline-tyrosine (PY)-NLSs and the receptor transportin-1/karyopherin-β2. The understanding of specificity rules allows the prediction of protein nuclear localization. We review the current understanding of the molecular determinants of the specificity of nuclear import, focusing on the importin-α•cargo recognition, as well as the currently available databases and predictive tools relevant to nuclear localization.
This paper presents a particle swarm optimization (PSO) in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) methods to enable real-time 3D localization of UHF-RFID tags. The reader antennas are moved through a moving ...agent (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle, unmanned ground vehicle, robot) and they collect several phase samples by resembling a synthetic array. Thanks to the PSO approach the 3D matching function of the SAR method can be calculated in a reduced number of points by keeping an acceptable localization error. A numerical analysis demonstrates the method applicability through a comparison with conventional SAR methods based on the exhaustive search (3D dense grid) of the maximum point. Localization performance is investigated when an agent is equipped with a single antenna moving along a 3D trajectory or with two reader antennas at different height running a planar trajectory. Then, an experimental campaign in indoor scenario with an RFID-equipped unmanned ground vehicle shows the method effectiveness in performing real-time 3D positioning with centimeter-order localization error.
Emerging communication network applications including fifth-generation (5G) cellular and the Internet-of-Things (IoT) will almost certainly require location information at as many network nodes as ...possible. Given the energy requirements and lack of indoor coverage of Global Positioning System (GPS), collaborative localization appears to be a powerful tool for such networks. In this paper, we survey the state of the art in collaborative localization with an eye toward 5G cellular and IoT applications. In particular, we discuss theoretical limits, algorithms, and practical challenges associated with collaborative localization based on range-based as well as range-angle-based techniques.
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