Articolul este dedicat analizei diferitelor concepţii filosofico-pedagogice ale instruirii din perspectiva modernităţii şi postmodernităţii. Fiecare concepţie este analizată în plan sincronic şi ...diacronic, fiind evidenţiate punctele tari şi punctele vulnerabile ale acestora. Importantă este încercarea autorilor de a deduce valenţele metodologice ale acestor concepţii în vederea dezvoltării politicilor de instruire la etapa contemporană. În acelaşi timp, sunt formulate două probleme care cer investigaţii speciale şi dezbateri ştiinţifice.CONCEPTS PHILOSOPHICAL PEDAGOGY BETWEEN MODERNISM AND POSTMODERNISMThis article is dedicated to the analysis of different philosophical and pedagogical conceptions of modernity and postmodernity training in perspective. Each design is analyzed in synchronic and diachronic plan, highlighting strengths and their vulnerabilities. Important is trying to infer methodological valences of these concepts to develop training policies at the contemporary stage. At the same time, it makes two problems that require special investigations and scientific debate.
In this article, I read Derrida s critique of the sign over against the challenges of the metaphysics of presence as featured in Western theology and philosophy. Derrida argues that logocentric ...interpretive interest in theology and philosophy is widely held and contradict by the West, as this somehow reveals the Western belief of the metaphysics of presence. He argues that the idea of metaphysics of presence which is strongly held in Christianity and Judaism is somehow privileged speech (Logos) over against writing which is seen as death and alienated from existential and transcendental reality. Derrida focuses on the reading of Saussure and how presence has been perceived over against writing in Western discourse in terms of the interpretation from Plato to Rousseau. Derrida prefers to deconstruct presence, which is perceived in Western theology and philosophy as truth and the ideal moment of pure, unmediated firstness. This article focuses on the reading of the work of Saussure, who has been greatly influential in the study of oral traditions, verbal arts and the interpretive interest of the sign. For Derrida writing has been suppressed by Western discourse for almost 400 years, as speech has been privileged over writing. The function of deconstruction is to deconstruct the binary opposition between speech and writing. Derrida provides clear examples of his deconstructive activity, which turns the text in traces of more text in opposing speech as unmediated firstness of presence. Derrida s critique of speech hopes to expose the dishonesty and false consciousness in a Western interpretive discourse that suppressed writing and perceived speech as presence. This relation is both oppositional and hierarchical, with writing as secondariness understood as a fall or lapse from firstness. For Derrida, there is nothing outside of the text . In the original French, Derrida wrote: Il n y a pas de hors-texte There is no outside-text. Language is a constant movement of differences and everything acquires the instability and ambiguity inherent in language (Callinicos 2004). The implications of Derrida s reading based on his work Of Grammatology (1976) have impacted everything in the humanities and social sciences, including law, anthropology, linguistics and gender studies, as the meaning of the text is not only inscribed in the sign (signifier and the signified), but everything is a text and meaning and representation are how we interpret it.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: Derrida sought to subvert the sign in structuralism, as it opens the door to dialogue with the socially constructed Other in relation to the sign and the false consciousness construction of the text by the West. This challenges the existing interpretive paradigm and open oral and written dialogue of the text for the other in terms of the meaning and representation of the oral text, the oral archival memory of the other, indigenous knowledge systems, African rituals, folklore, storytelling and verbal arts.
The article discusses early political lyrics by Dmitrii A. Prigov, the most famous literary representative of Moscow Conceptualism. Prigov’s mock “reenactments” of Soviet ideological discourse are ...analyzed through the prism of Fredric Jameson’s concept of political unconscious. Prigov’s cycles such as Istoricheskie i geroicheskie pesni (Historical and Heroic Songs, 1974), Kul’turnye pesni (Cultural Songs, 1974), as well as his 1970s–1980s poems about the Militsaner, the center of a quasi-mythological representation of Soviet symbolic landscape, reveal, in resonance with Jameson’s theory, (1) the text’s functioning as a symbolic act; (2) the collision in its discursive field of different ideologemes; and (3) the shaping of the new, countercultural, ideology of form.
Rather than the reception of Jacques Derrida's so-called political thought, in question here will thus be a certain internal necessity that, beyond undeniable changes in tone and accent, defies the ...possibility of a historical periodization. Precisely on this basis, with the guiding thread of this necessity internal to thinking, an entirely other work must be undertaken, namely, an analysis of the concept of sovereignty that brings forth the admirable consistency and uninterrupted perseverance of a discourse that will have always been political, from the very first writings to the posthumous publications. For reasons pertaining to this fundamentally political scope of deconstruction, I do not share the periodizing compulsion of certain readers of Derrida who desperately seek to identify a "before" and an "after," a "first Derrida" and a "last Derrida." Deconstruction responds each time and ceaselessly to the same injunction to resist every principle of power, that is to say, all hegemony that organizes a text or a context.
College and university teaching involves almost universally and hegemonically the large group lecture format. This ubiquitous learning and teaching space has, however, long been criticized for the ...production of passive learning in which the "sage on the stage" transmits, and students receive passively. This article reports on and evaluates a longitudinal multidisciplinary controlled experiment in which students were exposed to imagery and non-redundant text-narrative to assess the presence or absence of active learning principles. The trial found that students exposed to MML experienced 40-80% greater levels of active learning practices over those exposed to narrative and text. Given the physiological (cognitive) nature of MML predictions, the implications of the research impact upon all disciplines where lectures are a means of knowledge-sharing practices in Higher Education.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The article will address the philosophical and historical interpretive interest of the concept logos in the Johannine narrative from the perspective of orality and literacy research in the New ...Testament. The Logos in the Gospel of John serves as a forceful intellectual and ideological stimulus in the context of the Johannine community. The article will employ a multi-disciplinary approach in reading the concept logos logo-centrically (orally) rather than graphocentrically (textcentrically) from the perspective of orality-literacy which unfolds a new dimension for oral and written hermeneutics in the light of the reading of Logos in Jn 1:1.
The mythological concept of logocentrism, realized in T. N. Tolstaya’s novel “Kys’” is discussed. It is shown that the image of the Book as well as the image of the Word are the central ones. The ...author argues that the analysis of the aesthetic functions of this image is important for the understanding of the concept of the novel as a whole. The author believes that Tolstaya constructs a sort of art model of the national world, so the verbal practice in “Kys’” are inevitably relate to the national aspect. It is emphasized that the storyline and the images linked with a particular functioning of artistic word in the Russian culture are traditionally discussed in the framework of the problematics of literaturecentrism. Therefore, the article considers the world of “Kys’” firstly as the world of literaturocentrism, but in the end it is not such recognized: literaturecentrism as a sociocultural phenomenon in most cases is restricted to a specific time frame, while “Kys’” can be considered rather as transistorizes system. It is noted that Tolstaya in her works gives a broader interpretation to this phenomenon and interprets love to the word as part of the Russian mentality in general. Special attention is paid to the mythological practices as in the novel logocentrical strategies are linked mainly with them.
This article discusses the weight of patriarchy on account of autofictional novel Le voile mis à nu/El velo al desnudo from the perspectives of gender and psychoanalysis and its influence on the ...search for the identity of the main character –a Muslim Moroccan woman of the secondhalf of the twentieth century. We focus on the structural and discursive aspects of the work from the genderparadigm of difference as well as on the treatment of sex-typed division of patriarchy, identity, construction of sexed-body, representation of femininity and sexual practices, to shed light on these central concepts in feminist theory and its link among them, as are issues not yet addressed by literary critics regarding this novel. We examine from various aspects of Freud ́s psychoanalytic theories the aspects of literary creator and fantasy, fiction, symbols and archetypes allows a better understanding of the writer woman ́s experience, her socio-culture and Islamic patriarchal context and her phallogocentric speech. In order to contextualize the important aspects that facilitate the understanding of this autofictional novel, we analyze the Francophone Moroccan novel evolution from its origins to the early twentieth century, especially on the created by women during the second half of the century. We present the assessment made by the French literary critic and French-speaking North African both the author and her novel and finally we develop a detailed study of it from the proposed approaches. This analysis leads to the conclusion that innovative structural and transgressor aspects of thisnovel contain a phallogocentric speech in the treatment of those concepts
Narrativism as a theory of historical depiction intuitively opens the question: what is left of reality when it is poured through the filter of language structures? And, extended a little bit ...further, questions arise: What is responsible for the final shape of a historical depiction? Is it experience or language? What is affecting what? Narrativism typically accuses language units of transforming experience in a specific way. However, even in asking these questions, the problem of the separation of experience from language and language from experience remains. In this article, I address this issue using Gadamer's hermeneutical frame. Wherever philosophical tradition insists on the separation of certain positions, Gadamer tries to show their ontological connections. For Gadamer, understanding is a basic ontological structure, within which both sides of a dialogue affect and constitute each other. In Gadamerian hermeneutical ontology, there is no "starting point" or first responsible position. In the understanding, dialogue has the permanently moving character of a play, where separate positions are erased. This Gadamerian view can also be applied to the question of language and experience and their mutual connection in depicting any experience via language. In Gadamer's example of the work of art, the original subject matter (Urbild) is articulated through its depiction. The subject matter dictates possible ways of depicting, which in turn dictate the final shape of depiction. In this article, I discuss Gadamer's term "articulation of the world," by which he means a function of language. Articulation is simply a transformation of shapeless matter into a shape, and in our case it is a transformation of an experience into a language depiction. I show that the Gadamerian approach to language and experience can offer an interesting perspective on the issues discussed in reaction to narrativist philosophy of history.
This article intends to approach e-Science from a virtual ethnographic viewpoint. Such task could not be feasible unless we previously consider the possibility conditions shaping this historical ...moment, which are the techno-scientific convergence of logistics, telecommunication and the multimedia languages that come to fruition in the communication mediated by computer (CMC). The current changes restructure both the epistemological and the political dimensions of scientific work in the 21st Century.
Este artículo se propone una aproximación de inspiración etnográfica virtual a la llamada eCiencia. Tal empresa no es posible sin atender antes a las condiciones de posibilidad que configuran este momento histórico, a saber la convergencia tecnocientífica de la logística, las telecomunicaciones y los lenguajes multimediales que se materializan en la Comunicación Mediada por Computador (CMC). Las mutaciones en curso reconfiguran tanto la dimensión epistemológica como política del quehacer científico en el siglo XXI.
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