ENTREVISTA COM SERGIO MICELI Rodrigues, Lidiane Soares; Rocha, Maria Eduarda da Mota
Estudos de sociologia (Araraquara, Brazil),
07/2019, Letnik:
24, Številka:
47
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Esta entrevista foi realizada na residência de Sergio Miceli, em São Paulo-SP, na tarde de 30 de agosto de 2019, por Lidiane Soares Rodrigues e Maria Eduarda da Mota Rocha. Neste ano, o livro ...Intelectuais e classe dirigente no Brasil (1920-1945) – resultado de seu doutoramento, realizado na França, no início dos anos 1970, sob a supervisão de Pierre Bourdieu – completou 40 anos de sua primeira publicação em Língua Portuguesa, na prestigiada Coleção Corpo e Alma do Brasil, da editora Difel68 . Nossa conversa girou em torno da concepção, do conteúdo e da recepção deste livro (doravante, Intelectuais).
Purpose of Review
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a serious long-term fungal disease of the lung with a worldwide prevalence. Treatment of CPA is not straightforward given the often-multiple ...associated co-morbidities, complex clinical picture, drug interactions, toxicities and intolerances.
Recent Findings
First line treatment is oral itraconazole or voriconazole. In the event of intolerance or toxicity, patients may be swapped from itraconazole to voriconazole or vice versa. In the event of resistance or further intolerance, third line treatment with posaconazole could be initiated. In those with pan-azole resistance, short-term courses of intravenous liposomal amphotericin B or micafungin are fourth line therapy, keeping in mind the nephrotoxic effects of amphotericin B.
Summary
The available evidence for current treatments in CPA is limited and based mostly on retrospective cohort studies. There is a real need to raise awareness of this devastating disease to enable early treatment as well as prospective drug trials and studies to identify potential patient factors that correlate with progression, severity and overall outcomes in order to target future therapies.
Este artigo procura discutir as relações entre as obras dos pesquisadores brasileiros Nicolau Sevcenko e Sergio Miceli – o historiador e o sociólogo. A partir da tentativa de explorar o “diálogo” ...entre estes pesquisadores através de sua produção, são feitas algumas considerações adicionais sobre as (diferentes) abordagens metodológicas da sociologia da cultura e da história social e cultural. Duas resenhas de Nicolau Sevcenko sobre livros de Sergio Miceli e um exemplar anotado pelo primeiro de obra do úlitmo, constituem as fontes principais. Além disso, comenta-se ainda sobre a constituição de um novo campo de estudos no Brasil, em relação a literatura e as artes, a partir do final da década de 1970.
Entrevista com o sociólogo Ségio Miceli. Aposta na tese de que há um diálogo a ser ampliado entre a sociologia dos intelectuais defendida e praticada pelo sociólogo uspiano e disciplinas como a ...crítica e a teoria literárias. A abordagem, preocupada e comprometida com o tipo de centralidade do trabalho empírico por ele defendido, pressupõe um ambiente de debates no qual possa ser avaliado o alcance e o limite desse modus operandi no contexto desses diálogos latentes.Diferente de como se apresentam outras entrevistas que ele já respondeu, a arquitetura desta orienta-se a partir de uma gama de preocupações e recursos próprios à sociologia que auxiliam na construção de conteúdo sensível desde a fala de Miceli: a distinção entre sociabilidade e socialização. A sociabilidade sendo entendida para fins da entrevista como perguntas que dessem conta das preocupações com a manutenção de capital social das relações entre os intelectuais e a socialização como processo de incorporação dos saberes específicos ligados ao metier.
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this study was to provide an overview and insights on important new concepts on untargeted antifungal treatment strategies, namely prophylaxis pre-emptive and empiric ...treatments for the management of invasive candidiasis (IC) in non-neutropenic critically ill patients.
Recent Findings
Recently, clinical practice guidelines provided recommendation for the management of IC. However, results from recent trials and systematic reviews questioned the effect of untargeted antifungal treatment strategies, especially in terms of survival benefits in non-neutropenic patients, even with septic shock.
Summary
Widespread use of untargeted antifungal treatment strategies seems not to be justified anymore. Future research should evaluate comprehensive diagnostic-therapeutic approaches, including the implementation of de-escalation. In the meanwhile, clinicians should take into account all available sources of information including clinical evaluation, risk factor assessment, scores, and surrogate biomarkers to tailor antifungal treatment before definitive microbiological diagnosis.
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to assess the recommended treatment regimens for the major endemic mycoses, histoplasmosis and blastomycosis, which occur in the Midwestern USA and to ...provide information about the use of newer antifungal agents for these diseases.
Recent Findings
The basic approach to treatment of histoplasmosis and blastomycosis outlined in the IDSA Guidelines is helpful in managing these diseases. However, changes since these guidelines were published provide safer and better tolerated treatment regimens. Prolonged treatment with amphotericin B is rarely required, and lipid formulations of this drug have largely replaced the amphotericin B deoxycholate formulation. Although no clinical trials have been performed and the data are anecdotal, voriconazole and posaconazole are increasingly used in patients who cannot tolerate itraconazole. Voriconazole is especially useful when central nervous system infection is present. Posaconazole tablets provide consistently appropriate serum levels and the drug is well tolerated.
Summary
New azole agents provide alternative therapeutic options for histoplasmosis and blastomycosis.
Purpose of Review
Certain antifungals used as therapy for invasive fungal disease, including the extended-spectrum triazoles, may be limited by variable pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. This ...is especially important when drug exposure, as measured by trough concentrations, may be linked to either efficacy or toxicity. We review the rationale, indications, and controversies in TDM of antifungals.
Recent Findings
The monitoring of voriconazole drug levels is often practiced in patients that receive this triazole based on clinical data. Posaconazole delayed-release tablets achieve higher drug exposure more consistently, necessitating reconsideration of a role for therapeutic drug monitoring. Isavuconazole has predictable population kinetics, although exposure appears to be reduced in certain groups. However, the utility of isavuconazole therapeutic drug monitoring is unknown.
Summary
Therapeutic drug monitoring is warranted for certain antifungals, while its utility is being reconsidered for others.
Percorrendo os artigos que compõe a organização do livro Cultura e Sociedade: Brasil e Argentina, essa resenha busca refletir sobre a maneira através da qual os produtos culturais, sobretudo, da ...chamada indústria cultural vêm sido abordados pela sociologia da cultura no Brasil, do mesmo modo em que procura identificar também novas possibilidades e abordagens para essa problemática.
Purpose of Review
One of the more serious complications of hematology and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients is the development of invasive fungal infections (IFIs).
Recent ...Findings
Due to the widespread use of prophylaxis active against
Candida
spp. in these populations, infections due to invasive molds, such as aspergillosis and mucormycosis, have become more predominant. Several real-life challenges complicate the optimal prophylaxis and management of patients who develop invasive mold infections. Selection of agents in this setting requires careful consideration to the strength of evidence, certainty of IFI diagnosis, side effect profile, drug interactions, and cost.
Summary
In this review, we discuss the clinical evidence behind the optimal prophylaxis and treatment of IFIs in patients with hematological malignancies and review important practical considerations that should be taken in order to apply these data effectively to real-world patients.
Clinical Implications of Candida Biofilms Bernardo, Stella M.; Ilieva, Valeria P.; Walraven, Carla J. ...
Current fungal infection reports,
12/2017, Letnik:
11, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose of Review
In this review, we will assess what is currently known about
Candida
biofilms, its epidemiology and impact on clinical practice, and the biology underlying biofilm-related ...antifungal drug resistance. We also review potential antifungal lock therapies and discuss what avenues are available for future discoveries for the prevention and eradication of fungal biofilms.
Recent Findings
There is a multitude of in vitro tests of agents against
Candida
biofilms, but many of these studies have not demonstrated their utility against other
Candida
species and/or their efficacy in in vivo systems. This makes it particularly difficult to translate these findings for use in the clinical setting.
Summary
Research has helped us to understand the complexity of biofilms and its inherent antifungal resistance. The extracellular matrix remains a significant barrier for most antifungal therapy, and thus it stands to reason that agents directed at disrupting this protective barrier could be useful in antifungal lock therapies.
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