In order to induce in vitro axillary shoot proliferation from single-node expiants of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz., two techniques of thidiazuron (TDZ) application were tested: (i) two-step ...procedure including cultivation on Anderson medium (AM) supplemented with varying TDZ concentrations (0.1 µM; 0.25 µM; 0.5 µM; 1.0 µM; 2.5 µM) for 8 wk followed by cultivation on hormone-free medium (AMO) for 6 wk and (ii) 4-h liquid-pulse treatment with different TDZ concentrations (7.5 µM, 15.0 µM, or 30.0 µM) followed by cultivation on AMO for 8 wk. The highest number of axillary shoots per expiant was achieved with 0.1-µM TDZ after the two-step procedure. The best response in terms of percent regeneration (87%), shoot length (13 mm), absence of structure anomalies, and the shortest shoot production cycle (8 wk) was obtained with 30.0-µM TDZ liquid-pulse treatment for 4 h. The clonal fidelity of regenerated shoots was evaluated by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers and flow cytometry. Genetic similarity of all regenerants between themselves and with the mother seedlings was 99%. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that all samples studied were diploid. The nuclear DNA content of microshoots obtained under the TDZ treatments varied from 1.26 to 1.32 pg per 2C. There were no significant differences in DNA content among mother seedlings and in vitro developed shoots triggered by 0.1- and 2.5-µM TDZ nor by those triggered by the 30.0-µM TDZ pulse treatment.
The use of temporary immersion systems (TIS) for plant micropropagation is an efficient technique for plant production, and we have applied it for the production of alstroemerias. This method ...involves the cultivation of explants such as rhizomes and axillary buds in a nutrient medium to stimulate shoot growth. TIS offer advantages such as accelerated multiplication processes, uniform production, and cost reduction. This process has shown promise in meeting the growing demand for alstroemeria plants in the market. This chapter describes a specific protocol for temporary immersion bioreactor micropropagation of the "Albatroz" cultivar, with the potential for large-scale automation.
Miniature potted rose and Damask rose are important commercial plant cultivars in ornamental horticulture. Root suckers are common rose propagation method, but it is slow and seasonally dependent. In ...this survey, the propagation of nodal explants of these two species was studied through in vitro regeneration system. 16 and 24 different media were used for study of shoot and root regeneration respectively. The axillary buds were sprouted earlier in miniature rose than R. damascena. Shoot induction and proliferation (shoot ramification and growth) were observed 5 and 17 days after planting in miniature rose and 16 and 38 days in R. damascena respectively. The highest shoot proliferation obtained in media 3 and 7 in miniature rose, and medium 16 for R. damascena. These three media were recorded as optimal media with 100 % shoot proliferation. In these media, root initiation and growth of miniature rose (respectively after 78 and 92 days) was earlier than Damask rose (respectively 125 and 138 days). The successful rooting occurred in three and two media for miniature and Damask rose respectively. Rooting frequency was higher in the half strength MS liquid media than the others. Thus, cultivar potted rose as a modern species is propagated easier than old rose (R. damascena).
This study provides a method for ornamental grass Pennisetum ‘Vertigo®’ in vitro culture initiation and shoot multiplication under different LED light qualities. The culture was initiated from ...field-cultivated plants collected from the 1st to 30th October at weekly intervals. Later dates of collecting shoot tips increased the effectiveness of surface disinfection (from 46% on the first date to 93% on the fifth one) and the percentage of regenerating explants (from 34% on the first date to 93% on the fifth one). Disinfection and regeneration results were better for the apical buds than the axillary buds. Soaking explants in nystatin before surface disinfection or using a medium with an antibiotic increased the effectiveness of disinfection (even by 27–46%, depending on the combination) and did not inhibit the regeneration of explants. At the shoot propagation stage, the multiplication rate was twice as high for the shoots originating from the apical buds (5.5 per explant) than for those originating from the axillary buds. The addition of yellow light to the red and blue light (RBY) spectrum increased the multiplication rate, and the addition of green light to the red and blue (RBG) spectrum increased the fresh weight of the shoots. The highest content of chlorophyll a was found in the shoots propagated under RB, as well as RBY and RBG light.
The current review focuses on the plant Bacopa monnieri, one of prominent medical herbs in Indian ayurvedic system. The plant is well known for its cognitive and memory enhancing capabilities. The ...plant contains many useful alkaloids and secondary metabolites. Studies have shown that it has various promising pharmacological properties which have the potential to treat many illnesses and disorders such as asthma, bronchitis, rheumatism also in for renal disease, water retention, blood cleaning etc. This leads to the over exploitation of the plant which puts a stress on the naturally available stock of the plant, therefore, it becomes a necessity to find optimum methods for mass production of the plant and its important secondary metabolites. This review attempts to compile and to discuss the advancements in methods and techniques including type of culture vessels, plant growth regulators (PGRs), effect of stress, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) interactions; for in vitro propagation of Bacopa monnieri and the enhanced production of its important bioactive (bacoside) for its sustainable exploitation.
Abstract
The paper is devoted to the optimization of one of the factors influencing the success of micropropagation – the choice of the optimal part of vine to take explant, size of the explant and ...the method of its exposure in a test tube. The studies have confirmed that the place, where micro-cutting was taken, its size and its orientation during planting can affect the speed of growth processes and the survival rate of plants. The experiment was put on the Purple Early grapevine variety. The part of vine for taking micro-cutting, best size of explant and the method of its orientation in the test tube are established.
This study analyzed the survival and development of translocated Cattleya intermedia plants, aiming to understand why this threatened epiphyte is recorded growing mainly in the outermost parts of ...phorophytes and which are the main environmental factors related to its development, to know how to achieve conservation and restoration purposes. Plants propagated in vitro were translocated to a forest fragment (70 per phorophyte stratum: trunk and crown) in South Brazil and monitored for three years. The data indicated the ability of plants to grow along the vertical gradient of phorophytes. The orchids showed variations in the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments to adjust to environmental conditions, with higher concentrations in the crown and spring. Water content and nutrient concentration of translocated plants were similar to wild individuals. In the crown, plants were less affected by herbivory and some of them flowered three years after translocation. Plant survival and morphological and physiological aspects (growth, flower production and regulation of photosynthetic pigments), just as aspects of the trunk (inclination and circumference) and of the environment (light) indicated that C. intermedia has preference for the crown, being this the recommended stratum for its translocation aiming at conservation and environmental restoration.
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