In the present study, we examined how the perceived attainability and relatability of moral exemplars predicted moral elevation and pleasantness among both adult and college student participants. ...Data collected from two experiments were analyzed with Bayesian multilevel modeling to explore which factors significantly predicted outcome variables at the story level. The analysis results demonstrated that the main effect of perceived relatability and the interaction effect between attainability and relatability shall be included in the best prediction model, and thus, were deemed to predict the outcome variables significantly. The main effect of relatability as well as its interaction with attainability positively predicted elevation and pleasantness. We discussed educational implications of the findings in terms of how relatability may be the first point of emphasis for moral educators to focus on and attainability can then bolster the effectiveness. These relatable and attainable moral exemplars can be sources for moral elevation and pleasantness, which promote motivation to emulate moral behavior presented by the exemplars.
How and why people want to be more moral Sun, Jessie; Wilt, Joshua; Meindl, Peter ...
Journal of personality,
June 2024, Letnik:
92, Številka:
3
Journal Article
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Objective
What types of moral improvements do people wish to make? Do they hope to become more good, or less bad? Do they wish to be more caring? More honest? More loyal? And why exactly do they want ...to become more moral? Presumably, most people want to improve their morality because this would benefit others, but is this in fact their primary motivation? Here, we begin to investigate these questions.
Method
Across two large, preregistered studies (N = 1818), participants provided open‐ended descriptions of one change they could make in order to become more moral; they then reported their beliefs about and motives for this change.
Results
In both studies, people most frequently expressed desires to improve their compassion and more often framed their moral improvement goals in terms of amplifying good behaviors than curbing bad ones. The strongest predictor of moral motivation was the extent to which people believed that making the change would have positive consequences for their own well‐being.
Conclusions
Together, these studies provide rich descriptive insights into how ordinary people want to be more moral, and show that they are particularly motivated to do so for their own sake.
The present article juxtaposes selected elements of the Humean position on moral motivation with the ethical teachings of the Edo period Japanese Confucian scholar Itō Jinsai—especially the latter’s ...critical reading of the notion of structural coherence li, his defence of human feelings as the fundamental ground of moral motivation and his views on the origins of moral sentiment. In doing so, the article aims to show that there is an interesting line going through Jinsai’s work that might be argued to bear, within the philosophical project of Confucian ethics, similarities to certain of Hume’s more famous positions, which it actually predates.
•We develop a multi-dimensional consumer motivation to avoid food waste scale.•The scale encompasses environmental, moral, financial and social motivations.•The scale has good internal and ...test-retest reliability.•Nomological and predictive validity are established.
Food waste is one of society’s biggest problems, with huge ecological, economic and social consequences. Hence, there is a necessity to derive a better insight in how consumers can be triggered to avoid food waste. Although it is generally known that motivations are important drivers of human behavior, limited attention has been paid to motivations in the food waste context and no viable measurement instrument exists that systematically takes into account the different motivations underlying the avoidance of food waste. Current scales related to food waste concern encompass attitude and awareness items only. The current paper aims to fill this gap and develops a 21-item Motivation to Avoid Food Waste (MAFW) scale. Since consumers may be driven by different motivations to avoid food waste, special attention is paid to the multidimensionality of food waste avoidance motivations. Specifically, the MAFW-scale consists of four motivations: environmental, moral, financial and social motivations. Three studies demonstrate the scale’s internal reliability, test-retest reliability, nomological validity, and predictive validity. The MAFW-scale fosters research into the genesis of consumers’ food waste behaviors, and can serve as a tool to segment and target (un)motivated consumers.
The determinants of individual behaviors that provide shared environmental benefits are a longstanding theme in social science research. Alternative behavioral models yield markedly different ...predictions and policy recommendations. This paper reviews and compares the literatures from two disciplines that appear to be moving toward a degree of convergence. In social psychology, moral theories of pro-environmental behavior have focused on the influence of personal moral norms while recognizing that external factors, such as costs and incentives, ultimately limit the strength of the norm-behavior relationship. Rational choice models, such as the theory of planned behavior in social psychology and the theories of voluntary provision of public goods in economics, have sought to incorporate the effects of personal norms and to measure their importance in explaining behaviors, such as recycling and the demand for green products. This paper explores the relationship between these approaches and their implications for the theory and practice of ecological economics.
Nostalgia and moral identity: a facilitator model Jalil Etemaad; Hosein Dabbagh; Bahram Jowkar ...
Majallah-i ravānshināsī va ravānʹpizishkī-i shinākht = Shenakht journal of psychology and psychiatry,
10/2019, Letnik:
6, Številka:
4
Journal Article
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Introduction: New trend in virtue ethics focuses on personal trait and motivation to highlight the important role of perceptive and motivational aspect of emotions. Aim: The goal of present research ...was showed the line to facilitate moral virtues into personal identity by focusing on potentials of nostalgia. The question of the present study is that nostalgia as a non-moral emotion has which relation to the importance of moral virtues. Method: Method of research was correlational study and PhD and graduate students of Shiraz University were the statistical society of this research. 71 students participated in this research. Participants responded to event reflection manipulation (Wildschut et al., 2006), Moral identity scale (Aquino & Reed, 2002) and Nostalgia inventory (Batcho,1995). To analyze of data using SPSS 19, Amos and calculator of composite reliability depend on Raykov s formula (1997). Results: The result showed that nostalgia was significant positive predictor for internalizing and symbolizing. Conclusion: The results showed that nostalgia is a positive predictor for internalizing moral values in the individual's self-concept, and also predicting the representation and social pretense as a person who carries some values. Probability, Nostalgia is associated with a kind of emotional regulation and other importance in the person's life, which facilitates the strong moral identity by integration of self and openness to other.
In this article, I defend Thomistic eudaimonism against John Hare's Kantian charge of unacceptable self-regard, and argue that Hare's own Scotistic-Kantian double-source theory of motivation ...introduces a problematic conception of beatitude. Hare argues that the beatitude which motivates the will in Thomistic eudaimonism is a self-indexed good, which cannot motivate truly altruistic action. Hare fails to recognize that the beatitude that ultimately motivates the human will according to Thomas can be an ‘ourself-indexed’ rather than merely a ‘myself-indexed’ good, as the love of friendship brings other selves into the will's self-intention, facilitating a truly intersubjective and communal beatitude. Rejecting beatitude as the sole motivation of the will, Hare proposes a Scotistic double-source theory of motivation where the beatitude of another and the agent's own beatitude can never be loved with one and the same affection of the will, rendering beatitude unacceptably exclusive and proprietary. By making this argument, I hope to show that contemporary debates concerning moral motivation should carefully consider whether they can account for the intersubjective beatitude that bolsters human solidarity and forms the object of hope given by Christ who wills that his joy may be in us.
Although extensive studies have emphasized the positive effects of ethical leadership on inspiring followers to be the moral self, its effects on facilitating followers to become the whole moral self ...remain underexplored. In this study, drawing upon social cognitive theory, we built a moderated mediation model to explore how and when ethical leadership may stimulate followers’ peer monitoring behavior and thus become the whole moral self. Using a cross-sectional design to collect data from 366 employees in China, we tested the proposed model and hypotheses. The results showed that ethical leadership was positively related to followers’ peer monitoring behavior, and moral elevation partially mediated the above relationship. Furthermore, the results also revealed that followers perceived leaders’ intrinsic moral motivation not only amplified the positive effect of ethical leadership on followers’ moral elevation, but also strengthened the positive indirect effect of ethical leadership on followers’ peer monitoring behavior via moral elevation, while followers perceived leaders’ extrinsic moral motivation had the opposite moderating effects. These findings enrich our understanding of ethical leadership by elaborating on the moral elevation process in its impact on followers’ behavior, and provide new insights into how to motivate mutual monitoring among members through managerial practices for organizations.
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