Followers of Saminism, known as Sedulur Sikep, were fond of watching wayang performance. However, wayang performance had many war scenes that contradict the Samin’s moral teaching of non-violence. ...This study seeks to answer the question rose from the apparent contradiction—how do the Samin people address the moral dilemma presented in wayang performance based on their own moral teachings? This study has three objectives: describing the wayang performance of the Samin community; analyzing the moral view of Samin people based on the scenes of moral dilemmas in wayang performance; and, proposing a strategy to develop wayang performance that is suitable to Samin people and their moral teachings. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews with Samin leaders and figures as the method of data collection. The data analysis was carried out using Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development. The results showed that the moral views of Samin people tend to be staged in the conventional level of Kohlberg’s scheme in which the group morality is dominant. Moreover, their moral considerations can be placed in the third and fourth stage of moral development, namely ‘the orientation of interpersonal agreement’ and ‘the orientation of law and order,’ respectively. As for the development of wayang performance for Samin people, this article suggests that it can be done by elaborating aesthetic and ethical creativity on the pakeliran based on the teachings of Saminism.
Aus dem anglophonen, gesellschaftswissenschaftlichen Diskurs wird mit dem Begriff ,,Virtue signalling“ die Untugend bezeichnet, die eigenen moralischen Werte und Einstellungen öffentlich und ...überzogen gewissermaßen auf den Markt zu tragen, und damit das eigenerscheinende
Gutsein – nicht selten als Abwertung Anderer auszudrücken. Mit dem Selbst-auf-das-Podestheben und Zur-Schau-Stellung wird die philosophische, anthropologische und lebensweltliche Bedeutung von ,,aretê“, Tugend, Charaktereigenschaft (ρετ ή, virtus),
als Bezeichnung von ,,Bestheit“, ,,Vortrefflichkeit“, missachtet. Denn tugendhafte Einstellungen und Haltungen sind von Einstellungen und Entscheidungen bestimmt, die ,,in einer Mitte für uns besteht, die durch die Vernunft bestimmt wird“1. Dort, wo selbstgemachte
und – gedachte Tugenden zur Schau gestellt und prahlerisch präsentiert werden, entsteht der Anschein, dass hinter der Selbstdarstellung und Selbsterhebung Eitelkeiten, Karrieresucht und Höherwertigkeitsvorstellungen stecken. Öffentlich und prahlerisch ausgesprochene Aussagen
wie: ,,Ich bin ehrlich!“ – ,,Ich denke und handle demokratisch und solidarisch!“, werden im stillen Kämmerlein oder in Alltags- und Machtsituationen leicht über Bord gekippt. Aus dem friedlichen Lamm wir allzu leicht ein ,,politischer Pfau“2.
In The Choice Theory of Contracts, Hanoch Dagan and Michael Heller state that by arguing “that autonomy matters centrally to contract,” Contract as Promise makes an “enduring contribution . . . but ...its specific arguments faltered because they missed the role of diverse contract types and because it grounded contractual freedom in a flawed rights-based view. . .. We can now say all rights-based arguments for contractual autonomy have failed.” The authors conclude that their proposed choice theory “approach returns analysis to the mainstream of twentieth-century liberalism – a tradition concerned with enhancing self-determination that is mostly absent in contract theory today.” Perhaps the signal flaw in Contract as Promise they sought to address was the homogenization of all contract types under a single paradigm. In this Article, I defend the promise principle as the appropriate paradigm for the regime of contract law. Along the way I defend the Kantian account of this subject, while acknowledging that state enforcement necessarily introduces elements — both normative and institutional — for which that paradigm fails adequately to account. Of particular interest and validity is Dagan and Heller’s discussion of contract types, to which the law has always and inevitably recurred. They show how this apparent constraint on contractual freedom actually enhances freedom to contract. I discuss what I have learned from their discussion: that choice like languages, is “lumpy,” so that realistically choices must be made between and framed within available types, off the rack, as it were, and not bespoke on each occasion. I do ask as well how these types come into being mutate, and can be deliberately adapted to changing circumstances.
El estudio sociológico de la relación entre moral y religión ha sido conducido desde puntos de vista que remiten a tradiciones teóricas que muestran deficiencias para la comprensión de ambos ...términos. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar críticamente algunos aspectos centrales de estos enfoques y propone superar estas dificultades a través de la exposición de sus paradojas y puntos ciegos. El texto concluye con recomendaciones para el tratamiento sociológico de la religión y la moral en el contexto de una sociedad funcionalmente diferenciada.
What We Care about Carrasco, Maria Alejandra
Eidos (Barranquilla, Colombia),
07/2020
33
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In this paper I discuss the controversy between Harry Frankfurt and Susan Wolf as to whether or not it is important that what we care about is objectively valuable, and whether a completely immoral ...life is as valuable as a moral life. I argue that although Frankfurt is right in saying that the mere act of caring is already valuable, that is not enough for a meaningful praxis. Given that our ends in life determine our choices, whatever we love will determine the kind of life we have, and different kinds of life are not equally valuable.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la representación y reivindicación de las mujeres en la narrativa de Ángel Felicísimo Rojas; mismas que sobresalen por su espíritu progresista de ...lucha y rebeldía. Ejemplo está en Doña Leonor, la protagonista del libro de relatos El busto de doña Leonor: cuentos de juventud, heroína, que aun en contra de la moral y el buen juicio, luchó infatigablemente por ayudar a una sociedad ecuatoriana deprimida del siglo XX. Asimismo, Juanita Villalba, en El éxodo de Yangana, que es una exestudiante de segunda enseñanza, con reputación de atea, de envenenada y escéptica, se convierte en una joven ilustrada, inteligente, y librepensante que rompe con todos los esquemas idealistas y machistas de aquella época.
A book review is presented for Vicki L. Brennan, Singing Yoruba Christianity: Music, Media, and Morality. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2018. 210 pp. ISBN 978-0-253-03209-6.
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