Die Morphologie befasst sich mit verschiedenen Besonderheiten der Wortklassen und mit dem Gebrauch der Wörter nach bestimmten Regeln der Linguistik. Nomina (Substantive) gehören zu der Wortklasse der ...Hauptwörter in deutschen Sprache. Laut den verschiedenen Theorien der Linguistik, sind Nomina Wörter und Informationsträger für Personen, für Benennungen oder für Bezeichnungen. In der Grammatik sind Nomina von der grammatischen Kategorie (Genus, Kasus und Numerus) abhängig. Für Sprachenlerner kann das Nomen Probleme aufheben, da das Nomen sich nach dem grammatischen Genus orientieren. Viele Nomina werden nach der Form und nach der Bedeutung erkannt. Als Wortklasse unterscheiden die Nomina morphologische, syntaktische und semantische Merkmale. Im Rahmen des Faches: Die Struktur der Sprache C1- Morphologie werden wesentliche Aspekte des Nomens näher betrachtet und analysiert. Das Fach bevorzugt den korrekten Gebrauch des Nomens in einer klaren Sprache. Dementsprechend werden Aspekte des Nomens identifiziert und in demonstrativen Beispielen bewertet. Ziel des Unterrichtinhalts ist die Sprache korrekt in verschiedenen Kontexten zu verwenden. Im Empfang kommen verschiedene Lehr- und Lernmaterialen, Theorien, Forschungen zu Modalitäten der Anwendung der Sprache für die allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft oder im Sprachunterricht helfen verschiedene grammatische Regeln den Studierenden den Unterrichtsinhalt zu verstehen und die Sprache zu üben. Vorliegender Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den wesentlichen Aspekten des deutschen Nomens, welche wesentliche Schwerpunkte der deutschen Grammatik mit einbeziehen.
Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites Potts, Jeffrey R.; Dreyer, Daniel R.; Bielawski, Christopher W. ...
Polymer (Guilford),
01/2011, Letnik:
52, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Graphene-based materials are single- or few-layer platelets that can be produced in bulk quantities by chemical methods. Herein, we present a survey of the literature on polymer nanocomposites with ...graphene-based fillers including recent work using graphite nanoplatelet fillers. A variety of routes used to produce graphene-based materials are reviewed, along with methods for dispersing these materials in various polymer matrices. We also review the rheological, electrical, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of these composites, and how each of these composite properties is dependent upon the intrinsic properties of graphene-based materials and their state of dispersion in the matrix. An overview of potential applications for these composites and current challenges in the field are provided for perspective and to potentially guide future progress on the development of these promising materials.
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Systematically shape-controlled synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals has attracted increasing attention recently for both fundamental and technological interest. The shape evolution of CdSe ...nanocrystals with wurtzite structure in a unified method has been previously well studied, while the study on shape evolution of CdSe nanocrystals with zinc blende structure still remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate a systematic shape variation of zinc blende CdSe nanocrystals in a modified organometallic approach, in which distinct shapes of cube-shaped, sphere-shaped, tetrahedron-shaped, and branched CdSe nanocrystals with high yield and good uniformity are obtained. The crucial factor that influences the shape-controlled process is the reactive temperature. This wide variation of shapes provides important information about the growth of CdSe nanocrystals, and it can also help in the shape-controlled synthesis of other nanocrystals that are bound with uniform crystal planes.
The controllable synthesis of nanostructured CeO
2
-based materials is an imperative issue for environment- and energy-related applications. In this review, we present the recent technological and ...theoretical advances related to the CeO
2
-based nanomaterials, with a focus on the synthesis from one dimensional to mesoporous ceria as well as the properties from defect chemistry to nano-size effects. Seven extensively studied aspects regarding the applications of nanostructured ceria-based materials are selectively surveyed as well. New experimental approaches have been demonstrated with an atomic scale resolution characterization. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations can provide insight into the rational design of highly reactive catalysts and understanding of the interactions between the noble metal and ceria support. Achieving desired morphologies with designed crystal facets and oxygen vacancy clusters in ceria
via
controlled synthesis process is quite important for highly active catalysts. Finally, remarks on the challenges and perspectives on this exciting field are proposed.
Recent progresses in the preparation, properties, new characterization approaches, and theoretical study of nanostructured ceria-based materials are highlighted.
Several zones in southwestern Morocco were surveyed following a recent exceptional invasion of a species of cicada in May 2021, which caused significant damage, particularly in young almond ...plantations. The objective is to identify the cicada causing the damages and to determine the infested areas as well as the host plants. According to the plant protection service of Essaouira, more than 10,000 hectares of almond plantations have been impacted by the infestation. Based on the sites where they were found, the most infected plant species were listed. As a result of the surveys, four provinces were invaded: Essaouira, Chichaoua, Agadir, and Taroudant. The variety of host plants demonstrated that this cicada species is polyphagous. Throughout the invasion, different life stages of the cicada species were sampled and examined in the laboratory using a stereomicroscope. A preliminary morphological analysis of the cicada developmental stages, especially the adults, allowed us to establish the provisional life cycle of this hemipteran. In addition to morphological characteristics, male genital was dissected to identify the Cicada species responsible for the mass emergence. The external morphology of the adult and the pattern of the male genitalia allowed us to identify the cicada species responsible for the invasion as Psalmocharias plagifera (Hemiptera, Cicadidae).
Up-to-date, technically accurate coverage of essential topics in image and video processingThis is the first book to combine image and video processing with a practical MATLAB®-oriented approach in ...order to demonstrate the most important image and video techniques and algorithms. Utilizing minimal math, the contents are presented in a clear, objective manner, emphasizing and encouraging experimentation. The book has been organized into two parts. Part I: Image Processing begins with an overview of the field, then introduces the fundamental concepts, notation, and terminology associated with image representation and basic image processing operations. Next, it discusses MATLAB® and its Image Processing Toolbox with the start of a series of chapters with hands-on activities and step-by-step tutorials. These chapters cover image acquisition and digitization; arithmetic, logic, and geometric operations; point-based, histogram-based, and neighborhood-based image enhancement techniques; the Fourier Transform and relevant frequency-domain image filtering techniques; image restoration; mathematical morphology; edge detection techniques; image segmentation; image compression and coding; and feature extraction and representation. Part II: Video Processing presents the main concepts and terminology associated with analog video signals and systems, as well as digital video formats and standards. It then describes the technically involved problem of standards conversion, discusses motion estimation and compensation techniques, shows how video sequences can be filtered, and concludes with an example of a solution to object detection and tracking in video sequences using MATLAB®.Extra features of this book include:More than 30 MATLAB® tutorials, which consist of step-by-step guides to exploring image and video processing techniques using MATLAB®Chapters supported by figures, examples, illustrative problems, and exercisesUseful websites and an extensive list of bibliographical referencesThis accessible text is ideal for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in digital image and video processing courses, as well as for engineers, researchers, software developers, practitioners, and anyone who wishes to learn about these increasingly popular topics on their own.
Morphological Complexity Baerman, Matthew; Brown, Dunstan; Corbett, Greville G.
06/2017, Letnik:
v.Series Number 153
eBook
Inflectional morphology plays a paradoxical role in language. On the one hand it tells us useful things, for example that a noun is plural or a verb is in the past tense. On the other hand many ...languages get along perfectly well without it, so the baroquely ornamented forms we sometimes find come across as a gratuitous over-elaboration. This is especially apparent where the morphological structures operate at cross purposes to the general systems of meaning and function that govern a language, yielding inflection classes and arbitrarily configured paradigms. This is what we call morphological complexity. Manipulating the forms of words requires learning a whole new system of structures and relationships. This book confronts the typological challenge of characterising the wildly diverse sorts of morphological complexity we find in the languages of the world, offering both a unified descriptive framework and quantitative measures that can be applied to such heterogeneous systems.
Block Copolymers for Fuel Cells Elabd, Yossef A; Hickner, Michael A
Macromolecules,
01/2011, Letnik:
44, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Ion-containing block copolymers hold promise as next-generation proton exchange membranes in hydrogen and methanol fuel cells. These materials’ self-assembled ordered nanostructures facilitate proton ...transport over a wide range of conditions, a requirement for robust fuel cell performance. In this perspective, we will present an overview of the morphology and transport properties of ion-containing block copolymers that have been studied to gain insight into the fundamental behavior of these materials and, in some cases, are targeted toward applications in fuel cells and other electrochemical devices. We will discuss the challenges associated with predicting and obtaining well-ordered morphologies in block copolymers with high ion content, particularly those with chemistries that can withstand the chemical and mechanical stresses of the fuel cell, such as aromatic backbone block copolymers. New opportunities for ion-containing block copolymers in alkaline membrane fuel cells will also be reviewed.
An electrolyte with high lithium transference number (t
Li+) is predicted by theory to retard lithium dendrite formation and growth in rechargeable lithium metal batteries. Lithiated perfluorinated ...polymer electrolyte membranes (Li‐PEM) are synthesized to study the effects of t
Li+ on Li dendrite growth in an ideally single‐ion conductive electrolyte system. Consistent with theory, a more than 40‐fold improvement in cell lifetime is found.
It′s all about polymers: All‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) based on six perylene diimide containing polymers (PX–PDIs) as acceptor materials and two polythiophene derivatives (P3HT and PT1) as donor ...materials were investigated systematically (see picture). The highest power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) of all‐PSCs was 2.23 %, one of the highest PCEs of polymer/polymer blend photovoltaic devices reported to date.
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