Oral lacerations during motocross: A case report Hino, Shunsuke; Takeda, Akio; Kaneko, Takahiro ...
Dental traumatology,
December 2017, 2017-Dec, 2017-12-00, 20171201, Letnik:
33, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Motocross is a high‐risk sport that can cause serious injuries including oral injuries. However, mouthguard use is not mandatory in motocross. This report describes a case of an oral laceration with ...exposure of bilateral inferior alveolar nerves as a result of a motocross accident in which the patient was not wearing a mouthguard.
Motocross (Mx) is the off‐road mechanical sport most commonly practiced around the world. Riders practice training and competitions on motorcycles. It requires some specific physical and cognitive ...abilities. Mx racing is composed of successive heats. Whole‐body cryotherapy (WBC) appears to be an interesting way to recover faster between the successive heats which composes each race. The aim of this study is to determine whether WBC can be used between Mx heats to accelerate rider's muscular recovery. Eighteen riders performed a series of physical tests (isometric, concentric, and maximal strength, reaction time, and recovery perception); try to mimic Mx competition using a 25 minutes simulated Mx heat followed by a recovery condition (CONT or WBC); and repeated physical tests. WBC had better recovery in isometric strength for up/low limbs. CONT had better recovery in explosive strength for low limb. No difference in maximal strength or reaction time between the before exercise, the after exercise, and after recovery. The WBC group had a better recovery perception after recovery than the CONT group. WBC exposure seems to accelerate isometric muscle recovery after a simulated motocross exercise.
Background:
Motocross is a form of motorcycle racing held on established off-road circuits and has been a recreational and competitive sport across the world for >100 years. In the United Kingdom ...alone, motocross has grown into a phenomenally ambitious and popular franchise. There are >200 motocross clubs across the country, permitting >900 events annually.
Purpose:
To assess the current trend of spine-related motocross injuries over the past 5 years.
Study Design:
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Methods:
Data were prospectively collected over 5 years (August 2010–August 2015) at our regional trauma and spine unit, regardless of whether the rider was performing the sport competitively or recreationally.
Results:
During the study period, spine-related injuries were identified for 174 patients (age range, 6-75 years) who were directly referred to our department following recreational or competitive motocross, with most injuries being sustained within the early spring and summer months, representing the start of the motocross season. A significant number of injuries were in males (n = 203, 94%), with the majority of injuries occurring within the 21- to 30-year-old age group. A total of 116 (54%) injuries required operative treatment. The most common spinal injury was thoracolumbar burst fracture (n = 95), followed by chance fractures (n = 26).
Conclusion:
This data series emphasizes the prevalence and devastation of motocross-related spinal injuries in the United Kingdom and may serve in administering sanctions and guidelines to governing bodies of motocross. The spinal injuries that occur during motocross have significant capital connotations for regional spinal centers. The recent surge in motocross popularity is correlated with the number of injuries, which have increased over the past 5 years by almost 500%.
Blunt traumatic gastric perforations in children are rare. Delayed diagnosis will lead to abdominal contamination and may result in morbidity and even mortality. We present a case of an adolescent ...who sustained blunt abdominal injury in a motocross accident and presented with remarkable hyperdense spherical shaped structures on the computed tomography (CT).
A 15-year-old boy arrived at the emergency room with an acute abdomen after a motocross accident. A CT scan of the abdomen demonstrated free air and hyperdense round structures in the stomach, pelvic cavity and right paracolic gutter. During emergency laparotomy a traumatic gastric perforation was sutured, a splenic rupture was treated with a vicryl mesh and multiple spherical food scraps were removed from the abdomen. After surgery, the boy clarified that he had eaten a whole bag of colorful and spherical shaped candy just before the accident.
Traumatic gastric rupture in children is rare but physicians should be aware of this diagnosis in case of blunt abdominal trauma with free air on the CT scan. Gastric contents, in this case candy, can present as hyperdense shaped structures in the abdominal cavity on the CT scan.
Purpose
Sporting activities that involve repetitive stress to muscle compartments can elicit chronic exertional compartment syndrome. Its occurrence in the lower leg muscle compartments is most ...common, but other locations are less well known and the pathophysiology is not completely understood. In motocross racers, chronic exertional compartment syndrome can occur in the muscles of the lower arm. Currently, the only accepted treatment of correctly diagnosed chronic exertional compartment syndrome is surgical release of the fascia, which successfully relieves pain and allows patients to return to full activity. Open decompression is considered as the gold standard of treatment. This clinical paper describes our new endoscopic technique and investigates the functional outcome after surgery.
Methods
We report on a series of 154 chronic exertional compartment syndromes afflicted motocross racers treated with an endoscopic release of the lower arm muscles. An MRI scan before and after strenuous exercise of the hand flexors (repetitive grip until exhaustion for 15 min) was performed to confirm the clinical diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome. Symptom severity before and after surgery was assessed using a visual analogue scale.
Results
Preoperative symptom severity scores were 1.1 ± 0.3 before exercise and 7.4 ± 1.5 after exercise. Post-operatively, these were 1.0 ± 0.2 and 1.7 ± 0.9. The pre- versus post-operative symptom scores after exercise were significantly different (
p
< 0.0001). No perioperative complications occurred, and at 6 weeks, all of the racers resumed their sportive activities.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that endoscopic release of the superficial compartment of the forearms of motocross racers diagnosed with chronic exertional compartment syndrome is a valuable treatment option, with mild post-operative pain and fast recovery.
Level of evidence
IV.
Abstract Purpose To examine the injury severity and patterns of injury for pediatric motorized recreational vehicle (MRV) drivers injured during organized events (OE) compared to recreational use ...(RU). Methods All pediatric MRV injuries between 2006 and 2012 in our institutional trauma registry were studied for mechanism of injury, initial evaluation, and treatment. Injuries with an Abbreviated Injury Scale ≥ 2 were categorized by body region and diagnosis. Results Out of 589 collisions, 92 (16%) occurred during an OE. Compared to RU drivers, OE drivers were more likely to wear helmets (92% vs. 40%, p < 0.001) and other protective equipment (79% vs. 6%, p < 0.001). There was no difference in rates of hospital admission, rates of surgical intervention, injury severity scores, rates of intensive care unit admission, or lengths of stay. There were no differences in injuries by body region or injury type, except that dislocations were more common in OE drivers (2% vs. 0%, p = 0.038). Conclusion Despite higher rates of helmet and protective gear use, pediatric MRV drivers participating in OEs sustain similarly severe injuries as drivers using MRVs recreationally. No differences were observed in body regions involved or outcomes. Public perception that OE use of MRV for children is safe should be addressed.
Off-road motorcycling is a very popular sport practiced by countless people worldwide. Despite its popularity, not much has been published on the severity and distribution of central nervous ...system-related injuries associated with this activity in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to confirm, characterize, and document the rate of head and spine injuries associated with off-road motorcycling in this population.
All patients aged 18 years or less who were treated for a motorbike injury at the authors' institution (a Level 1 regional trauma center) between 2000 and 2007 were identified through in-house surgical and trauma registries. Type, mechanism, and severity of CNS-related injuries were assessed, including: incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), loss of consciousness (LOC), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, head CT findings, neurological deficits, spinal fractures, cervical strain, and use of protective gear, including helmets.
During the 8-year period of study, 298 accidents were evaluated in 248 patients. The patients' mean age at the time of injury was 14.2 ± 2.7 years. Head injury or TBI was identified in 60 (20.1%) of 298 cases (involving 58 of 248 patients). Fifty-seven cases were associated with LOC, and abnormalities were identified on head CT in 10 patients; these abnormalities included skull fractures and epidural, subdural, subarachnoid, and intraparenchymal hemorrhages. The GCS score was abnormal in 11 cases and ranged from 3 to 15, with an overall mean of 14.5. No patients required cranial surgery. Helmet use was confirmed in 43 (71.6%) of the cases involving TBI. Spine fractures were identified in 13 patients (4.3%) and 5 required surgical fixation for their injury.
The authors found a high occurrence of head injuries following pediatric off-road motorcycle riding or motocross accidents despite the use of helmets. Additionally, this study severely underestimates the rate of mild TBIs in this patient population. Our data indicate that motocross is a high-risk sport despite the use of protective gear. Riders and parents should be counseled accordingly about the risks prior to participation.
Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is occasionally observed in the forearm flexor muscles of motocross racers. Long-term results of fasciectomy and fasciotomy for this ...syndrome are scarce.
Purpose: To study the long-term effects of 2 surgical techniques for forearm flexor CECS.
Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
Methods: A database of patients with forearm CECS who underwent surgery was analyzed. Long-term pain reduction (visual analog scale VAS, 0-100) and efficacy were evaluated using a questionnaire.
Results: Data of 24 motocross racers were available for analysis. Intracompartmental pressures during rest, during provocation, and after 1 and 5 minutes of provocation were 15 ± 4, 78 ± 24, 29 ± 10, and 25 ± 7 mm Hg, respectively. Painful sensations in the forearm were reduced from 53 to 7 (median VAS; P < .001). Both fasciectomy (n = 14) and fasciotomy (n = 10) were equally effective. More than 95% (23/24) of the patients were satisfied with the postoperative result after 5 ± 2 years’ follow-up.
Conclusion: Surgical fasciotomy and fasciectomy of the forearm flexor compartment are equally successful in motocross racers suffering from forearm CECS.
Abstract Background Motor vehicle–related injuries (including off-road) are the leading cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and acute traumatic spinal cord injury in the United States. Objectives ...To describe motocross-related head and spine injuries of adult patients presenting to an academic emergency department (ED). Methods We performed an observational cohort study of adult ED patients evaluated for motocross-related injuries from 2010 through 2015. Electronic health records were reviewed and data extracted using a standardized review process. Results A total of 145 motocross-related ED visits (143 unique patients) were included. Overall, 95.2% of patients were men with a median age of 25 years. Sixty-seven visits (46.2%) were associated with head or spine injuries. Forty-three visits (29.7%) were associated with head injuries, and 46 (31.7%) were associated with spine injuries. Among the 43 head injuries, 36 (83.7%) were concussions. Seven visits (16.3%) were associated with at least 1 head abnormality identified by computed tomography, including skull fracture (n = 2), subdural hematoma (n = 1), subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 4), intraparenchymal hemorrhage (n = 3), and diffuse axonal injury (n = 3). Among the 46 spine injuries, 32 (69.6%) were acute spinal fractures. Seven patients (4.9%) had clinically significant and persistent neurologic injuries. One patient (0.7%) died, and 3 patients had severe TBIs. Conclusion Adult patients evaluated in the ED after motocross trauma had high rates of head and spine injuries with considerable morbidity and mortality. Almost half had head or spine injuries (or both), with permanent impairment for nearly 5% and death for 0.7%.
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